1. Pigeonpea
in
Tropical Legumes-II
(Objective 6)
Annual Review & Planning Meeting, Bamako, Mali.
November 17, 2009

2. An ideal plant for sustainable
agriculture
• Food, Feed
• Fuel-wood, Fodder
• Bio – fertilizer
• Nutrient recycling
• Drought tolerant
• Performs in low fertility

3. It is a different legume
Photo-period sensitive Out-crossing

4. Global area, production, & yield

5. Key Partners
ASIA ESA
ICRISAT- Patancheru, • ICRISAT- Nairobi
PDKV- Akola, Mah. • SARI- Arusha, TNZ
• IARI- Ilonga, TNZ
ANGRAU- Hyderabad,
• CARS - Lilongwe,
Malawi

6. Project Locations in India
Maharashtra
Akola
Washim
Andhra Pradesh
Rangareddy
Mahab’nagar

7. Project Locations ESA
1. anzania
T
• Babati & Karatu
districts
2. Malawi
• Southern and central

8. Outputs Methodologies
Farmer preferred Participatory variety selection
varieties (M &B trials), farmers’ opinion
Drought Eval. at expt stn. in rain-fed
tolerance* areas*
Wilt + SM dis. Screening in sick plots with
resistance >95% disease incidence
Insect resistance Choice / no-choice conditions
Yield Hybrid breeding, seed prodn
enhancement tech, & on-farm evaluation,
link’s with seed companies

9. OUTPUT : FARMER
PREFERRED VARIETIES
Progress : Milestone achieved
Seed distribution
under progress
Participn: Asia = 978, ESA = 1554

10. FPVS Trials, A. P.
Mother trials: 4
Design : 3 Reps
Entries : 6 +1
Baby trials : 16
Entries : 2 + 1

11. Varieties Preferred in
Ranga Reddy A.P.
- PRG 158
• Asha
(n = 407)

12. Varieties Preferred in Mahabubnagar,
A.P.
1. Asha
2. PRG 158
(n = 295 )

13. FPVS Trials, Mah
Mother trials: 6
Reps :2
Entries : 7 +2
Baby trials: 16
Entries : 2 + 1

14. Varieties Preferred in Maha
(n = 276)
1. PKV
Trombay
2. AKT 8811
( n = 276 )

15. PVS in Tanzania
49 FPVS (6 var) with 1554 farmers (30% W)
Farmer preferred varieties :
ICEAPs 00053, 040, 936, & 932

16. PVS in Malawi
South Malawi, 27 FPVS Centl Malawi
Preferred Var:: ICEAP 00577 26 FPVS
00926
Preferred var.
01514/15,
01167/11,
01162/21

17. Preferred Traits in India
Andhra Pradesh Maharashtra
High grain yield (-do-) + good vigor*
Round medium (-do-) + brown seed*
bold grains
Resistance to (-do-)
Fusarium wilt
Resistance to SM (-do-)
Easy milling* Pod borer resist*

18. Preferred Traits in ESA
Malawi Tanzania
High yield -do-
large cream -do-
seeds
Fusarium -do-
resistance
Early maturity -do-

19. Drought Screening
Progress: On-going (Adv lines )
ICRISAT : 50 lines eva. (2+1* prom)
PDKV Akola : 32 lines eva. (no sel)
ANGRAU : 52 lines eva. (1+1* prom)

20. Disease Resistance
• CRISAT: 327 lines
I
Adv lines : 85 (18)
R- lines : 192 (22)
A- & B- lines : 50 (12)
• Akola : 30 lines
• Hyd’bad : 90 lines
Yr. 2 screening in progress

21. New wilt resistant lines bred
Tanzania (5)
Acc 74,128, 125, 130 & 135
Malawi (9)
ICEAP # 01203, 01197, 01179,
01160, 01392, 00933, 00040,
00926 & 01499/7

22. Pod Borer Screening
Yr 1. Field screening completed
• 146 germplasm accessions
19 inter-specific derivatives
107 prog (ICPW 94 x ICP 28 )
• Promising germplasm
ICP 995, ICP 1279, ICP 6128, ICP 8840,
ICP 10397, ICP 8863, ICP 332, ICPL 187-1

23. Capacity Enhancement
Maharashtra
• 45 training programs (896 M +
30 W)
• 7 Field days (330 M + 21 W)
Andhra Pradesh
• 8 Trng prog (1213 M + 296 W)
• 5 Field days (284 M + 48 W)
• One training workshop (250 M
+70 W),
• 31 resource persons trained.

24. Capacity Enhancement- contd..
Malawi
• Grain Legume Task Force meeting in March 2009.
• Trained 50 frontline extension staff trained (43 males
and 7 females)
Tanzania
• 6200 farmers(40% F) trained
• Agronomy training to 8 farmers groups, 22
extension officers
• ToT training for 14 stakeholders in BS and value
chain

25. Capacity Enhancement
 One female Ph.D. student from
Tanzania registered with Sokoine
University of Agriculture
 Two Ph.D. students from MAU
Parbhani, and OU have started
research program

26. Farmer Friendly Literature-ESA
Malawi
• Manual for pigeonpea production in
English & Chichewa published
Tanzania
• A draft information bulletin in
Kiswahili is in progress in Tanzania.

27. Information Bulletins- Asia
1. Tur Lagwad Aani Bijotpadan
Tantragyan (Pigeonpea
cultivation and seed
production technology).
2. Tur Lagwad Tantragyan (Pigeonpea
cultivation technology).
3. Kandi Eittanotpattialo Melakuvalu
(Pigeonpea seed production
technology).
4. Kandi Panta Yajamanya Paddatiulu
(Package of practices for
pigeonpea).
5. Kandi Samagra Sasyarakshna (IPM
technology in pigeonpea).

28. Breeding Hybrids
for High Yield
• Major activities
- evaluation (MLT + OFT)
- breeding new parents/hybrids
- training
- links with seed sector

29. Hybrids at pre-release stage
ICPH – 2671 & ICPH 2740
• Marketed by
seed
companies
• Medium
duration
• Resistant to
diseases
Yield Gains in OFTs 20 – 90 %

30. Yield of ICPH 2671 in MLTs
(n=43)

31. Yield of ICPH 2740 in MLTs
(n=33)

32. Large - scale OFTs, 2008
States No of Area (ha) Mean yield (kg ha-1)
farmers
% Adv
Hybrid Check
Mah 109 42 1031 754
36.7
A.P. 299 121 792 674
17.5
Karnataka 95 92 1131 951
18.9
M.P. 360 82 1280 1062
20.5
Total 863 337 ha 1058 860 23.0

33. New Promising Hybrids
Medium-duration
ICPH 3464 , ICPH 2740, ICPH 3462,
ICPH 3341, ICPH 4022, ICPH 4020
Short-duration
ICPH 2433, ICPH 2431, ICPH 2438
Standard Heterosis up to 150%

34. Marker – based purity test
• Parental lines Hyb loc 1
tested for
polymorphism with
148 SSRs Hyb loc 2
• Two markers CMS line
(CCB4 & CCttc006)
used for hybridity
R- line
confirmation
Micro-satellite polymorphism between
parental lines and hybrids
Linkage between genomics &

35. Lessons Learnt
 Develop region - specific hybrids/varieties
 Study abiotic stresses (drought and water-
logging ) to address challenges of climate
 Phytophthora blight becoming important
 Broad-based training of farmers essential
 Enhance links with seed comp
 Enhance links with genomics

36. Challenges Strategies (ASIA)
Yield plateau Breed high-yielding hybrids
Narrow planting Photo –thermal insensitivity
window
Insect damage Introgression from wild spp
Seed quality Maintenance breeding
Water-logging Identify resistant genotypes
Drought Extra-early lines, hybrids
Pb, Fusarium wilt, Use DOMINANT gene for
wilt resis; new res sources

37. Challenges Strategies (ESA)
Yield Breed high-yielding var.
Inadequate Better leverage &
Goverment
support representation
Insect damage Introgression
Demand & supply Strengthen seed system
gap
Linkages among Strength linkages
stakeholders
Training Enhance opportunities

38. Vision for Phase II
 Introduce pigeonpea in new niches (low &
med hills)
 Expand FP- varieties in project areas
 Enhance genetic variability by exploiting
- Genes from wild species
- African x Asian origin crosses
 Initiate research on water- logging & early
season drought

39. Vision for Hybrid Breeding
- increase area**
- diversify parents**
- expand partnership base**
- Introduce hybrid tech. in ESA
- specific training (students, seed
production, quality maintenance)
- Use genomics tools (one crop / year)

40. Low and mid hills
(up to 2200 m)
A potential niche
for
expanding pigeonpea area
Potential area = >500,000 ha
Technology is available

41. Example;; Nainital, 1630 m

42. Rudrap’g, Pigeonpea at 2200 m

43. Thanks
for your attention