Waste to energy in perspective of Sindh By Waqar Husain Phulphoto

1. Application of Waste to Energy
in Perspective of Sindh
By
Waqar Hussain Phulpoto
Director
Environmental Protection Agency Sindh
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2. Waste
• Waste means unwanted materials or left over
materials or substances/objects which are
intended to be disposed of by the provisions
of law
• Usually disposed of at open lands, dumping
sites or partial landfill sites or sanitary landfill
site
• Waste can be recycled/reused & Energy can
also be recovered from waste
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3. Cont…
• Solid waste can be categorized as:
– Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
• Produced at populated urban centers/cities
– Industrial Waste
• Produced at Industrial Estates (Hazardous & non-hazardous)
– Hospital Waste (Infectious & cannot be recycled and non
infectious/hazardous)
– Agriculture Waste
• Produced from various agricultural & agro-based industrial
activities, parks etc.
– Livestock Waste
• Bio-mass produced at cattle colonies/large cattle pens
• Poultry Farms & other livestock farms
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4. • Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Comprises of:
• Industrial Waste Comprises of:
Plastic & Rubber Metals
Paper Rags
Glass Bones
Food Waste Animal Waste
Organic Waste Wood
Fines Debris
Fabrics Fibers
Plastic Packaging
material/wrappers
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5. • Agriculture Waste:
• Livestock Waste:
Rice Husk Wheat Husk
Trees Trimmings Cotton Waste
Bagasse Banana Chips
Manure Poultry Manure
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6. MSW Quantum of Some Cities in Sindh
• Karachi = 12000 Tons per day
• Sukkur Div. = 360 Tons per day
– Khairpur = 118.8 Tons per day
– Sukkur = 202.5 Tons per day
– New Sukkur = 23.69 Tons per day
– Rohri = 15 Tons per day
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7. Composition of MSW in Karachi
• Plastic & Rubber 6.40%
• Metals 0.75
• Paper 4.10
• Rags 8.40
• Glass 1.50
• Bones 3.00
• Food waste 21.00
• Animal 3.40
• Leaves, grass etc. 14.00
• Wood 2.25
• Fines 29.70
• Debris 3.50
• Others 2.00
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8. Calorific Values of Agro Waste
S/No Item Quantum/Ton Calorific value
Kcal/kg
1 Suger Cane 342342 1027026000
2 Rice Husk 36081 108242908
3 Cotton Stalk 730833 2888251178
4 Bagasse 753152 1711161344
5 Dates Trimmings 44487 12456860
6 Banana Chips 4643 17830656

9. Calorific Values of MSW
S/No Item Kcal/Kg
Calorific Value
1 Plastic 7044
2 Paper 3914
3 Textile 4818
4 Nappies 7396
5 Food Waste 3184
6 Garden Waste 5203
7 Dirt/Stone 743
8 Wood 4384
9 Tetra pack 5395

10. Solid Waste = Energy = Electricity =
Revenue
• Not utilized as source of power generation in the
past
• Growing urbanization has given rise to generation
of increasing quantities of waste
• Biomass/MSW has become a serious threat to
environment
• Energy can be recovered from Solid Waste in the
form of heat or combustible gas
• Waste to Energy technologies have been developed
to produce clean energy (especially designed PPs
with most modern pollution control equipment)
• Few of them are best fit for elimination of waste
from cities in Sindh 10

11. Biogas to Energy: Recovery of methane gas
from waste
• Biogas one of the most significant type of biomass
energy
• Biogas can be produced from wide variety of
available organic waste/materials like animal
manure, sewage sludge, stillage from ethanol
production etc.
• makes optimal utilization of valuable natural
resource of dung
• provides (soot free) clean gas
• Enrich bio-fertilizer for improvement of fertility of
soil 11

12. Biogas Plant & its sources

13. Waste to Energy Applications
• Mass Burn: Direct burning of waste
(municipal & Agro) in boilers to generate
steam to run steam turbines
• Refused Derived Fuel (RDF): Conversion of
waste (Municipal & Agro) into pallets of
combustible waste for direct feeding into
boilers
• Landfill Gas: Collection of methane gas from
waste (municipal) dumped in sanitary landfill
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14. In Sindh, useful Waste to Energy
technologies are:
– Mass burn for electricity generation (waste of
Karachi, other cities and agro waste)
– RDF for heat recovery (for electricity generation
and for industries having kilns)
– Biogas to Energy for gas recovery (livestock & agro
waste)
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15. Solid Waste To Energy Technologies (fit
for Waste Elimination in Sindh)
Best option for elimination of solid waste is
energy recovery from waste or “Waste to
Energy”
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16. Why Waste To Energy Projects?
There are several reasons but one major
reason is…….
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17. Karachi: Liaquatabd Town
(3,4) Behind Al Karam Square, Railway Track (5,6) Gharibabad Under pass
(1,2) Liaqatabad Town, F.C Area
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18. Orangi Town
Sector 1-C, near Qasba Mor, Orangi Town
Sadaf Colony, & Faqeer Colony ,Sector 10, Orangi Town
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19. English Biscuits Causeway, Mali River
Heaps of Garbage burning at Malir River
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20. Province)
Latifabad Phuleli Area
New Sabzi Mandi Road Qasimabad
1
20
Phuleli canal

21. Handling of MSW in Sukkur 3rd
largest city of Sindh
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22. Conclusion
• MSW/Biomass is clean, reliable, renewable
source of energy
• Eliminate/minimize waste
• generates sufficient power
• Conserve non-renewable fossil fuel resources
• Reduce environmental impact of trash
disposal
• contributes to the country’s economy
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23. THANKS
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