RVL language for visualizing RDFS/OWL data

1. HTWK Leipzig / IMN ; TU Dresden / SMT / Softwaretechnology Group Towards RVL: a Declarative Language for Visualizing RDFS/OWL Data HSWI Workshop at WIMS ‘13, June 14th 2013 Jan Polowinski (jan dot polowinski at tu-dresden dot de)

2. Clarification – What do we mean by „Visualizing“? • Not: Structuring data into textual documents + Formatting / Styling 2/30 • But: Visual encoding: Define what data relations correspond to what graphic relations Source: http://www.w3.org/2005/04/ fresnel-info/manual/#foafExample

3. Overall Goal: Reusable, Shareable Visual Mappings 3/30 Visualization authors can share and reuse „good“ visualization settings and take their settings to other tools! Visualization Author Author of a domain ontology (just finished modelling) Domain ontology authors can propose visualization settings!

4. 4/30 Outline • Principle of RVL • Analysis: Requirements of RVL (Summary) • Main constructs • Composition • Open Issues • (Prototype RVL editors)

5. The Principle of RVL Based on RDFS/OWL itself WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 5/30

6. Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL 6/30 Analysis of • 3 domains: Life sciences, software requirements, publication • 7 ontologies • Frequently used concepts

7. Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL 7/30 Analysis of Visualisation Literature .. • Graphic concepts + relations • Formalized as ontology: http://purl.org/viso/graphic/

8. Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL 8/30 Analysis for ... • Common graphic representations • Identification of 12 Visualisation Cases (VC)

9. Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL 9/30 Examples for Visualization Cases: • VC1 - Create a graphic object per resource. • VC2 - Map to Graphic Attributes. • VC5 - Define simple interactions. • VC10 - Draw legends and labeled axes. • VC11 - Define styles.

10. Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL 10/30 Deduction of 14 Language Requirements (LR) • Examples ...

11. • LR-2: Multiple Visual Structures 11/30 Examples of Concrete Language Requirements: WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

12. • LR-2: Multiple Visual Structures • LR-6: Platform Independence 12/30 Examples of Concrete Language Requirements: WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

13. • LR-2: Multiple Visual Structures • LR-6: Platform Independence • LR-12: Composability of Mappings 13/30 Examples of Concrete Language Requirements:

15. WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

16. RVL – Main Constructs UML-Style Class Diagramm (simplified) 14/30

18. Property Mappings 15/30

24. Value Mappings • Simple case: 1-to-1 explicit, manual mapping of discrete values

25. 17/30

28. common-‐shapes: Star common-‐shapes: Circle common-‐shapes: Triangle ex:EventClass ex:Loca9onClass ex:PersonClass VALUE MAPPINGS PROPERTY M.

29. Value Mappings • Simple case: 1-to-1 explicit, manual mapping of discrete values • Calculated value mappings • Default: map whole range of source values to the whole range of target values • Source and target values can be refined ... 1 00

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44. Value Mappings • Simple case: 1-to-1 explicit, manual mapping of discrete values • Calculated value mappings • Default: map whole range of source values to the whole range of target values • Source and target values can be refined ... • Order / Scale of measurement can be re(de)fined ... 1 00

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61. Composition of Visual Mappings 21/30 • Simultaneous Composition • Mappings all applied independently • Trivial, except perceptional constraints (!) • Context Composition • Mapping only applies for a specific context • Created by another mapping WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

62. Context Composition of Visual Mappings +

63. Mapping to „Color“ 22/30 Mapping to „Linking“

65. Mapping to „Linking“ + # Mapping to „Color“ on the „Connector“

66. WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 23/30

69. Complete Example – Composed Mapping WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 25/30

70. Complete Example – Composed Mapping 26/30

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80. Which Visualisation Cases are Covered?  Most, except: • Interaction  Ideas exist • Complex „Standard“ Graphics • Example: How to describe a TreeMap and the associated algorithms? • Reference a concept „TreeMap“? • Keep flexibility of composition  Current focus • Integration of Formatting and Styling  Fresnel + CSS WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 34/30

81. Summary • We introduced a novel Language for visualizing RDFS/OWL data • Rich capabilities to describe visual encodings • Itself based on Semantic web standards à Mappings have URIs • Defaults allow for quickly handling common situations • Design driven by concrete mapping situations • Many mapping situations already covered • Multitude of domains suggests some universality WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 35/30

82. Future Work • Further evaluate RVL  Tooling WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 36/30

83. Two Prototypes for RVL Editing ... WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 37/30

84. TopBraid Composer-based Prototype 38/30

85. OntoWiki-based Prototype WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 39/30

86. Future Work • Further evaluate RVL  Tooling • Cover remaining visualisation cases 40/30

87. Thank you for your attention!  http://purl.org/rvl/ jan dot polowinski at tu-dresden dot de PLEASE DISCUSS HERE OR OFFLINE: Schema of RVL Relation to Fresnel Advanced mapping compositions 41/30 BACKUP SLIDES à

88. Acknowledgements • This research has been co-funded by the European Social Fond / Free State of Saxony, contract no. 80937064 and 1330674013 (eScience – network). 42/26 BACKUP SLIDES à

89. BACKUP SLIDES

90. Calculated Value Mappings 44/30

91. Graphic Attributes and Graphic-Object-to-Object- Relations Graphic Attributes (GA) • Lightness, Shape, Size, Named Colors Graphic-Object-to-Object- Relations (GOTOR) • Linking Undirected • Relative Position • Separation by a Separator à Formalised as VISO Ontology http://purl.org/viso/ 45/30

92. B0#-!)E.;(=( I'-*!***(DJ( How to visualise beyond node-link diagrams? Types B0#-!)E.;( F( B0#-!)E.;( G( B0#-!)E.;( H( B0#-!)E.;(D( B0#-!)E.;( C( B0#-!)E.;(=( A builds on B … B0#-!)E.;(D( B0#-!)E.;(C( I!.;K%+*(=L( !%-EM*(DJ( can be seen as an area connector 46/30 C#)**( D../(=( D../(=(

93. Use interaction 47/30 sharesAuthorWith - Interaction B0#-!)E.;(D( N!1+-'$( B.#.O-;*/-( P.1);;*( B0#-!)E.;(D( D)!1( B.#.O-;*/-( P.1);;*( B0#-!)E.;(D( .-Q$( B.#.O-;*/-( B0#-!)E.;(D( D)!1( B.#.O-;*/-( R)++%( Selecting multiple authors

94. RVL – Main Constructs

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115. RVL Schema • What is a valid Mapping in RVL? • SPIN Constraints used to describe Attributes, Defaults, ... • Cardinality CS • Type CS • What is an effective mapping? • Consistent handling of constraints which are based on VISO/facts is possible 49/30

RVL language for visualizing RDFS/OWL data

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