2. Antimicrobial Resistance: a global issue
Cause of considerable mortality
Greatly increases care costs and productivity losses
Impediment to control of infectious diseases
Jeopardizes healthcare gains for individuals and society
Treat to international travel and trade
Dwindling options for treatment of the infectious diseases
3. Mortality & Cost
25,000 deaths/year in hospitals Europe
63,000 year in USA in outpatients
Mortality due to AMR in community settings
Mortality in developing countries
1.5 billion € for the EU region
25-35 billion USD: total additional costs of the US hospitals
Costs for the individuals, families and societies hard to quantify
4. Cost of AMR
Containing antimicrobial resistance. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2005, WHO Policy Perspectives on Medicines, No.
10 (http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2005/WHO_PSM_ 2005.1.pdf, accessed 9 January 2012).
5. Treat to global health
290,000 new multidrug resistance (MDR) TB cases in 2010
Malaria: Emergence of Artemisinin resistance
HIV: 10%-20% of the resistance rates to anti HIV regimens in the US
and Europe
Increasing spread of common bacterial infections resistant to
antibiotics in health care settings, communities and across borders
7. WHO global response
WHO Global Strategy for Containment of
AMR (2001)
WHO Regional Committee Resolutions
(e.g. AFRO, PAHO, SEARO)
World Health Assembly Resolutions
WHD 2011 Six Point Policy Package
8. WHO actions
Promote the sharing of information about, understanding of
resistance and coordination of actions to control the spread of AMR
Raise awareness of the problems posed by antimicrobial resistance
Build consensus on the methods of AMR surveillance and control
Provide strategic and technical guidance on interventions to contain
resistance
Assist Member States to implement these interventions
Stimulate innovation and research to improve understanding of
antimicrobial resistance and to encourage research and development
of new drugs, vaccines and diagnostics
