Human resource is best and valuable resource in both organisation context and also in Country/state context. Development of this resource boost the organisation objective in positively.

2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PRESENTATION
• To deal with the core concept of HRD
• To figure out the development process of HRD from its beginning
in Global and Indian Context
• To highlight the various macro level HRD Initiatives taken by
Indian Government.
• To analyze the important challenges in the field of HRD in India

3. OUTLINES
• Definition: HRD
• HRD in Global and Indian Context
• About India Population
• What The Indian Constitution Says
• HRD Practice by The Govt. of India
• The Challenges of HRD

4. INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS HUMAN RESOURCE ?
WHAT IS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ?
WHAT IS HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ?

5. LEONARD NADLER
Emeritus professor of George Washington
University, was regarded as father of Human
Resource Development.
In the years of 1970s and 1980s, Nadler
tirelessly advocated the HRD profession.

6. DEFINITION: HR DEVELOPMENT
HRD (Human Resources Development) has been defined by various scholars in
various ways. Some of the important definitions of HRD (Human Resources
Development) are as follows:
According to Leonard Nadler,
"Human resource development is a series of organised activities, conducted
within a specialised time and designed to produce behavioural changes."

7. DEFINITION: HR DEVELOPMENT
In the words of Prof. T.V. Rao,
"HRD is a process by which the employees of an organisation are helped in a
continuous and planned way to
(i) acquire or sharpen capabilities required to perform various functions associated
with their present or expected future roles;
(ii) develop their journal capabilities as individual and discover and exploit their own
inner potential for their own and /or organisational development purposes;
(iii) develop an organisational culture in which superior-subordinate relationship,
team work and collaboration among sub-units are strong and contribute to the
professional well being, motivation and pride of employees."

8. THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
This definition of HRD is limited to the organisational context. In the context of a state or
nation it would differ.
From the macro perspective, HRD is concerned with the development and growth of people
for the wellbeing at national level.
It takes, skill, health, capabilities, attitudes and believes of the people, which are most
significant for the development issues at a global level.
While the national income is being computed or the economic growth is assessed, the
prospective concept of HRD examines the potentialities, attitudes, skills and knowledge of
the individuals and institutes a concrete base for economic planning.
However, HRD’s contribution at the macro level has not gained much popularity as yet.

9. HRD IN GLOBAL CONTEXT
As the concept of HRD is new, implementation of the concept of
HRD is rapidly increasing. HRD is more implemented and practiced
as developed countries rather then developing countries.

10. HRD PRACTICE IN USA
• HR is rather well developed field in US
• In the early 70s, HRD is termed as ASTD .
• Many Universities in the US have implemented academic programs for HRD to
meet the increasing demand for employees Skills and Expertise

11. HRD PRACTICE IN JAPAN
The Term of HRD is defined by three terms.
1) Noryuku Kathatu (Development of Individual Abilities)
2) Jinji Keisei (formulation level of mastery over human resource through the work
system and trainings)
3) Jinjai Ikusai (fostering of development of human resources through the
management of human resources process)
Individual development, Career development and Organization development are
three major components of HRD in Japan.

12. HRD PRACTICE IN CHINA
• A planned, organized education and learning process provided by the
organizations to improve employees knowledge and skills
and
• As well as change their job attitudes and behavior.
In china, there is no difference between HR, HRD and Personnel.

13. HRD IN INDIAN CONTEXT
• A new Human Resource Development system emerged in India in 1974 with Dr. T.V. Rao and
Dr. Udai Pareek heading the movement.
• It was started as a "Review Exercise of the Performance Appraisal System" for Larsen &
Toubro by the duo from the Indian Institutes of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA)
• The national HRD network was formed in the year 1985 and sustained itself with good work
since then.
• An Academy of HRD was started in 1990
• Only few institutions have started masters degree in HRD programs & Doctoral program is
in place, and the body of knowledge in the field is growing.
• Now HRD is Professionalized.

14. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2015
• In the Human Development Report 2015, it was unveiled that India has been
placed at 130th position in the 2015 Human Development Index (HDI) among the
188 countries.
• The report was released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• Here are some interesting facts about the report and India's current status of basic
human development achievements:
• The HDI is an average measure of basic human development achievements in a
country, measured by UNDP

15. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2015
• In 2015, India has been placed at 130th position with 0.609 score in the medium
human development category. Country's rank was 135 with 0.586 score in the 2014
report
• India is ranked in the medium human development category. The country
continued to rank low in the HDI, but has climbed five notches to the 130th rank in
the latest UNDP report on account of rise in life expectancy and per capita income.
• Life expectancy at birth: It increased to 68 years in 2014 from 67.6 in the previous
year and 53.9 in 1980.
• Gross National Income (GNI) per capita: It was 5,497 US Dollars in 2014, up from
5,180 US Dollars in 2013 and 1,255 US Dollars in 1980. India's GNI per capita
increased by about 338 per cent between 1980 and 2014.

16. AS PER CENSUS- 2011
The population of India, at 1.21 billion as per the 2011 Census, is almost equal to the
combined population of USA, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Japan put together.
Also, the population of several states match, and in some cases, exceed that of several large
countries. For example, the population of Uttar Pradesh is almost that of Brazil, the fifth most
populous country in the world.
As per Census 2011, the population of India is 1210.19 million comprising 586.47 million
(48.5%) females and 623.72 million (51.5%) males. Females have a share of 48.1% in the
urban population and of 48.6% in the rural population.
The population density in India is 386 people per Km2.

17. WHAT ABOUT YOUTH????
With 356 million 10-24 year-olds, India has the world’s largest youth population despite
having a smaller population than China, a latest UN report said on Tuesday.
It said that India with large youth populations could see its economies soar, provided it invest
heavily in young people’s education and health and protect their rights.
The report titled ‘The power of 1.8 billion’, said 28 per cent of India’s population is 10
to 24 year-olds.

18. LITERACY RATES AMONG YOUTH
Age-group Women (in %) Men (in%)
15-19 74 89
20-24 64 84
15-24 69 86
25-49 46 73

19. LITERACY RATE AMONG WOMEN
Age 15-77% , age 24 - 63%
• Urban 86%, rural 62%
• Never married 84%, ever married 55%
• Poorest HHs 33%, richest HHs 97%

20. PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
HAVING A BEARING ON EDUCATION

21. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Par
t
Title Article /
Schedule
Title
III Fundamental
Rights
13 Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
15 Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or
place of birth
21A Right to education
[Inserted by the 86th Amendment in December, 2002 and passed by
the Parliament in July, 2009. The provisions of the Act came into force
from 1st April, 2010]
28 Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship
in certain educational institutions
30 Right of minorities to establish and administer educational
institutions

22. DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY
Part Title Article /
Schedule
Title
IV Directive
Principles 38 State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people
41 Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases
45 Text in force -
Provision for free and compulsory education for children
[Inserted by the 86th Amendment in December, 2002 and passed by the Parliament in July,
2009. The provisions of the Act came into force from 1st April, 2010]
Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years
46 Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other
weaker sections
47 Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public
health

23. SCHEMES & INITIATIVES
GOVT. OF INDIA

25. SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
Features
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a programme for Universal Elementary
Education. This programme is also an attempt to provide an opportunity for
improving human capabilities to all children through provision of community -
owned quality education in a mission mode. It is a response to the demand for
quality basic education all over the country.

26. SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
Aims
• To provide useful and elementary education for all children in the 6-14 age group.
• To bridge social, regional and gender gaps with the active participation of community in the
management of schools.
• To allow children to learn about and master their natural environment in order to develop
their potential both spiritually and materially.
• To inculcate value-based learning this allows children an opportunity to work for each
other’s well being rather than to permit mere selfish pursuits.
• To realize the importance of Early Childhood Care and education and looks at the 0-14 age
as a continuum.

27. RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
Objectives
The objectives of Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan can be summarised
as follows:
• To improve quality of education imparted at secondary level through
making all secondary schools conform to prescribed norms.
• To remove gender, socio-economic and disability barriers.
• Universal access to secondary level education by 2017, i.e., by the end of
the XII Five Year Plan.
• Universal retention by 2020.

28. RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
Action plans
RMSA is planned to promote secondary education by establishing in every target school the
following infrastructure:
• Laboratories
• Libraries
• Toilet blocks
• Drinking water provisions
• In addition it aims to provide additional teachers to reduce student-teacher to 30:1, focus
on science, mathematics and English education, in-service training of teachers, science
laboratories, ICT-enabled education, curriculum reforms, and teaching-learning reforms.

29. RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
Four major heads
1. Quality improvement:
2. Information communication technologies (ICT):
3. Access and equity:
4. Integrated education for disabled children (IEDC)

30. NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY-2003
The commitment of the entire nation to the composite and all round
development of the young sons and daughters of India and seeks to establish
an All-India perspective to fulfill their legitimate aspirations so that they are all
strong of heart and strong of body and mind in successfully accomplishing the
challenging task of national reconstruction and social changes that lie ahead.

31. NATIONAL LITERACY MISSION PROGRAMME
The National Literacy Mission (NLM) is a nationwide program started by Government
of India in 1988.
It aims to educate 80 million adults in the age group of 15 - 35 over an eighty-year
period. By "literacy", the NLM means not only learning how to read, write and count
but also helping people understand why they are deprived and helping them move
towards change.

32. SAAKSHAR BHARAT
• Saakshar Bharat is a government of India initiative launched by Prime Minister,
Dr. Manmohan Singh to create a literate society through a variety of teaching
learning programmes for non-literate and neo-literate of 15 years and above. It
was launched on 8 September 2009 as a centrally sponsored scheme.
• It aims to recast India's National Literacy Mission to focus on literacy of women,
which is expected to increase the literate population by 70 million adults, including
60 million women.

33. RASHTRIYA UCHCHATAR SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
Rashtriya Uchchattar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) (for "National Higher Education Mission")
is a holistic scheme of development for higher education in India initiated in 2013 by
the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.
The centrally sponsored scheme aims at providing strategic funding to higher
educational institutions throughout the country. Funding is provided by the central
ministry through the state governments and union territories (UT), which in
coordination with the central Project Appraisal Board will monitor the academic,
administrative and financial advancements taken under the scheme.
A total of 316 state public universities and 13,024 colleges will be covered under it.

34. MIDDAY MEAL SCHEME
The Midday Meal Scheme is a school meal programme of the Government of
India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide.
• The programme supplies free lunches on working days for children in primary and
upper primary classes in government, government aided, local body, Education
Guarantee Scheme, and alternate innovative education Madrasa and Maqtabs
supported under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, and National Child Labor Project schools
run by the ministry of labor.
• Serving 120,000,000 children in over 1,265,000 schools and Education Guarantee
Scheme centers, it is the largest such programme in the world.

35. PRADHAN MANTRI KAUSHAL VIKAS YOJANA
To provide encouragement to youth for development of employable skills by
providing monetary rewards by recognition of prior learning or by undergoing
training at affiliated centers.

36. SKILL INDIA
• Skill India campaign was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 15 July 2015 to train over
40 crore people in India in different skills by 2022.
• UK has entered into a partnership with India under this programme. Virtual partnerships will be initiated
at the school level to enable young people of either country to experience the school system of the
other country and develop an understanding of the culture, traditions and social and family systems. A
commitment to achieve mutual recognition of UK and Indian qualifications was made.
• Oracle on 12 February 2016 announced that it will build a new 2.8 million sq. ft. campus
in Bengaluru will be Oracle's largest outside of its headquarters in Redwood Shores, California.[5] Oracle
Academy will launch an initiative to train more than half-a-million students each year to develop
computer science skills by expanding its partnerships to 2,700 institutions in India from 1,700 at present.
• As of 15 February 2016, the "Indian Leather Development Programme" trained 51,216 youth in a span of
100 days and it plans to train 1,44,000 young persons annually. Four new branches of "Footwear Design
& Development Institute" — at Hyderabad,Patna, Banur (Punjab) and Ankleshwar (Gujarat) — are being
set up to improve training infrastructure. The industry is undergoing acute skill shortage and most of the
people trained are being absorbed by the industry.

37. SUKANYA SAMRIDHI YOJANA (GIRL CHILD PROSPERITY
SCHEME)
The scheme primarily ensures equitable share to a girl child in resources and
savings of a family in which she is generally discriminated as against a male
child.

38. NATIONAL URBAN LIVELIHOOD MISSION
This scheme will reduce poverty of urban poor households specially street vendors
who constitute an important segment of urban poor by enabling them to access
gainful self-employment and skilled wage employment opportunities.

39. SAKSHAM
SAKSHAM is a scholarship for differently-abled children by AICTE, Ministry of Human Resource
Development, Government of India that aims to award 1000 scholarships per annum to
differently abled students to pursue technical education based on merit in the qualifying
examination to pursue technical education.
The scholarship amount under the scheme is Rs 30,000 or tuition fees and Rs 2,000 per month
for contingency allowance for 10 months.
This scholarship is for those differently abled students whose family income is less than Rs Six
lakhs per annum.

40. NATIONAL RURAL LIVELIHOOD MISSION(NRLM)
This scheme will organize rural poor into Self Help Group(SHG) groups and
make them capable for self-employment. The idea is to develop better
livelihood options for the poor.

41. SWAVALAMBAN
Pension scheme to the workers in unorganised sector. Any citizen who is not
part of any statutory pension scheme of the Government and contributes
between Rs. 1000 and Rs. 12000/- per annum, could join the scheme. The
Central Government shall contribute Rs. 1000 per annum to such subscribers.

42. SWARNAJAYANTI GRAM SWAROZGAR YOJANA
Bring the assisted poor families above the poverty line by organising them into
Self Help Groups (SHGs) through the process of social mobilisation, their
training and capacity building and provision of income generating assets
through a mix of bank credit and government subsidy.

43. SAMPOORNA GRAMEEN ROZGAR YOJANA
Providing additional wage employment and food security, alongside creation
of durable community assets in rural areas.

44. SABLA OR RAJIV GANDHI SCHEME FOR
EMPOWERMENT OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS
Empowering adolescent girls (Age) of 11–18 years with focus on out-of-school
girls by improvement in their nutritional and health status and upgrading
various skills like home skills, life skills and vocational skills. Merged Nutrition
Programme for Adolescent Girls (NPAG) and Kishori Shakti Yojana (KSY).

45. SAKSHAM OR RAJIV GANDHI SCHEME FOR
EMPOWERMENT OF ADOLESCENT BOYS
Aims at all-round development of Adolescent Boys and make them self-
reliant, gender-sensitive and aware citizens, when they grow up. It cover all
adolescent boys (both school going and out of school) in the age-group of 11
to 18 years subdivided into two categories, viz. 11-14 & 14–18 years. In 2014–
15, an allocation of Rs. 25 crore is made for the scheme.

46. BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO
Objectives:
• The objectives of this initiative are:
• Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination
• Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child
• Ensuring education and participation of the girl child

47. BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO
• The trend of decline in the Child Sex Ratio (CSR), defined as number of girls per
1000 of boys between 0-6 years of age, has been unabated since 1961. The decline
from 945 in 1991 to 927 in 2001 and further to 918 in 2011 is alarming.
• Realizing the gravity of this issue, it was highlighted in the Address to the Joint
Session of the Parliament by the President in June, 2014 and thereafter, in the
Budget Speech of the Government.
• The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) initiative has two major components.
i) Media Campaign and
ii) Multi-sectoral action in 100 selected districts (as a pilot) with adverse CSR, covering
all States and UTs.

48. ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT
An entrepreneurship development scheme is currently being developed by Ministry of Skill Development
and Entrepreneurship. The scheme will being designed around the following major elements:
1. Educate and equip potential and early stage entrepreneurs across India:
2. Connect entrepreneurs to peers, mentors, incubators:
3. Support entrepreneurs through Entrepreneurship Hubs (E-Hubs):
4. Catalyse a culture shift to encourage entrepreneurship:
5. Encourage entrepreneurship among underrepresented groups:
6. Promote Entrepreneurship amongst Women:
7. Foster social entrepreneurship and grassroots innovations:

49. HRD CHALLENGES
HRD CHALLENGES (in 21st Century)
• People Retention (Only Money is not enough for motivation)
• Large Population
• Unskilled workforce
• Responding to the multiple Stakeholders
• Maintaining Quality of Work Life etc.
• Lack of Ethical Standard of HRD
Globalization: Rapid Innovation and
Change in Technology, Quality
Maintenance and assurance, Low
Cost Employees …

50. CONCLUSION
• India is poised to become the fastest growing economy in the world in 2015 yet it continues to face
key development challenges.
• Some of the key challenges that India faces and suggests practical, qualitative and philosophical
changes that policy makers, educational institutions and businesses need to make in order to
overcome the challenges.
• India’s ability to develop its human capital will play a key role in building a sustainable competitive
advantage in the global economy of the 21st century, which needs India’s leadership to help build a
new inclusive global order.
• By addressing social evils like corruption and discrimination, leveraging technology to bridge the
skills-gap, and incorporating philosophical improvements in policy-making to build a culture of
leadership and excellence, India can effectively prepare for its new global leadership role, thereby
leveraging the potential of its vast and unique human resource.

51. “Never before have there been so many young people.
Never again is there likely to be such potential for
economic and social progress. How we meet the needs
and aspirations of young people will define our common
future,”

52. ANY QUESTIONS?

53. THANK YOU