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Plenary Report Workshops – 24 March 2009 Heritage care through active citizenship

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Within just a few years the German Foundation for Monument Protection has grown into the largest private historical-preservation initiative in Germany. The German Foundation for Monument Protection has thus set itself two goals: to preserve endangered cultural monuments and promote all aspects of monument protection. We hope to animate as many citizens as possible to become involved in this task. Since its foundation in 1985 the German Foundation for Monument Protection has helped to preserve over 3,000 monuments nationwide, investing 390 million Euros. Contributions have been raised from more than 180,000 private sponsors and companies, fine allocations and proceeds from the GlücksSpirale lottery. Our patron is the Federal President, Horst Köhler.The Foundation becomes active where state funds are either not available or are proving insufficient. In times when public budgets continue to shrink, this goal is more than ever a challenge for all. The Foundation’s funds benefit an array of historical monuments: burgher houses, village, town and cloister churches, industrial monuments, palaces, castles and manor houses, parks, town walls and archaeological excavations. To encourage young people to become more involved with our cultural heritage is of particular concern to the Foundation. In 2002 for example we initiated the schools project “denkmal aktiv * Kulturerbe macht Schule” (Cultural Heritage in Young Hands). Over a thousand pupils belong to the nationwide network. During the school year they work on and study cultural monuments on site, taking part in restoring and documenting the monument, and so getting to know monument protection first hand. The “Jugendbauhütte” projects (Youth Masonry Guilds) running in nine towns are also proving to be a successful model. Over the course of a year of voluntary civic service young adults gain insight into old crafts and historical buildings. Practical activities introduce the participants to the basic know-how and skill demanded by protecting historical monuments and offers a platform for their future vocational orientation. Another aspect of our mission is of no less importance: to raise public awareness for monument protection and the tasks this entails. In this vein the Foundation coordinates the nationwide European Heritage Day, held annually in September. This contribution to the European Heritage Days has meanwhile advanced to one the largest cultural events in Germany, highlighting 7,000 monument sites open to the public and attracting over four million.

So that the past has a future - the German Foundation for Monument Protection...

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This paper will compare attitudes towards industrial heritage in various parts of Europe, and the degree of volunteer involvement in different countries. For example, in a few states, the conservation of the industrial heritage relies heavily on groups of enthusiasts, who give many hours of their time. This is particularly true in the United Kingdom, where projects to restore and maintain such sites as wind and watermills, and the heritage of the water supply industry, would be unlikely to succeed without volunteers who devote both time and expertise to this task. Similar groups can also be found in other parts of Europe, for instance in Flanders and Denmark. Another way in which Civil Society helps to protect the industrial heritage is through the support of individual communities. In Sweden, for example, many sites in rural areas are cared for by the local people. This can take the form of renovation and preservation work, with subsequent presentation to visitors, or if a site cannot remain in its original use, in assisting in its adaption to enable the building at least to survive. Attitudes to industrial heritage vary across Europe, with, until recently, less interest in its preservation in central and eastern states. This view is now shifting, and projects are commencing to save what is left of this important legacy of the past, although these tend to be less volunteer based, with, instead the lead coming from government agencies and museums – the reasons for this will be examined. This presentation will be celebrating the work of the dedicated volunteers engaged in “giving the industrial past a future”.

The Role of Volunteers from Civil Society in the Conservation of the Industri...

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According to different sources, the number of World War II refugees ranged between 7.5 and 30 million, including over 200 000 Baltic people who fled to the West among them. Baltic refugees were able to retain their identity thanks to the cultural and educational life of the Baltic communities that had begun already in the DP camps. Formation of the earliest cultural history archives dates back to the same period. After leaving DP camps, Baltic refugees moved on to Sweden, the United States, Australia, Canada and other countries where the local Baltic communities founded their archives that have been functioning thanks to the support and voluntary work of the community members. The aim of these archives has been to gather and preserve the history of the Baltic people in exile – archival materials, printed matter, art, ethnographic and other items. Memory institutions have formed the basis of national culture supporting and safeguarding the continuity of historic knowledge. With the political changes of end of the 1980s, memory institutions in the Baltic countries also became involved in collecting the cultural heritage of the Baltic Diaspora, as a result of which part of these materials have been brought to the Baltic states. However, a large majority of the archival resources is still preserved abroad, in community and private archives, but also in national memory institutions of the countries with the Baltic Diaspora. In 2005 gathered a work group consisting of the representatives of the Estonian memory institutions and those of the Estonian Diaspora. Their task was to coordinate and facilitate the mapping and preservation of the cultural heritage of the Estonian Diaspora. By the present day the cooperation network has been extended to reach partners from Latvia and Lithuania as well as from the Latvian and Lithuanian Diaspora. In January 2008 was established a new NGO, the Baltic Heritage Network, focussing on organisation of thematic events, gathering of information on Baltic archives abroad in the portal BaltHerNet (www.balther.net) as well as on dissemination of archival know-how and best practices among Baltic communities.

Networking the Cultural Heritage of the Baltic Diaspora (Piret Noorhani)

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The speaker will present the background for The First European Conference on Voluntary Organisations in the Field of Cultural Heritage, which to place in Oslo 21 – 24 September 2000. This was a result of a process within the Cultural Heritage Committee of the Council of Europe. The choice of Oslo as venue was based on the fact that The Norwegian Society for the Preservation of Ancient Monuments has been continuously active since 1844. Norway also has a very clear political consensus on the importance voluntary organisations have for consolidating democracy as a governing principle. The results of the Oslo conference were used to draft a declaration on the role of voluntary organisations in the field of cultural heritage, which was adopted by the Vth Council of Europe conference for ministers responsible for cultural heritage in Portoroz in Slovenia in 2001.

From Oslo to Mechelen – via Portoroz (Dag Myklebust)

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ECOVAST (European Council for the Village and Small Town) is a pan-european NGO supporting local initiatives of heritage conservation and sustainable rural development in villages and small towns. Croatian Section of ECOVAST , in cooperation with other similar national organizations and with involvement of local citizens (local governments, volunteers) developed a project of revitalization of villages through restoring traditional buildings in Croatia. The presentation (power-point) will focus on two examples of restoration activity undertaken for different types of houses in two different areas: a traditional East Slavonia sun-dried brick house in Erdut and Dalj vine-growing area, with collaboration of volunteers from a regional organization and a local Society of Hungarian Minority – thus promoting intercultural dialogue; the other is a wooden type of house with thatched roof in a hilly Zagorje area of North-West Croatia, where we support the local community of Bednja and their voluntary heritage initiatives. The aim of this project is also to establish a network of people and organizations involved in heritage conservation and management, as well as producing a practical publication/video for the local population interested in restoration process of their traditional architecture.

Restoring Traditional Buildings in Croatia (Tihana Stepinac Fabijanic)

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SEE (South East European) Heritage Network is a network of non-governmental organizations from the South East Europe. The Network was established in 2006 and now it has 13 members. Vision of SEE Heritage Network is South East Europe – region where people cooperate, understand and respect each other on the basis of their cultural differences. SEE Heritage is a network of non-governmental organizations that believe in cultural, ethnic and religious diversity as a valuable resource. The work of SEE Heritage network is aimed at protecting and promoting our common heritage which is leading to sustainable and responsible development. The initiative to establish the Network was started by the Swedish organization Cultural Heritage without Borders - CHwB, being an NGO itself and working regionally in the Western Balkans. After the first initial meeting in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) the Network held four more meetings in: Gjirokastra (Albania), Ohrid (Macedonia), Kotor (Montenegro) and Berat (Albania). Together with meetings the SEE Heritage Network organized a public debate “Cultural Heritage and its Misuse in Political, Ideological and other Causes”, a workshop and public presentation “Devastation of Cultural Heritage”, and a conference “Cultural Heritage Tourism and Sustainable Development”. The Network published a booklet “Cultural Heritage and its Misuse in Political and Ideological Causes” and launched the public appeal urging local and national governments of the SEE Heritage region to stop the indifference towards the devastation of SEE heritage. The website www.seeheritage.org is one of the most important concrete results of the SEE Heritage Network work, aiming to become an important portal for cultural heritage of the SEE region.

South East European Heritage Network (Aleksandra Kapetanovic)

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The Allard Pierson museum in Amsterdam celebrates its 75th anniversary by showcasing new technologies that help to understand and enjoy cultural heritage in the exhibition ‘The Future for our Past’. This exhibition focuses not only on innovative ways to digitise and showcase cultural heritage, but provides a rich, visual language that is in line with the current youth culture. The exhibition shows augmented reality on mobile devices (showing for example the Forum in Rome in 320 AD), allows to walk your avatar through the ruins and reconstructions of the villa of Livia (the wive of emperor Augustus) or shows the broken statue of a pharao being transported in time to its original state. By focusing on heritage education for youngsters, the exhibition makes a firm statement on where the Future of the Past lies. Together with this exhibition, a series of workshops for cultural heritage experts will be held that shows the workflow behind each setup at the exhibition and allows to get acquainted with the do’s and don’ts of these new technologies. Visual Dimension

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The digital divide has serious consequences in the information society. If ‘information is power’ why is creativity one of the key focuses concentration areas in the UKs Digital Economy Act? Main points to focus on when reading for this topic: The digital divide – all reading in regards to this point Information society – Castells work in regards to this point UK Digital Economy Act – Read the act and find out more about concentration areas, spefically, Creativity. TOPIC POINT – Internet access plays a vital part in a modern society Networks (Castells) His hypothesis: the historical superiority of vertical/hierarchical organizations. That non centred networked form of social organization had material limits to overcome. Fundamentally linked to available technologies. Networks have strength in their flexibility, adaptability and capacity to self configure Global Networks · Digital networks are global, as they have the capacity to reconfigure themselves, as directed by their programmers, transcending territorial and institutional boundaries through telecommunicated computer networks (pp 24) · The global society is a networked society and exclusion from these networks is ‘tantamount to structural marginalisation in the global network society’ (Castells, 2009: 25) Limitations of materials. Benefits from global networks: access to bigger markets and a variety of producers. Breaking down the value chain. States – the network state · State have sovereignty in specific territories; has ultimate legislative powers; the power of force (police/army); and have citizens. They are the ones who have an existent power relationships. They are very powerful: control the material form of power (guns, armies, war, police, army) and they have power over the citizens. · With globalisation and networks these powers affect the sovereignty of the state which has to alter/transform to adapt to these dynamic situations A. They associate together – ASEAN; EU; NATO; etc. – G20 at the ‘top of the pecking order’ B. Dense networks of international organisations to deal with international issues (UN; WTO; IMF; World Bank etc.) C. Nation states devolve powers to regional bodies and sometimes NGOs to overcome a crisis of political legitimacy. The material we discussed in last weeks lecture details the role of the State in the UK Organisations – the network organization · Castells points to the rise of the network enterprise as a response to the needs to increased flexibility and autonomy. · Large organisations are divided internally into networks; small ones are parts of larger networks. · These networks are dynamic and not stable and may (re)form around specific projects as alliances and partnerships. · The unit of production is the business project not the firm though it is still the ‘legal unit of capital accumulation.’ · Financial valuation remains key and global financial markets are key in a network economy. He also talks about the rise of the network ente ...

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VoCh – Volunteers for Cultural Heritage was a European project, funded by the European Commission Brussels as part of the Grundtvig lifelong learning programme. The project began in November 2007 and finished in October 2009. The project started out by acknowledging the importance of volunteering as a positive act of citizenship and the increasing significance of volunteers for preserving cultural heritage, promoting access to heritage and collections and, in many instances, running cultural institutions such as museums. Its main activities and outputs were: * Europe-wide research on volunteers in the cultural heritage sector * Identification of good practice case studies * Design, development and delivery of training schemes for volunteers and volunteer coordinators * Development and publication of guidelines for good practice when working with volunteers Adele Finley will present an overview of the research and its results before moving on to discuss the main trends and issues which emerged. She will explore the themes of participation, active citizenship and audience development by drawing on good practice case studies identified during the project.

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The heritage literacy is a desirable and expected outcome of the heritage based education process. It has foundation in the comprehension of literacy as a state of having knowledge or competences in an explicit field and in comprehension of the heritage as a collective capital of (any) community. In it uttermost form heritage literacy is a form of life-long learning, adapted to differences beneficiaries represent. Accordingly, it is obvious that heritage literacy falls much more into citizenship based education then any formal education process (although some part of it could be reached in latter too). The aim of the presentation is to explain the idea and main points of heritage literacy, its necessity and to present the possible outline of methodical heritage education. The concept will be illustrated by two different projects: creating of cultural routes by secondary school kids (in clusters of pupils from different countries) and with on-going project located at Croatian ex-war area.

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A place on the Unseco representative list of intangible cultural heritage is the ultimate acceptance of any specific tradition. For instance the Old Limburgian Schuttersfeast (OLS), a yearly event for some 170 local historical guilds, which exists for more than several centuries in both the Limburg provinces, one in Belgium and one in the Netherlands. This OLS ca only be organised with the help of more than 1.000 volunteers, who on behalf of one of the guilds prepare the outside-place with tents and equip it well to welcome there all the guilds and some 40.000 visitors, that look at the pageant and the competing matches, eat and drink, talk and have fun. The organisation has just one year to get it all done, because the winner of the competition of that specific day has to organize it next year. There is a big receipt of the winners in their hometown and after that they have to start the organisation with a lot of members from their community. Luckily there is a good cooperation with the local government and the OLS-Federation helps to continue organising a typical local historical guilds festival, which is attractive for the guilds themselve and thousands of visitors. As a consequence of the suggestion of the flemish (Belgian) government to push the named OLS upward onto the Unesco-list, this event is agreed upon via the flemish national list. Problem however is that the dutch government didn’t yet ratified the Unesco cultural intangible heritage convention. So, our plan is to mobilise everyone involved, the 7.000 participants (members of the historical guilds), the thousands of visitors, the flemish government, both the Provincie-governments of dutch and Belgium Limburg, to convince the dutch government to firstly agree upon the Unesco cultural intangible heritage convention and then to recognize the OLS as an important tradition as such. With support of two countries we’re shure that the Unesco also will recognise the ancient and traditonal guilds and their annual feast with several competitions as quite specific and important cultural heritage. So, join us for the ‘push-the-government’-programm.

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‘Traces of the past’ is an educational program which aims to restore cultural heritage of Poland. It is also the way to look for the connections among cultures and show common responsibilities. The program initiates youth actions dedicated to preservation and promotion of local cultural heritage. It is intended for students from middle and high schools, implemented during civic education, history, literature, art classes as well as within extra classes programmes. Students search for a historical monument in their region, learn about its history and take care of it , “adopt” a chosen object. Then, in cooperation with a local government and regional cultural institutions, they provide initiatives toward restoration of the monument. These activities serve to promote cultural heritage of a particular town and region. While participating in the project, youngsters rediscover the history of their home-place.

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With 3.5 million members, the National Trust of England, Wales and Northern Ireland is Europe’s leading conservation organisation. Through ownership and management, the National Trust looks after 1,141 kilometres of coastline, 617,763 hectares of countryside and more than 300 historic houses and gardens, and much more besides. The National Trust is independent of Government and receives no direct grant or subsidy for our core work. Instead, the organisation depends on the active support and generosity of 3.5 million members, 15 million visitors and 52,000 volunteers, as well as benefactors, tenants and other partners. Simon Murray, Director of Operations, will set out the National Trust’s new approach to engaging citizens in its conservation and environmental work.

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Les organisations volontaires doivent essayer d’être présentes dans la conscience de la société civique. Elles doivent se faire entendre; mais le poids de leur voix augmente sensiblement, si elles ont droit légal à des recours devant les tribunaux. Ainsi les médias deviennent tout naturellement intéressés par les prises de positions, par leurs contenus et les raisons profondes qui les dirigent. Cependant, au droit de recours est attachée une grande responsabilité. Comment oeuvrer pour obtenir et conserver ce droit, comment l’exercer avec efficacité?

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Fortidsminneforeningen is Europe’s oldest NGO in the field of heritage care, having been in uninterrupted activity since 1844. Within the last few years we have experienced a changing society: Society offers an abundance of activities, the population is no longer homogenous, lifelong commitments are changed for short term memberships, tedious work on boards are shunned in favour of project based activities. At the same time we experience an increased interest in cultural heritage. These challenges must be met, and quickly.

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In Italy, the academic and professional practice of Museum Anthropology has frequently crossed its path with that of so-called “spontaneous museography”. Its passionate and charismatic actors, auto-didactic researchers active all over the Country since the Seventies, share the objective of preserving and promoting material and immaterial documentation on the Italian pre-industrial way of life. Simbdea has a long history of dialogue, research, collaboration and reflection on their objectives, aesthetics, methods and realizations. Members of our association are professional, academic as well as “spontaneous” museographers. The reciprocal influence the two fields have had on each other contributed to the enlarged and complex vision of “cultural heritage” that Simbdea “naturally” inherited from its anthropological perspective, and that is distinctive of the stand from which we continue exploring and collaborating to national and international museographic pratice. Such a dialogue still consists in a crucial basis for possible further experimentation and collaboration, as well as for a long-awaited recognition of the significant and vital “alternative heritage” to which, globally, many undisciplined, provocative practices direct our attention.

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Remains of the authentic folk arts and folk culture can still be found in our region, therefore, the collection and recording of these memories before they become lost is an important current issue. Meanwhile, the traditional handicrafts, folk music and folk dance can be kept alive only if enough people are volunteering to take part in such activities. Civil organisations have always been vital in popularizing and maintaining folk arts in Hungary. We review the origins and current state of these organizations, starting as a hardly tolerated movement under the socialist regime, arriving to the problems raised by the globalization in nowadays. The talk will be illustrated by photos and films demonstrating various activities related to folk heritage preservation.

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A handful of citizens of both sides of the Belgium-Dutch border near Maastricht organized themselves in a project group Grensschap Albertkanaal. This civil society group aimed at protecting landscape values by creating 14 artistic landmarks which communicated those values on the spot by creating a specific panoramic gaze on each location. In the process we also tried to create a cross-border feeling of community in an area deeply separated by the border and the Albertkanaal itself. The landscape at both sides of the border of the Albertkanaal near Maastricht was much neglected partly because it was a loose-end type of border area which no authority cared for much except as a place where heavy industry could be located. Yet, it contains many highly valuable cultural and natural values, ranging from the specific geology which formed the landscape and its subsequent history, archeology from the prehistory (traces of the oldest inhabitants both of Vlaanderen and the Netherlands as well as the first farmers), Roman archeology and famous battlefields, both of the early modern period and the Second World War. Those values are preserved in the existing structure of the landscape. Thus, this structure contains many stories, which – if told on the spot – create valuable historical sensations. Our little group of volunteers – 15 in all – succeeded in winning the support of the local authorities, the provincial authorities of both Belgium and Dutch Limburg and eventually the European Union. This resulted in a project budget of €700.000 which we spend in hiring an artist designing and realizing the 14 landmarks and a project bureau to organize the whole process. The project was opened by the Flemish minister of the Interior Mario Ceulen and the Dutch Provincial Government May, 20th, 2008. Since then, the project has proven to have not only cultural and social value but economical as well as it is beginning to play an important role in tourist activities in the region.

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Dans sa finalité, l’inventaire d’identification des acteurs et des expressions du patrimoine culturel immatériel réalisé par le CIOFF Suisse se veut un outil de sauvegarde du patrimoine immatériel relatif aux porteurs de tradition. Les porteurs de traditions sont ceux qui créent, pratiquent et transmettent ce patrimoine. De par la spécificité de leurs expressions, ils sont les partenaires privilégiés du dialogue interculturel au service de la diversité culturelle. L’inventaire de documentation en est le complément indispensable. Le CIOFF suisse est partenaire de la Commission suisse pour l’UNESCO et membre du Groupe de travail gouvernemental pour l’inventaire suisse du patrimoine immatériel. Il s’efforce, par une réflexion opérationnelle différenciée, de contribuer à l’élaboration d’un concept national global d’inventorisation.

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