1. Hamza Hemal
Radiant Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

2. Brand Name
•Trade name
•Given by the Manufacturer company
•To distinguish products from each other.
Example:
ACOS (Radiant)
ZIMAX ( Square)

3. Generic Name
Official medical name for the active
ingredient of the medicine.
Example:
Azithromycin
Esomeprazole
Hamza

4. API
• Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
• Any component that provides
pharmacological activity
Hamza

5. Dosage Form
• A dosage form is the physical form in
which a drug is produced and dispensed.
• Example:
– Tablet,
– Capsule,
– PFS (Powder for Suspension)
– Injection
Hamza

6. Strength
Amount of the active ingredient is present in
each dosage.
Example:
500mg Tablet
200mg/5ml PFS
Hamza

7. Brand Name
Strength
Generic Name
Dosage
Form
Hamza

8. COGS
• Cost of Goods sold
• Raw material + Packaging Material + Utility cost
+ Per head cost
TP
•Trade Price
•COGS + Profit
Invoice Price
TP+ VAT
MRP
Maximum Retail Price
Hamza
TP+ VAT+ Chemist Profit

9. Pharmacodynamics
what the drug does to the body
Pharmacokinetics
what the body does to the drug
Hamza

10. Bioavailability
• Amount of drug that present in blood after
administration.
• INTRAVENOUS Route- Bioavaiability 100%
Hamza

11. Peak Plasma concentration, Cmax
The maximum plasma concentration of the drug
achieved in blood after a dose
Tmax
The time when the
maximum plasma
concentration (Cmax) is
reached.
Hamza

12. Plasma half life/
Elimination Half Life, T1/2
Time necessary for the drug to be reduced to
half of its plasma concentration
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
T1/2

13. Area Under the Curve (AUC)
The area under the plot of plasma concentration of
drug against time after drug administration.

14. MEC
• Minimum Effective Concentration
• The smallest concentration of a drug that will
induce the desired pharmacological effect
MIC
• Minimum inhibitory concentration
• MIC is defined as the minimum
concentration of antibiotic which will inhibit
the growth of the microorganism
Hamza

15. Hamza

16. First pass effect/ First pass metabolism
The removal of a drug by the liver, before the
drug has become available for use, is called
the first pass effect.
Hamza

17. Efficacy
Power or capacity to produce a desired effect
Potency
Amount of drug required to produce a particular
response
Affinity:
Tendency of a drug to combine with receptor
Hamza

18. Therapeutic dose
The dose that may be required to produce a
desired effect.
Sub Therapeutic dose
Indicating a dosage of a drug, less than the amount
required for a therapeutic effect.
Hamza

19. Bacteriostatic
Antibiotics that inhibit the growth or reproduction of
bacteria
Bactericidal
Antibiotic that kills the
bacteria
Hamza

20. Hamza