2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
GIS IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
LITERATURE REVIEW
CASE STUDIES
- case study on flood disaster at Allahabad
-Tsunami Risk Analysis and Disaster
Management by Using GIS
SUMMARY
3. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster is an event causing great damage,
injury or loss of life
Disaster management can be defined as the
discipline and profession of applying science,
technology, planning and management to deal
with extreme events.
The emphasis of disaster management is
prevention and loss reduction
4. Disaster management activity is divided
into the following phases as
Prediction
Prevention
Mitigation
Emergency management
Recovery
5. GIS
GIS is a computer system used for capturing,
storing, querying and analyzing and displaying
geospatial data
GIS FUNCTIONS
Spatial data management
Display
Query
Modify
Output
6. GIS in Disaster Management
Accurate data availability
Location of site accurately within least
permissible time
Accessibility information between source and
destination
Real time visualization of area of interest
Reduce the time element involved in activities
7. LITERATURE REVIEW
Levy et al. (2005)
proposed models to improve flood risk
management and a flood decision support
system architecture.
Mysiak et al.( 2005)
Illustrated the relationship and the interactions
between urbanization in the metropolis and the
process of flood Disaster Management
8. Miller et al. (2004)
Dicussed the widest accessibility possible
with geographic information systems (GIS)–
internet architecture and addressing disaster
management issues
Frank et al.(1993)
DSS display capabilities include spatial data
handling, the editing of flood inundation maps,
and the animation of hydrologic and hydraulic
phenomenon
9. Case study-1
TITLE: GIS-based disaster management, A case
study for Allahabad Sadar sub-district(India) by
S.H. Abbas, R.K. Srivastava and R.P. Tiwari ( 2009)
JOURNAL :Management of Environmental
Quality: An International Journal,2009
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate a Geographic Information
System (GIS)-based study on development of
District Disaster Management System for floods
for Allahabad Sadar Sub-District(India).
10. FIG 1 Maps showing Ganga and Yamuna rivers around the
study area
11. STUDY AREA
The study area is Sadar, sub-district of Allahabad (India)
which is surrounded by river Ganga and Yamuna
located between 81º 45ʹ to 82º latitude and 25º 15ʹ to 25º 30ʹ
longitude
METHODOLOGY
An approach has been designed to explore the scope for the
combination of Disaster Management and GIS.
The flood-prone areas have been identified and their positions
are marked using Arc View.
GIS has been exploited to obtain the spatial information for
the effective Disaster Management for flood-affected areas
12. GIS-based maps for Disaster Management
Various maps were generated for the analysis in
the GIS platform like
Flood-affected areas of Sadar sub-district
Population density distribution in flood prone
areas
Villages having road connectivity ,hospital
facility in flood affected areas
Route map for the disaster prone area
13. FIG 2 .Map showing the areas affected by flood both by ganga and
yamuna rivers
14. If any government agency or any non-
governmental organization wants to provide any
type of help to the affected people, they can
follow above generated map for having idea
about the requirement. With the help of the
developed GIS-based management system
district
Village administrator can monitor all flood
management operations using GIS data base.
16. Figure 3 shows the road network of villages
that are more vulnerable and are not been
connected by main road as well as metal road.
The villages that are not having transport
connectivity can be identified.
With the help of above information, one can
provide rescue first to those villages not
connected through metal road and after that
provide transportation to metal road connected
villages.
17. Summary
It shows that in that sub-district Sadar of
Allahabad 54 villages are affected by flood
when high flood level reaches up to 84.50
meters.
The GIS generated map shows that out of 54
villages only seven villages have mud road and
47 villages have paved road.
Thus, GIS tool can be beneficial for getting all
the relevant information at the time of
occurrence of the disaster, and can help in
planning and management.
18. Case study 2
Objective
Tsunami Risk Analysis and Disaster
Management by Using GIS
Study area
Gocek bay area of south west turkey, which is
situated along the mediterranean sea
19. Data integration
Most of the data obtained for the analysis is
obtained from ocean engineering research
centre(OERC)
Namidance is a software used to study the
behavior of waves
Namidance is also used to detect inundated areas
and tsunami simulation
20. Methodology
Satellite image is acquired and DEM is prepared
with a scale of 1/25000 scale
By using topographic maps, satellite image is
registered and then buildings and road layers are
digitized.
Attribute information is given to the data base
based on the former reports
Namidance software is used to find the
Bathymetry.
21. Namidance software
Namidance is implemented by OERC
It is based on long wave equations with respect
to related boundary conditions
Among the long wave equations explicit
solution of non linear shallow water solution is
preferred
The Bathymetry generated by OERC is given as
input with simulation duration of about 30 min
and a step of 0.1 sec
Propagation of tsunami waves at every 0.1 sec
are given as output for every 60 sec
22. In order to able to compare max positive and
negative amplitude , artificial guages are
arranged are placed at specific location of
Gocek
By using this data inundation maps are prepared.
Continuous surfaces are to be produced for
showing the flooded areas, this is done by
kriging method in spatial analyst tools.
23. SUMMARY
The main outcomes of the study are determining the
inundated buildings and roads and calculating the
optimum routes to the closest facilities in case of
emergency
Evacuation map and network analysis conducted for
the case of emergency is a guide map for the places
which should be evaluated for the rescue operation.
Data are integrated with spatial data in order to
determine the optimum routes from inundation
zones to safe places, thus an evacuation plan was
assessed.
24. References
.Abbas.S.H, Srivastava R.K and Tiwari R.P(2008), GIS-based
disaster management A case study for Allahabad Sadar sub-
district (India), Management of Environmental Quality: An
International Journal 2009, 33-51.
Frank, A.U, Medyckyj.S and Hearnshaw. H (1993), “The use of
geographical information system: the user interface is the
system”, Human Factors in Geographical Information Systems,
Belhaven Press, London,(1993) Chapter 18.
Levy. J.K., Gopalakrishnan. C and Lin. Z (2005), “Advances in
decision support systems for flood disaster management:
challenges and opportunities”, International Journal of Water
Resources Development, pp. 593-612.
Maniruzzaman K.M., Okabe. A. and Asami. Y. (2001), “GIS for
cyclone disaster management in Bangladesh”, Geographical
and Environmental Modelling, pp. 123-31.
25. Miller R.C., Guertin, D.P. and Heilman, P. (2004),
“Information technology in watershedmanagement decision
making”, Journal of the American Water Resources
Association, pp. 347-58.
Mysiak J., Giupponib C. and Rosatoc P. (2005), “Towards
the development of a decision support system for water
resource management”, Environmental Modelling and
Software, pp. 203-14.
Seda.S, Aykut.A, ZuhalA, Ahmet. C.Y (2011),Tsunami Risk
Analysis and Disaster Management by Using GIS, A Case
Study in Southwest Turkey, Gocek Bay Area, AGILE 2011
Suresh, M.R., Manjunath K.V. and Hegde M.N. (2005),
“Earthquake hazards, preparedness, mitigation and
management issues”, in Proceedings of the National
Conference on Geotechnics in Environmental Protection,
Allahabad,