CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish, Value for Money
1. CGIAR
is
a
global
research
partnership
for
a
food
secure
future
Livestock
and fish value for money proposition
‘More meat, milk and fish by and for the poor’
Theory
of
change
Focus
Meat,
milk
and
fish
are
cri@cal
to
poor
people
as
food
and
income.
They
provide
cri@cal
inputs
in
the
people’s
diets,
especially
those
who
are
malnourished.
The
challenge
is
to
ensure
the
poor
can
have
be4er
access
to
enough
and
affordable
animal-‐source
foods
as
popula@ons
increase,
resources
for
producing
them
become
more
constrained
and
demand
for
these
foods
rises.
Part
of
the
solu@on
will
come
from
increased
produc@vity
in
the
small-‐scale
produc@on
and
marke@ng
systems
that
many
poor
rely
on
for
their
animal-‐source
foods.
We
iden@fy
opportuni@es
to
improve
and
transform
these
systems
to
be4er
meet
the
needs
of
the
poor.
Key
elements
of
our
approach
are:
• A
whole
value
chain
approach
including
producers,
input
providers,
traders,
processors,
consumers
• A
focus
on
a
few
selected
livestock
and
fish
value
chains
with
poten@al
for
pro-‐poor
transforma@on
to
demonstrate
impact
• Working
with
development
partners
to
use
research
to
design
integrated
interven@ons
and
generate
evidence
of
their
benefits
for
taking
to
scale
• Basic
and
adap@ve
research
on
feeds,
gene@cs,
animal
and
public
health,
gender,
and
targe@ng
priori@zed
by
the
needs
of
the
target
value
chain
We
work
in
a
few
value
chains:
smallholder
dairy
systems
(Tanzania,
India,
Nicaragua),
sheep
and
goat
systems
(West
Africa,
Ethiopia),
smallholder
pig
systems
(Uganda,
Vietnam)
and
aquaculture
systems
(Egypt,
Bangladesh).
Our
research
focuses
on
the
constraints
met
in
these
value
chains.
Research
proposi0on
• Our
whole
value
chain
approach
is
intended
to
help
us
be4er
understand
technology
development
opportuni@es
and
how
to
encourage
uptake
and
sustainability
• We
see
animal
product
value
chains
as
a
way
to
encourage
intensifica@on
and
professionaliza@on
at
farm
and
market
levels
• Our
integrated
food
systems
approach
allows
be4er
understanding
of
the
role
of
animal-‐source
foods
as
a
broad
food-‐based
interven@on
to
improve
diet
diversity
• Our
systems
approach
allows
us
to
assess
impacts
of
livestock/aquaculture
value
chain
development
on
the
environment
and
locate
entry
points
to
mi@gate
nega@ve
impacts
• Our
gender
strategy
focuses
on
how
poor
women,
men
and
marginalized
groups
can
have
improved
and
more
equitable
access
to
affordable
animal
source
foods
through
gender
equitable
interven@ons
Gender
Gender
Strategy
approved
in
June
2013;
Tools
developed
to
increase
women’s
access
to
and
control
of
inputs
in
value
chains;
Training
workshops
with
partners
in
four
value
chain
countries;
Gender
scien@sts
hired
for
two
value
chain
countries;
Publica@ons
and
manuals
on
gender
transforma@ve
approaches
Results
• Fish
gene@c
improvement,
dairy
hub
development
and
livestock
vaccines
significantly
increase
produc@vity
and
produc@on
• Breakthroughs
in
breeding
for
super-‐greenhouse
gas-‐suppressing
forages
• Mixed
evidence
of
improved
dairy
incomes
in
East
Africa;
role
of
pig
produc@on
for
the
poor,
especially
women,
in
Uganda,
and
similarly
for
small
ruminants
in
Ethiopia
• Qualita@ve
evidence
of
posi@ve
benefits
of
dairying
in
East
Africa;
be4er
understanding
and
strategies
to
improve
food
safety
in
informal
markets
• Aquaculture
needs
to
focus
not
only
on
improved
strains,
but
also
on
pond
management,
including
feeds
and
on
nutrient
content
of
farmed
fish
Lessons
• Uptake
of
individual
technologies
to
improve
produc@vity
is
difficult
in
pre-‐
commercial
systems
(hence
we
also
work
with
small
and
medium
sized
producers)
• Is
impact
best
achieved
by
targe@ng
poor
producers
and
farmers
exclusively
or
by
also
targe@ng
successful
entrepreneurial
farmers
who
can
hire
others
and
realize
income
opportuni@es
along
the
whole
value
chain?
• Evidence
needed
to
show
whether
animal-‐source
foods
produced
by
smallholders
can
be
made
more
assessable/affordable
to
the
poor
and
improve
diets
• Addressing
the
lack
of
basic
data
to
inform
research
investment
and
policy
must
be
part
of
the
agenda
Opportuni0es
• Growing
poten@al
for
vaccine
development
as
well
as
gene@c
tools
and
methods
for
smarter
breeding
to
achieve
breakthroughs
• Evalua@on
of
organiza@onal
strategies
for
farmers/markets
(e.g.
hubs)
to
understand
principles
that
s@mulate
pro-‐poor
value
chain
development
• Be4er
understand
and
target
animal-‐source
food
systems
as
nutri@on
and
health
interven@ons
for
the
poor
and
vulnerable,
notably
women
and
children
• Develop
environmental
impact
assessment
methods
for
value
chains
as
well
as
decision
support
tools
to
assess
and
design
for
environmental
trade-‐offs
Partners
Key
contacts
Tom
Randolph:
t.randolph@cgiar.org
h4p://livestockfish.cgiar.org
Partnership
is
a
key
element
of
the
program’s
theory
of
change
–
essen@al
to
achieve
impact
at
scale
in
the
target
value
chains.
The
program
is
led
by
the
Interna@onal
Livestock
Research
Ins@tute
(ILRI).
CGIAR
partners
are
WorldFish
with
a
mandate
on
aquaculture;
the
Interna@onal
Center
for
Tropical
Agriculture
(CIAT),
which
works
on
forages;
and
the
Interna@onal
Center
for
Research
in
the
Dry
Areas
(ICARDA),
which
works
on
small
ruminants.
This
document
is
licensed
for
use
under
a
Crea@ve
Commons
A4ribu@on
–
Non
commercial
–
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3.0
Unported
License,
October
2013