Bacterial cells have several structures that carry out important functions. These include a cell wall, cell membrane, flagella, pili, cytoplasm, and inclusions. The cell wall provides shape and protection, while the cell membrane acts as a selective barrier. Flagella and pili help with locomotion and adhesion. The cytoplasm contains ribosomes for protein synthesis and DNA in a nucleoid region. Some bacteria also form spores, which are highly resistant resting structures. Bacterial structures and their functions allow cells to survive, move, and carry out essential life processes.

2. Bacterial Cell Structure

18. Organ of bacterial locomotion

20. Structure of the flagellum