this slides tell about the concept of pump and its industrial application

1. PRESENTED BY :- ZIA-UL-ISLAM
MARWAT
14PWCHE0938
SECTION B
CHEMICAL ENG:

2. 
WHAT IS PUMP?
 A pump machine is a device for
converting the energy held by
mechanical energy into fluid.
 Function:-
 Flow from a region of low pressure
to one of high pressure
 Flow from a low level to a higher
level
Flow at a faster rate.
Propties:-
 Pumps operate by some
mechanism and consume energy
to perform mechanical work by
moving the fluid.
 Pumps operate via many energy
sources.

3. 
WHAT IS PUMP?
Single stage pump –
 When in a casing only one
impeller is revolving then it
is called single stage pump.
Double/ Multi stage
pump –
 When in a casing two or
more than two impellers are
revolving then it is called
double/ multi stage pump.
single
Stage pumps
Double
stage pump

4. 
Types of pumps
rotodynamice pumps positive displacement
pumps
Types of pumps

5. Positive displacement pumps
Rotatory type reprocicating type
screw pump gear pump rotatory van pump
plunger diaphragm piston radial piston
pump pump pump pump
Type of pumps

7. 
TYPES OF POSITIVE PUMPES
 POSITIVE PUMP
 A positive displacement
pump makes a fluid
move by trapping a
fixed amount of fluid
and forcing (displacing)
that trapped volume
into the discharge pipe.
Application:-
 Positive pump

8. 
behavior and safety
 Positive displacement pumps, unlike centrifugal or roto-
dynamic pumps, theoretically can produce the same flow at a
given speed (RPM) no matter what the discharge pressure.
 A positive displacement pump must not operate against a
closed valve on the discharge side of the pump, because it has
no shutoff head like centrifugal pumps.
 A relief or safety valve on the discharge side of the positive
displacement pump is therefore necessary. The relief valve can
be internal or external.
Types of positive pumps

9. Types of Rotary positive displacement pumps
 Gear pumps - a simple type of rotary pump where the liquid is pushed between two gears.
Application:-
 Gear pumps are widely used in chemical installations to pump high viscosity fluids.
 Petrochemicals: Pure or filled bitumen, pitch, diesel oil, crude oil, lube oil etc.
 Chemicals: Sodium silicate, acids, plastics, mixed chemicals, isocyanates etc.
 Paint and ink.
 Resins and adhesives.
Screw pumps - the shape of the internals of this pump is usually two screws turning
against each other to pump the liquid
Rotary vane pumps - similar to scroll compressors, these have a cylindrical
rotor encased in a similarly shaped housing.
Types of positive pumps

10. 
Reciprocating pump
 Reciprocating pumps move the fluid using one or more oscillating pistons,
plungers, or membranes (diaphragms), while valves restrict fluid motion to
the desired direction.
 types:
Plunger pumps
Diaphragm pumps
Piston pumps displacement pumps
Radial piston pumps
Rope pump
Type of Positive pumps

11. 
Rotodynamic pump
Centrifugal pump Axial pump Mixed pump Turbine pump
Types of Rotodynamic
pumps

12. 
Centrifugal pump:-
Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion
of rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the
fluid flow. Petrochemicals: Pure or filled bitumen, pitch, diesel oil,
crude oil, lube oil etc.
Application:-
Oil - refineries, power plants
Building Services
Chemical and Process Industries
Industry and Water engineering
Types of Rotodynamic
pumps

13. 
Axial flow pumps:-
 These are also referred to as All fluid pumps. The fluid is pushed
outward or inward and move fluid axially. They operate at much
lower pressures and higher flow rates than radial-flow (centripetal)
pumps.
Application:-
 In power plants, they are used for pumping water from a reservoir,
river, lake or sea for cooling the main condenser
 In the chemical industry, they are used for the circulation of large
masses of liquid, such as in evaporators and crys
 In sewage treatment, an AFP is often used for internal mixed liquor
recirculation tallizers
 In agriculture and fisheries very large horsepower AFPs are used to
lift water for irrigation and drainage
Types of Rotodynamic
pumps

14. 
Mixed-flow pumps:-
Mixed-flow pumps function as a compromise between
radial and axial-flow pumps.
 The exit is in b/w 0 to 90 angle .
 higher pressures than axial-flow pumps
While delivering higher discharges than radial-flow
pumps.
Types of rotodynamic
pumps

15. 
turbine pump
 A turbine pump is a centrifugal pump that is mainly used to pump water
from deep wells or other underground and man-made bodes of water to
water distribution systems.
 fluid enters "eye" of the impeller.
 constant head and high pressure uniform flow.
 The stages can be connected in series to increase the head capacity of the
pump.
Application:-
 turbine water pumps are used for various applications, such as pumping
water for irrigation, firefighting, hydroelectricity, and treatment of waste
water.
 The major advantage of the turbine water pump is its low revolutions per
minute, or RPM, with a high and constant head. This feature enables the use
of these pumps for the continuous pumping of water from deep wells.
Types of rotodynamic
pumps

16. 
Eductor-jet pump
 This uses a jet, often of steam, to create a low pressure. This low pressure
sucks in fluid and propels it into a higher pressure region.
Gravity pumps
 Gravity pumps include the syphon and Heron's fountain. The hydraulic ram
is also sometimes called a gravity pump; in a gravity pump the water is lifted
by gravitational force.
Steam pumps
 Steam pumps have been for a long time mainly of historical interest. They
include any type of pump powered by a steam engine and also pistonless
pumps such as Thomas Savery's or the Pulsometer steam pump.
Types of pumps

17.  Types and features of multiphase pumps
Helico-axial pumps :-
 A rotodynamic pump with one single shaft that requires two mechanical seals, this pump
uses an open-type axial impeller. It's often called a Poseidon pump, and can be described as a
cross between an axial compressor and a centrifugal pump.
 Applications
Sulzer helicoaxial multiphase pumps enable boosting of the oil/gas/water mixture from
producing wells, without separating the gas from the liquids. They are successfully deployed in
remote or subsea location, thus making wells and fields economically viable.
Progressive cavity :-
 Progressive cavity pumps are single-screw types typically used in shallow wells or at the
surface. This pump is mainly used on surface applications where the pumped fluid may
contain a considerable amount of solids such as sand and dirt.
Electric submersible :-
 These pumps are basically multistage centrifugal pumps and are widely used in oil well
applications as a method for artificial lift. These pumps are usually specified when the
pumped fluid is mainly liquid.
Types of pump

18. 
 Impulse pumps
 Impulse pumps use pressure created by gas (usually
air). In some impulse pumps the gas trapped in the liquid
(usually water), is released and accumulated somewhere
in the pump, creating a pressure that can push part of the
liquid upwards.
 Conventional impulse pumps include:
 Hydraulic ram pumps
 Pulser pumps
 Airlift pumps
Types of pumps

19. 
Thank you
THE END