2. Agenda
2
■ Goal of this presentation
■ Comparsion Europe – Africa
■ Problems
□ Education
□ Power supply
□ GSM Networks
□ Financing
■ Famous projects
□ One laptop per child
□ Mobile money
□ Grameen Bank
■ Conclusion
3. Goal of this presentation
3
■ Giving some insides about development countries
■ What do you have to keep in mind when developing software for
third world countries
■ Current trends in development aid
4. Comparsion Europe vs. Africa
4
Europe Africa
Population 731,000,000 922,011,000
Area 10,180,000 km2 30,221,532 km2
Pop. Density 31 70
Countries 50 53
power supply N/A 37,00%
mobile phone users 93.7%(EU) 5,00%
7. Flynn effect
7
■ The Flynn effect is the rise of the average
intelligence quotient (IQ) test scores over generations (IQ
gains over time)
■ Average IQ by region:
East Asians – 105
Europeans – 99
sub-Saharan - 67
Based on Reynolds et al. 1987, p. 330
8. Power supply europe
8
■ Germany
□ 5597
■ France
□ 6017
■ Spain
□ 4299
■ Consumption in kW pro
year per capita
Source: Gini Global Energy Network Insitute
9. Power supply africa
9
■ Kenya
□ 640
■ Ethiopia
□ 370
■ Conclusion:
□ With the power of one
german we can supply
9 kenyians
Source: Gini Global Energy Network Insitute
13. Financing
13
■ UNCTAD (2000) estimated that the annual total capital inflows of
$9.5 billion to sub-Saharan Africa at the time had to be doubled
over the next ten years in order to raise the investment
14. 14
What can be done with this point of departure?
16. Vision: OLPC
16
Mission Statement: To create educational opportunities for the
world's poorest children by providing each child with a rugged,
low-cost, low-power, connected laptop with content and
software designed for collaborative, joyful, self-empowered
learning. When children have access to this type of tool they
get engaged in their own education. They learn, share, create,
and collaborate. They become connected to each other, to the
world and to a brighter future.
17. Hardware
17
■ Ruggedized for extrem
environments
■ Wireless meshing possibility
■ Build speaker, microphone and
camera for social activities
■ Build in gaming control
buttons
■ Low power consumption
■ Overall cheap hardware
■ Possibility to power with a
solar panel
■ Power consumption is 2 W
19. Mobile Money
19
■ Lack of banks pushes Africans to cellphone cash
■ Market forecast to reach 900 million people by 2014
■ Phone operators see m-cash as tool for 'stickiness'
■ In Africa phone firms, not banks, lead the way
■ Only one in five people have bank accounts
■ mobile phones are spreading extremely fast: to 270 million in
2007 from just 50 million in 2003, according to industry
association GSMA.
20. Grameen Bank
20
■ Grameen Bank (GB) has reversed conventional banking
practice by removing the need for collateral and
created a banking system based on mutual trust,
accountability, participation and creativity
■ As of May, 2009, it has 7.86 million borrowers, 97
percent of whom are women. With 2,556 branches, GB
provides services in 84,388 villages, covering more than
100 percent of the total villages in Bangladesh.
21. Grameen Bank
21
■ Easy messages to people
■ It communicates 16 decisions. Here is the first one:
22. Conclusion
22
■ Help is possible
■ Keep it simple
□ Keep it even more simple
■ Scale your solution
■ Easy things work
23. Sources
23
1. https://www.cs.tcd.ie/publications/tech-reports/reports.03/TCD-CS-2003-24.pdf
2. http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL6977618
3. http://www.gsmworld.com/roaming/GSM_WorldPoster2008A.pdf
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe
6. http://research.nokia.com/research/labs/teams/nokia_research_africa
7. http://www.infrastructureafrica.org/
8. http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/national_energy_grid/europe/graphics/euro_trans.GIF
9. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_energy_consumption_per_capita
10. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flynn_effect
12. http://www.brookings.edu/views/papers/dickens/20060619_IQ.pdf
13. Lynn, R. and Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the wealth of nations. Westport, CT: Praeger.
ISBN 0-275-97510-X
14. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_and_intelligence
15. The state of data communication networks in Africa: an overview
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=307607.307616
24. Sources
24
16. Financing Africa’s Future G rowth and Development: Some
I nnovations, E rnest Aryeetey
17. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OL PC _X O-1
18. http://www.laptop.org/en/
