asas

1. PETROCHEMICAL
GAS
AND
COASTAL
LPG

2. Petrochemicals
Any
of
a
large
number
of
chemicals
made
from
petroleum
or
natural
gas.
Important
petrochemicals
include
benzene,
ammonia,
acetylene,
and
polystyrene.
Petrochemicals
are
used
to
produce
a
wide
variety
of
materials,
such
as
plasIcs,
explosives,
ferIlizers,
and
syntheIc
fibers.

4. LIQUEFIED
PETROLEUM
GAS
(LPG)
TANKERS
LPG
tankers
transport
a
large
selecIon
of
gas
and
petrochemical
products.
Some
of
the
LPG
vessels
are
also
capable
of
transporIng
“clean
petroleum
products”,
which
are
normally
transported
by
product
tankers.
LPG
tankers
have
a
slightly
different
design
because
the
products
they
carry
require
very
low
temperatures
and/or
high
pressure
for
the
transiIon
from
the
gaseous
state
to
the
liquid
state.
The
required
cooling
temperatures
range
from
minus
1
to
minus
104
degrees
Celsius,
depending
on
the
type
of
gas
involved.
When
the
products
are
in
their
liquid
state,
their
volume
is
reduced
by
a
factor
of
approximately
500
compared
with
their
gaseous
state.
Consequently,
it
is
cheaper
to
transport
the
products
in
their
liquid
state.
It
requires
very
heavy
tanks
to
make
the
gas
liquid
exclusively
by
using
pressure.

5.
Types
of
Vessels:
• In
general
ships,
carrying
chemicals
in
bulk
are
classed
into
three
types:
• 1.
A
‘Type
1’
ship
is
a
chemical
tanker
intended
to
transport
products
with
very
severe
environmental
and
safety
hazards
which
require
maximum
prevenIve
measures
to
preclude
an
escape
of
such
cargo.
• 2.
A‘Type
2’
ship
is
a
chemical
tanker
intended
to
transport
products
with
appreciably
severe
environmental
and
safety
hazards
which
require
significant
prevenIve
measures
to
preclude
an
escape
of
such
cargo.
• 3.
A
‘Type
3’
ship
is
a
chemical
tanker
intended
to
transport
products
with
sufficiently
severe
environmental
and
safety
hazards
which
require
a
moderate
degree
of
containment
to
increase
survival
capability
in
a
damaged
condiIon.

6.
The
petrochemical
gas
trade
consists
primarily
of
shipments
of
ethylene,
propylene,
butadiene
and
vinyl
chloride
monomer
(VCM)
all
of
which
are
used
extensively
as
raw
materials
within
the
industrial
producIon
of
a
wide
variety
of
plasIcs
and
syntheIc
rubber.

7. Dedicated
analysts
enable
be`er
informed
decision
making
by
providing
clients
with
a
range
of
market
intelligence
including
up
to
date
informaIon
on
worldwide
developments
in
trade,
export
volumes
and
a
broad
range
of
other
data
about
this
highly
specialized
sector.
We
should
have
access
to
extensive
informaIon
on
the
gas
fleet
on
Shipping
Intelligence
Network
and
publicaIons.

8. Experts
understanding
the
very
specific
requirements
of
this
market
sector
should
be
present
at
all
Mmes.