MetroMaps versus Facets: What Exactly is the Ontological Context?

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Ontology Context: Terminology and
Definitions

M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com --

MetroMaps versus Facets: What Exactly is the Ontological Context? -- http://tinyurl.com/kyutech131128 --

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Pre-Context Semantic Web
•
•

open to read/write ontology has failed 12 14
most tools today are closed worlds with APIs -- like LinkedData 13

• a large variety of tools for working with closed ontologies 11

11 D.Allemang+1 "Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL" Morgan Kaufmann (2011)
12 G.Antoniou+1 "A Semantic Web Primer" Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2004)
13 T.Heath+1 "Linked Data: Evolving the Web Into a Global Data Space" Morgan and Claypool Publishers (2011)
14 J.Hebeler+4 "Semantic Web Programming" Wiley (2011)


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Facets
• facets are basically

personalization of ontology 04 05 06

• much research focused on

user modeling for personalization 07

faceted search

• the ultimate goal is
1. each node in ongology graph has multiple contexts
2. on top of search people are offered browsing function 08
• many existing faceted search portals 09 10

04 M.Mas "Faceted semantic search for personalized social search" Cornell University Report no.arXiv:1202.6685 (2011)
05 T.Le+2 "Personalized Facets for Semantic Search Using Linked Open Data with Social Networks" 3rd IBICA (2012)
06 C.DaSilva+2 "Improve business interoperability through context-based..." Electronic Business Management (2011)
07 R.Denaux+2 "Interactive ontology-based user modeling for personalized ..." Adaptive Hypermedia (AH) (2004)
09 E.Rozell+3 "S2S Architecture and Faceted Browsing Applications" Demo Track of WWW Conference (2012)
10 O.Suominen+2 "User-Centric Faceted Search for Semantic Portals" Springer LNCS vol.4519 (2007)


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Two Ways to Approach Context
1.

Context: Definition 1 (facets)

◦ one item -- a node in ontology -- and many contexts (facets)
◦ facets are filters in search
◦ you need as many queries as you have items

2.

Context: Definition 2 (proposed)
◦ multiple items and multiple nodes
◦ context is a topology overlaying multiple nodes
◦ discover new nodes and items by browsing the topology



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ToS: Trains of Sought (proposal)
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Trains of Sought (ToS)...
.
... is a
for a context-aware ontology-based
plus a metadata management solution which uses
fundamental underlying structure
.

design

search function
Metro Maps as the

not a new concept 02
• already used in practice -- software projects, group activities, etc. 03
• why the name: something you have seek-ed + sounds similar to trains
• Metromap itself is

of thought -- perfectly describes the intentions

02 K.Nesbitt "Getting to more abstract places using the metro map metaphor" 8th Int.Conf. on Information Visualization (IV) (2004)
03 J.Stott+4 "Automatic layout of project plans using a metro map metaphor" 9th IntConf. on Information Visualization (IV) (2005)


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Metro Maps: Metaphore and Uses



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Metro Maps: Basics
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Metro Map ...
.
... is a
in which there are
can overlap at individual items of the former.
.

topology

stations and lines where the latter

not MindMaps! 02
• ... we use metromaps everyday -- train maps of cities in Japan
• MetroMaps are

• metromaps are helpful in many -- completely unrelated -- areas of application 03
•

feature-not-a-bug: one map is a whole -- inseparable -- unit
02 K.Nesbitt "Getting to more abstract places using the metro map metaphor" 8th Int.Conf. on Information Visualization (IV) (2004)
03 J.Stott+4 "Automatic layout of project plans using a metro map metaphor" 9th IntConf. on Information Visualization (IV) (2005)



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Trains in Ontologies (example)



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Facets vs Metromaps



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Facets vs Metromaps: Tags
FEW: search or browsing produce relatively few results -- human consumption
• BROWSABLE: is metadata browsable?
• SCALABLE: same design for small and large bodies of content, groups,
•

etc.?

OWNABLE: metadata owned by user? -- or out of users' reach?
• TEAMABLE: can be shared by several members of a team? -- has to be
•

ownable, of course
•

EVOLVABLE: whether your personal metadata can evolve in time -- a
long-term recommendation service

• ....



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Facets vs Metromaps: Comparison
Search

Trains
of
Sought

few
browsable
teamable

scalable

browsable
scalable
Faceted

Search

ownable

evolvable


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Facets vs Metromaps: Roadmaps
comparison between
existing faceted
tools and the
proposal
• note that trains evolve in
time because user
input is remembered
• ... and can be revisited
•

in the future


Search
string

Hits

Facets

Search

Select

Search
string

Hits

Trains
Ride


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ToS: Unique Features
human-oriented service
2. facets: search then browse, ToS: search and/or browse
1. ToS is a
3. ToS is

owned and managed by the user
helper, not a dictator

◦ the service is a

4. ...



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Example: Web Service



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Work in Progress: The ToS Service
left:

right:

the wall: the browser

•
human,
service,
• ToS is a much much more flexible service
• rough implementation of ToS is at 01

Facets

Lucene
query
List

Facets

ToS

Lucene
query
List
Trains

Robot

Recommendations
01 myself "The Trains-of-Sought Project Home" http://www.github.com/maratishe/trainsofsought (2013)


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Example 2: the NiceCover Project

0B myself "Nicecover: LOIS研 Slides" http://www.slideshare.net/zhopasushami/slides-26150221 (2013)


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Nicecover: The Story
LOIS back in September
• why: i-Scover was a major disappointment -- in terms of context, API,
• idea first presented at

social features, etc.
•

the main intention: create a socially distributed/managed
metadata on top of any major scientific portal
◦ I use (have used) it for metadata which I shared with graduate students

0A myself "Nicecover: Project Page" http://www.github.com/maratishe/nicecover (2013)


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Nicecover: Design
• a

serverless app --

entirely

Parsing
report(popup)

cloud-based 0B
• users connect via a

Control Panel
(user clickable)
Add-to-page
parsing script

Status
Background
script

Pass data
for storage

Chrome
Extension 0A

• overlay on top of

IEICE/ken system

• the name is a (poor)
NiceCover

Browser
Extension

x

Cloud Drive
reads/writes

Cloud Drive
writes only

attempt to mock

i-Scover

0A myself "Nicecover: Project Page" http://www.github.com/maratishe/nicecover (2013)


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Nicecover as a ToS Service
•

Nicecover Data: distributed metadata created by users -- distributed
scattered metromaps

•

Nicecover as ToS:
1. aggregation and merges
2. recommendation service
3.

on-demand metromaps -- example: who's working on ontological
context search?



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That’s all, thank you ...



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[01] myself (2013)
The Trains-of-Sought Project Home
http://www.github.com/maratishe/trainsofsought
[0A] myself (2013)
Nicecover: Project Page
http://www.github.com/maratishe/nicecover
[0B] myself (2013)
Nicecover: LOIS研 Slides
http://www.slideshare.net/zhopasushami/slides-26150221
[02] K.Nesbitt (2004)
Getting to more abstract places using the metro map metaphor
8th Int.Conf. on Information Visualization (IV)
[03] J.Stott+4 (2005)
Automatic layout of project plans using a metro map metaphor
9th IntConf. on Information Visualization (IV)


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[04] M.Mas (2011)
Faceted semantic search for personalized social search
Cornell University Report no.arXiv:1202.6685
[05] T.Le+2 (2012)
Personalized Facets for Semantic Search Using Linked Open Data with Social
Networks
3rd IBICA
[06] C.DaSilva+2 (2011)
Improve business interoperability through context-based...
Electronic Business Management
[07] R.Denaux+2 (2004)
Interactive ontology-based user modeling for personalized ...
Adaptive Hypermedia (AH)
[08] E.Hyvonen+2 (2003)
Ontogator: Combining View- and Ontology-Based Search ...
Int.Symp. on Processing XML


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[09] E.Rozell+3 (2012)
S2S Architecture and Faceted Browsing Applications
Demo Track of WWW Conference
[10] O.Suominen+2 (2007)
User-Centric Faceted Search for Semantic Portals
Springer LNCS vol.4519
[11] D.Allemang+1 (2011)
Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL
Morgan Kaufmann
[12] G.Antoniou+1 (2004)
A Semantic Web Primer
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
[13] T.Heath+1 (2011)
Linked Data: Evolving the Web Into a Global Data Space
Morgan and Claypool Publishers


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[14] J.Hebeler+4 (2011)
Semantic Web Programming
Wiley
[15] V.Uren+6 (2006)
Semantic annotation for knowledge management: Requirements and a survey of
the state of the art
Web Semantics, Elsevier
[16] D.Sanchez+2 (2011)
Content annotation for the semantic web: an automatic web-based approach
Knowledge and Information Systems



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MetroMaps versus Facets: What Exactly is the Ontological Context?

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MetroMaps versus Facets: What Exactly is the Ontological Context?