1. Integrated Coastal Area Management
Gestion Intégrée des Aires Côtières
Gestión Integrada de Áreas Costeras Alejandro Iglesias-Campos
7 May 2014 – Athens, GR
III UNESCO-GEF IW:LEARN
Groundwater integration Dialogue
“Managing Groundwater in Coastal Areas and SIDS”
IOC-UNESCO:
Integrated Coastal Area
Management and Transboundary
Groundwater Ecosystems
15. i. Developing and codifying the ICAM process,
particularly from a scientific perspective,
ii. Defining scientific requirements/inputs in various
phases of the coastal management cycle.
iii. Development of a set of tools and guidelines for
addressing specific ICAM issues
iv.Bridging natural and socio economic sciences
v. Coupled with Training component
IOC/ICAM
Assisting Member States since 1997
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16. i. Environmental information
ii. Indicators
iii. Decision support tools
iv. Capacity development, consciousness and
public participation.
v. Dissemination of good practices and lessons
learnt.
Pillars of ICAM
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17. i. Increase collective capacity to respond to change and
challenges in coastal and marine environments through further
development of science based management tools such as
Integrated Coastal Area Management, Marine Spatial
Planning, and Large Marine Ecosystem Approach;
ii. Build on IOC’s and UNESCO’s other coastal programmes in
developing Member States’ capacity for the application of
ecosystem-based management tools; and
iii. Promote the integration of climate change adaptation and
coastal hazards preparedness into the application of area-
based management approaches.
IOC-ICAM: Objectives
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19. ICAM help!
Building a strong system of alliances for a new
institutional policy (at local, regional, national
and/or transboundary level)
Having appropriate tools to know the status and
improve the integrated coastal management
model by considering the specific risks of coastal
groundwater.
Achieving the necessary resources to implement
a credible integrated management plan.
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20. Goals
We need to regulate the uses and activities for
the coastal areas from an approach of
sustainability and participation…
…in order to enforce the environmental quality,
the monitoring processes and the evaluation.
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21. How to do it?
• Increase coordination between different
administrations on the coast and implement
collaborative Decision Support Systems.
• Incorporate participatory processes in coastal
management in order to open the debate on
problems and finding solutions to all civil society.
• Increase public awareness on issues affecting
communication campaigns, creation and
maintenance of communication platforms (web,
forums, etc.). For citizens, stakeholders and
politicians!!
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22. •Inventory of Aquifers
•Inventory of Springs &
wells
•Levels in wells network
Detailed information on:
•Permeability
•Vulnerability
•Vulnerable areas to nitrate
pollution from agricultural
sources
•Status and quality
monitoring information
network
No data, no knowledge, no action…
Source: Environmental Information Network of Andalusia, Spain, 2014
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26. 26
SIDS: To be or not to be!
STATUS & Location
Canadá Venezuela
27. SIDS and coastal water threats
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SIDS’ needs IOC contribution
Degradation of coastal marine
environment
How to manage extreme events and
climate variabililty
Sustain and improve the Global Ocean
Observing System to ensure nations
have access to data and information for
adaptation and local DSS.
Need to address transboundary issues Promote the use of transboundary
marine assessments (TWAP)
Coastal water management Promote the use of integrated
management tools such MSP and ICAM
28. SIDS and coastal water threats
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Main questions IOC answers
Reduce the rate of biodiversity loss and
increase coastal/marine protected areas
Identify most vulnerable species and
habitats in need of protection through
the collection of marine biodiversity data
(OBIS)
Baseline coastal/marine research and
mapping
Support the development of coastal/
marine information systems and
atlases.
Data management Support the development of national
oceanographic data centers
In Europe there are five countries that can be considered water-stressed based on the Eurostat data available for the period 1998-2007 (Cyprus, Belgium, Spain, Italy and Malta), representing about 19.5% of Europe's population. Based on the 2007 available data Cyprus (64%) and Belgium (32%) have the highest WEI. However, it is necessary to take into account the high water abstraction for non-consumptive uses (cooling water) in Belgium which results in its high WEI. Most of the water abstracted in the remaining three water-stressed countries (Spain, Italy and Malta) is for consumptive uses (especially irrigation) and there is therefore higher pressure on water resources in these three countries.
All economic sectors need water for their development. Agriculture, industry and most forms of energy production are not possible if water is not available. In Europe as a whole, 37 % of freshwater abstraction is for cooling in energy production, followed by agriculture, 33 %; public water supply, 20 %; and industry, 10 % (Fig. 2). In southern Europe agriculture accounts for more than half of total national abstraction, rising to more than 80 % in some countries, while in Western Europe more than half of water abstracted is used for cooling in energy production
These sectors differ significantly in their consumptive use of water. Almost all water used as cooling water in energy production is returned. In contrast, the consumption of water through crop growth and evaporation typically means that only about 30 % of the amount abstracted for agriculture is returned.