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FLUID MECHANICS
Presentation

Bernoulli’s Principle
Umar Tariq
Husnnain Javeed
Adil Faraz
Muhammad Zaroon
Bernoulli’s Principle
THEORY

APPLICATION

CONCLUSIONS
Bernoulli’s Principle
Theory - Introduction

Presented by Daniel Bernoulli in his book

Hydrodynamica in 1738
Bernoulli’s Principle
Theory - Statement
Increase in the speed of the fluid occur simultaneously
with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the
fluid's potential energy.
OR
In a horizontal pipe, the highest fluid pressure is in the
section where the flow speed is the lowest, and the
lowest pressure is at the section where the flow
speed is the biggest.
APPLICABLE : INCOMPRESSIBLE - NON VISCOS - NON STEADY
Bernoulli’s Principle
Theory - Explanation
Figure

Section of pipe shown above Bernoulli’s Equation can be
written as
Bernoulli’s Principle
Theory - Equation

Where (in SI units)
P= static pressure of fluid at the cross section
ρ= density of the flowing fluid
g= acceleration due to gravity;
v= mean velocity of fluid flow at the cross section
h= elevation head of the center of the cross section
with respect to a datum.
Bernoulli’s Principle
APPLICATIONS
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - LIFT
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - LIFT
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - LIFT
Fast Moving Air; Low Air
Pressure

AirFoil

Air travels farther

Leading edge

airfoil

Slow Moving Air; High Air Pressure

Trailing edge
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - Spoilers
Spoiler provides better stability
and avoids lift
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - Spoilers

less air speed
more pressure

greater air speed
less pressure
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - Tennis Ball
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - Tennis Ball
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - Base Ball
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application - Mountains
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application – Ping Pong Ball
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application –Atomizer
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application – Carburetor
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application – Atomizer
Bernoulli’s Principle
Application –Venturi tube

• A2 < A1 ; V2 > V1
• According to Bernoulli’s Law, pressure at
A2 is lower.
• Choked flow: Because pressure cannot be
negative, total flow rate will be limited.
This is useful in controlling fluid velocity.
Bernoulli’s Principle
Conclusions
Aerodynamics
Sports Racing Industry

Daily life significance.
Bernoulli’s Principle

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Bernoulli's Principle