Abeokuta wind energy presentation 31 oct 2012

WIND ENERGY FOR POWER
GENERATION IN NIGERIA
An Invited Paper by
R. ’Layi Fagbenle, FNSE
Professor of Mech. Eng.
Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife

31 Oct. 2012 June 12 Cultural Prof. Layi Fagbenle – 2012 1
Centre , Abeokuta, Ogun State
Nigeria Alternative Expo

Africa’s First Wind Farm
• The 10 MW wind park in Rimi Village in Katsina
State is Africa’s first wind farm consisting of 37
wind turbines (HAWT) of the type Vergnet GEV MP
C 275 kW.
• Terrawatt Planungsgesellschaft mbH won the RFP
for technical consultancy services and construction
supervision for the wind power project .
• The project is currently in the installation phase
which I saw as I passed through Rimi Village on my
way to Katsina in early September for the
International Conference on Renewable Energy
31 Oct. 2012 June 12 Prof. Layi Fagbenle – 2012 2
Cultural Centre , Nigeria Alternative Expo

Wind pumps and wind electricity
pilot projects in Nigeria
• Wind pumps were relatively common in
Northern Nigeria in the 1950s and 1960s
and these were the multi-vane type
windmills as opposed to the 3-bladed wind
turbines in Rimi Village.
• Two pilot wind electricity projects in
Sokoto State of 5 kWp and 0.75 kWp


Wind Resource in Nigeria
• According to the Renewable Energy
Master Plan (REMP), Nigeria falls into the
poor to moderate wind regime.
• Wind speeds range from1 to 3 m/s in the
southern areas to 4 to 5.12 m/s in the
extreme north based on NIMET data taken
at 10m heights.
• However, wind turbine hub heights can be
50m and higher and hence need for data
at such heights is crucial

Wind Resource in Nigeria
• According to the REMP, studies at 10m
height NIMET data show that exploitable
wind energy varying from 8 MWh/yr in
Yola to 51 MWh/yr in Jos and as high as
97 MWh/yr in Sokoto.
• Besides the inland winds, Nigeria’s littoral
States have to realize the huge potential
at their backyards in offshore wind turbine
farms. Thus there is also need for data in
these sites which have great promise.

Wind Research
• Considerable wind energy research has
been undertaken and continues to be
undertaken in Nigeria, most based on
NIMET 10m height anemometers.
• While these can be fitted to boundary
layer distributions such as the Weibull
distribution, actual data is sorely required
at 50 to 80 m heights or even higher.


Wind Research
• To conclude this issue of research,
mention needs be made of the Laymeyer
International work on wind power at 10
sites in Nigeria in about a decade ago for
the Federal Min of Science and Tech.


Is wind for electricity production
possible in Nigeria or Africa?
Going by present statistics, only Egypt,
Kenya, Morocco and South Africa has
been able to produce considerable
electricity from Renewable sources

Kenya is the leading nation for wind power
production in Africa


Is opportunity for production of electricity
from wind available in Africa?: The case
for WEST AFRICA
- It has been recognized through satellite
data that West Africa has enormous
potential for wind and solar electricity
production
- The degree of resources is capable of
lighting up the whole sub-Saharan region

Why then is there no local or foreign
investment in wind power production?


POTENTIAL
RESOURCE
ASSESSMENTS

WIND HARDWARE
ENERGY FOR
GENERATION
TECHNOLOG
Vertical Axis
Y DISTRIBUTION Wind turbine
Horizontal Axis
Wind turbine
Stand Grid Connection
Alone


- Lack of adequate measurements/complete
assessment studies
- Improper wind classification of the countries
- No popular wind map of Nigeria, West Africa
or Africa as we have for states in U.S,
Countries in Europe etc.
- No predictive models for wind power
forecasting


The Need of the present:
• Carry out complete resource assessment
using available National data

• Proper classification of wind distribution in
Nigeria and identify potential areas for
wind farm establishment


Jos as a case study
Range = 7.7
to 10.1 m/s

Range = 0.6
to 15.4 m/s

Range = 6.2
to 11.8 m/s


94.8% data were
from 6m/s and above


Up to 80% data
ranged from 7.9 to
10.3 m/s

Average values
ranged from 7.8 to
11.4 m/s


Range (vmp)= 5.3 to 10.4 m/s; (vemax) =
8.8 to 21.4 m/s

Range = 540.2 to 3677.1 W/m2 m/s

July to September have the least wind
power potential

Range of Values relating to important
Results at 10 m height for the nation

Estimate
Zone Vactual σactual Vweibull σweibull k c Vmp VEmax d Power
North 1.9 - 0.5 - 2.6 - 0.5 - 1.4 - 2.8 - 1.8 - 3.3 - 19.2 -
West 10.6 3.4 9.9 4.4 10.1 10.7 10.3 13.6 1424.4
North 2.4 - 0.5 - 2.4 - 0.6 - 1.3 - 2.7 - 1.0 - 3.3 - 28.0 -
East 7.3 4.2 8.1 4.2 7.6 9.0 7.1 15.3 1296.7
North 2.2 - 0.4 - 2.2 - 0.4 - 1.4 - 2.5 - 1.9 - 2.8 - 16.4 -
Central 10.1 3.7 11.4 7.4 12.0 12.7 10.4 21.4 3677.1
South 1.2 - 0.2 - 1.1 - 0.3 - 1.3 - 1.3 - 0.4 - 2.2 - 3.6 -
West 5.8 1.9 5.8 6.3 14.2 6.3 6.2 8.6 320.3
South 2.7 - 0.4 - 2.7 - 0.5 - 2.3 - 2.9 - 2.9 - 3.1 - 23.6 -
East 6.7 9.2 6.7 4.3 9.8 7.1 7.0 12.4 593.3
South - 1.7 - 0.3 - 1.7 - 0.3 - 1.6 - 1.8 - 1.7 - 1.9 - 5.2 -
South 2012 June 121.6
31 Oct.
4.9 4.9Prof. Layi Fagbenle – 2012 5.1
2.5 10.9 5.1 7.1 147.9
19

END
• Thank you very much for your kind and patient
attention to this presentation


Abeokuta wind energy presentation 31 oct 2012

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