1. Asian Architecture Project 1 : Case Study Paper
Paper Presentation
Provide natural ventilation using openings as design approach
in achieving optimum occupant comfort in S11 House
Name: Yap Zhi Jun
Student ID: 0310738
Tutor: Pn. Yati

2. Provide natural ventilation using openings as design approach
in achieving optimum occupant comfort in S11 House.
How significant the openings
design approach in S11 House
in achieving optimum
occupant comfort?
How are the openings
design approach implement
in an open plan in S11
House in achieving optimum
occupant comfort?
How S11 House adopt and
improve the openings from
Vernacular Architecture in
achieving optimum occupant
comfort?
Research Question :

4. IMPORTANCE & ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL VENTILATION
• Healthy and natural indoor environment
• Reduced capital and operating costs
• Low maintenance
• Improve life performance
• Better long term investment
• Reduce environmental impact

5. OPENINGS

6. Awning Windows
100 % Ventilating
Awning windows pivot on hinges
mounted at the top
Advantages
• Can be places higher in walls than
many other types of windows
• Provide natural light and ventilation,
without compromising privacy
• Weather-tight construction, good
choice in damp climates
Disadvantages
• Require frequent washing
Analysis
• Usually use in toilets and corner above fixed
window
• Mainly use for ventilation in the toilet
• Small in size

7. Advantages
• Variety of design features
• Provide good ventilation and light
• Easy to open and close
Disadvantages
• Size limitation
• Opening has to be strong to
support the window
Casement Windows
100 % Ventilating
Casement window are hinged at the side and swing
outward.

8. Analysis
Casement Window
• Use in bedroom, kitchen,
gallery room, storage room
(more privacy space)
• Some located side-to-side
sliding doors
• Mostly located at the SW and
NE side
• Size is adjusted according to
headroom size and human
height
• Allow sufficient air ventilation

9. Advantages
• Nice panoramic view
• More natural lighting
Floor-to-ceiling Window
Disadvantages
• Lack of privacy
• Lack of ventilation

11. Sliding Door
Open by sliding horizontally along
the frame.
Advantages
• Minimal maintenance
• Durable
Disadvantages
• More cleaning

12. Analysis
Sliding Door
• Use in bedroom, dining area,
living area, gathering space
(more public space)
• Door to balcony area, door to
pond and swimming pool
• To provide larger view to
surrounding
• Mostly located at the NW and
SE side
• Size bigger in living area,
gathering space, smaller in
bedroom, dining area
• Allow the flow of air to provide
good ventilation

13. OPENINGS IN OPEN PLAN

14. Open plan is a design method that has one or more large, open rooms that function as multiple rooms
within a single living space.
The most common is a “great room” that combines the kitchen, dining room, and living room in one
shared space.
Living room
Dry Kitchen
Dining Area
Open deck
Family Hall
Lily Pond

15. Open plan
Advantages
- More open wide space
- Better air flow
- More natural light
- Great space for gathering
Disadvantages
- No privacy
- Longer time for cooling and heating
- Air conditioning less effective
- Clean frequently

16. CROSS VENTILATION
With vent openings on both sides of
the building this uses the pressure
difference across the space to create
air movement through the space.
Cross-ventilation depends on a
continuous airflow path, most
effective in open plan.

17. Same level opposite opening
Smaller inlet, larger outlet
Provide higher speed air and
better air flow

18. Different level opposite opening
A floor-to-ceiling opening at one side draw air in and
cooled both the floors and flow out on the other side
of openings

19. STACK VENTILATION
The most effective natural
ventilation using the cross flow
pressure difference and suction /
convection created by the stack.

20. A specially design wind turbine combined with a steel framed
glazed pyramid provides the house with ‘stack effect’
ventilation and light pipes. The 15 numbers of turbines are
driven both by wind as well as convection when the air within
the glass pyramid heat up as a result of the greenhouse effect.

21. OPENINGS IN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
(MALAY HOUSE) AND CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE (S11 HOUSE)

22. Stack ventilation through roof joint
Cross ventilation through openings
Raised house level to cool the house
Vernacular Architecture ( Malay House)

23. Casement window
• Smaller in size
• Ventilation through body level
• More privacy
• Sufficient sir flow
Panel door
• Mainly for circulation
• Smaller in size

24. Vernacular Architecture
(Malay House)
Specification
Contemporary
Architecture (S11 House)
• Cross ventilation
(openings)
• Stack ventilation (roof)
Types of
ventilation
• Cross ventilation
(openings)
• Stack ventilation (wind
turbine)
• Casement window
• Panel door
Types of openings
• Casement window
• Awning window
• Floor-to-ceiling window
• Sliding door
Opening size in body level Size of openings
Larger in size to allow more
air and light enter
Adaptation
• Cross ventilation through opening
• Use of casement window in open plan
Improvement
• S11 House stack ventilation through wind
turbine
• More types of window to implement the floor
plan and control the air ventilation
• S11 House openings are larger to provide
more ventilation, but less privacy
Solution
• Use different material of glass window
(frosted glass)
• Orientation of openings
• Limitation of openable size
• Use trees to improve privacy and act as
shading to control the sunlight
COMPARISON

25. In conclusion, to provide occupant comfort and
improve natural ventilation in a house, choices of
openings design are important to cooperate with
the environmental factors to implement it in an
open plan house with the adoption and
improvement from Vernacular Architecture.
CONCLUSION

26. Reference
Andy Walker. (2015) National Institute of Building Sciences. Natural Ventilation.
Retrieved 28 April 2015 from http://www.wbdg.org/resources/naturalventilation.php
Hawkes,D. (2015). A History of Sustainable Architecture.
Retrieved 28 April 2015 from http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Aboutus/SustainabilityHub/Sustainability.aspx
Greenbelt Home Inc. (2012). X.N. Building Openings: Windows, Doors, Skylights.
Retrieved 26 April 2015 from http://ghi.coop/content/xn-building-openings-windows-doors-skylights
Ken Currie. (2015). O-Plan: the Open Planning Architecture (1990)
Retrieved 27 April 2015 from http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.26.2844
Nick Baker. (2015). RIBA. Natural Ventilation: Cross Ventilation.
Retrieved 27 April 2015 from http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Aboutus/SustainabilityHub/Designstrategies/Air/1-2-1-3-naturalventilation-crossventilation.aspx