1. Biomass Resource
Management and Utilization

2. Biomass Residue
Direct Application
• Incorporation
• In-situ composting
• Mulch
• Animal Beddings
•Landfill
Value Adding
• Mushroom
production
• Vermi culture
• Fuel
Processing
• Carbonization
• Composting
• Organic fertilizer
production
• Feed
Formulation
• Bio-based
products
AGRICULTURE
SYSTEM
Ways in managing biomass

3. In-site composting
• Rice straw and other farm
biomass residues can be
composted right in the field
using EM microbial
inoculant
• The use of biomass or
organic materials improves
soil quality and reduce
chemical fertilizers
• Simple, practical and
economical
In-situ composting of rice straw

4. In site Composting of Rice Straw
Methods
• Spread rice straw in the field after
plowing
• Apply 100 kg EMBI over the rice
straw then spray 5 liters extended
EM solution (EMAS) per hectare.
• Maintain water level at least 2cm
level.
• Harrow the field after 5-7 days to
mix the rice straw to decompose
• Harrow again the field after 5-7
days.
• Spray 1 liter EMAS during final
harrowing.
Results
• Enhance straw
incorporation and
decomposition.
• Soil becomes soft and
friable.
• Reduce the effect of toxic
acids to crops.
• Reduce fertilizer
requirements.
Note: No need to apply EMBI if
you use EM Organic or
fermented animal manure

5. Rapid composting using EM Technology
preparation Microbial inoculation
Composting Quality evaluation
Activators
• Produce compost in just
2-3 weeks
• Easy and practical
methods
• Results comparable
with other compost
activators

6. Composting with EM Technology
Methods
• Mix rice straw (7 parts),
grasses (2 parts),
manure (1 part) and
100 g EMBI/kg
materials.
• While mixing, water the
material with EMAS
(1:10 dilution rate) until
MC is about 40-50%.
• Pile the materials and
cover it with sack or
plastic materials.
• Turn the materials after
1 week. Water it with
Extended EM solution if
necessary.
• The material is ready
for use after 2-3 weeks.
Analysis
OM (32.8%), pH (7.6),
N (2.05%), P (0.30%),
K (27.56 meq/100g

7. Biomass resource recovery system
AGRICULTURE
SYSTEM
MICROBIAL
INOCULANT
BIOMASS RESIDUE
FERMENTATION
PROCESS
•Microbial inoculant
SHREDDING &
BULKING PROCESS
•Additives
FERMENTATION-DECOMPOSITION
& CURING PROCESS
FERMENTED PRODUCTS
•Foliar fertilizer
•Feed supplement
•Compost
BIOORGANIC
FERTILIZER
FEEDS
PROCESSING & PACKAGING ADDITIVES
HOUSEHOLD
Model
COMMUNITY/
COMMERCIAL
Model

8. Fermented kitchen garbage
• EM Technology converts
kitchen garbage into quality
fertilizer and feed
supplement through
fermentation-decomposition
process
• Stand longer time with no
foul odor and maggots.

9. Fermented kitchen garbage
• Chop kitchen garbage
(vegetable trimmings, fruit
peels, fish entrails, meat
scraps and left over
foods).
• Add EMBI at 100g/kg
garbage
• Place in container with
drain plug. Press and
cover.
• Ferment for 5-7 days.
• Remove leacheate
regularly.
Uses
• Substrate for compost
• Organic fertilizer
• Feed supplement
• Leacheate as foliar
fertilizer
Analysis
pH (5.6), NH4N (0.73%), N
(3.36%), P (0.38%), K
(8.62%)
Fermented product have a
sweet sour smell like
pickles

10. EM Fermented Manure
Methods
• Animal manure mixed
with MBI (100g/kg).
• Watered with EM
solution (5% EM 1 & 5%
molasses) until MC is
about 40%.
• Mound the material,
cover it with plastic or
sack then fermented for
5 days.
Results
• Foul odor removed
• Quality improved
Analysis
pH : 6.03, N : 2.43%, P : 0.33%,
K: 26.3%, MC: 5.0%

11. SHREDDING &
BULKING PROCESS
FERMENTATION-DECOMPOSITION
& CURING PROCESS
BIOORGANIC
FERTILIZER
FEEDS
PROCESSING & PACKAGING
ADDITIVES
• Fish emulsion
• Blood emulsion
• Rock phosphate
• Lime
• Femented effluent
• etc
MICROBIAL
INOCULANT
• CARBONIZED RICE HULL
• EM INOCULANT
• RICE BRAN
• MANURE
• Anaerobic
Condition
• Moisture <40%
• <50oC Temperature
PROCESS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER
PRODUCTION

12. Bio-organic fertilizer production
Bioorganic fertilizer production
• Utilizes local
materials
• Practical, fast &
economical
• Follows the
fermentation-
decomposition
process
• No foul odor

13. Production of EM Bioorganic Fertilizer
Methods
• Mix animal manure ( 4 parts) CRH (3
parts), Rice bran (2 parts) and
garden soil (1part).
• Add 100 g MBI/kg materials and
water it with EM solution (5% EMAS
& 5% molasses) until MC is about
30-40%.
• Pile the materials, cover and ferment
it for 2 weeks.
Note: Maintain temperature not more
than 60o
C
Analysis
pH : 4.92
N : 1.7%
P : 0.185%
K : 10.44%
MC : 5.75%

14. N content and C:N ratio of Selected organic
materials
Animal Wastes %N C:N Ratio
Urine
Blood
Fish scraps
Poultry manure
Pig manure
Cow manure
Farm yard manure
Night soil
15-18
10-14
6.5-10
6.3
3.8
1.7
2.15
5.5-6.5
0.8
3
5.1
-
-
18
14
6-10

15. Nitrogen content…
Plant Biomass %N C:N Ratio
Grass clippings
Sea weed
Straw
Sawdust
Legumes
2.4
1.9
1.1
0.1
2.4-3
19
19
48
511
16-20

16. Nitrogen content…
Household wastes %N C:N Ratio
Raw garbage
Bread
Vegetable trimmings
2.2
2.1
1.5
25
-
25

17. • Foliar fertilizers and Fertilizer and Feed
additives
– Fish emulsion
– Blood emulsion
– Urine emulsion
– Sea weeds extract
– Animal effluent emulsion
• Insect repellant & anti-feedant
– Fermented plant extracts
– Smoke tar
Production of Bio-based products

18. EM formulations
• EM-1 is the original
formulation. General
purpose formula for soil
and plant inoculant,
compost starter,
deodorizer, waste water
treatment, drinking
additives and for making
other EM formulations
such as EMAS & FPE.

19. EM formulations
• EM microbial base inoculant
(EMBI) is fermented organic
materials such as rice bran,
cocodust, sawdust, CRH or
other organic materials. Use as
soil inoculant, compost starter,
nutrient source and feed
supplement. 1:1 ratio of organic
materials and CRH + 5% EM 1
and 5% molasses fermented for
5-7 days.

20. EM formulations
• EM activated solution (EMAS)
is the reactivated EM. Use as
soil and plant inoculant,
compost starter supplement,
waste water treatment and
deodorizer. Mix 3% EM 1 and
3% molasses in 94% water
then ferment the solution
anaerobically for 1 week.

21. Applications
• Soil inoculant. EM 1 or EME is applied into the soil
• Plant inoculant. EM is sprayed or sprinkled to the
plants.
• Seed inoculant. Soak seed in 1:1000 dilution rate.
The length of time depends on seed size. Small
seeds is soak for 2-4 hrs, medium seeds, 8-12 hrs
and larger seeds or with hard shells for 1-2 days.
• Compost starter. EMBI, EM 1, EMAS enhance
decomposition
• Deodorizer/Sterilizer. Remove foul odor, reduce
flies. Decontaminates water

22. Other applications of EM
• Crop Maintenance
• Animal health care
• Fish pond
maintenance
• Solid and waste
water treatment
• Homecare
• Industrial

23. Bioremediation of toxicants in biomass
wastes
• EM microbial inoculant
reduced the amount of
heavy metals (lead,
cadmium and mercury)
spiked in biomass
wastes during two-week
period of fermentation.

24. Bioremediation of Heavy Metals Using
EM
Methods
• Kitchen garbage spiked with 10
ppm Lead and 2 ppm Cadmium
• MBI was inoculated at 100g/kg
waste
• Materials fermented for 7 days
• Extraction and analysis was
done before treatment and at 7,
20 and 30 days after treatment
Results
– 20-70% reduction
of Lead
concentration
– 20-90% reduction
of Cadmium
concentration