Pengantar Akuntansi 2 - Ch13 Statement of Cash Flow

Chapter

13

Statement of
Cash Flows
Financial Accounting, IFRS Edition
Weygandt Kimmel Kieso
Slide
13-1

Study Objectives
1. Indicate the usefulness of the statement of cash flows.
2. Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing
activities.
3. Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect
method.
4. Analyze the statement of cash flows.

Slide
13-2

Statement of Cash Flows

The Statement of
Cash Flows:
Usefulness and
Format

Preparing the
Statement of Cash
Flows—Indirect
Method

Usefulness
Classifications

Step 1: Operating
activities

Significant non-cash
activities

Step 2: Investing and
financing activities

Format

Step 3: Net change
in cash

Preparation
Indirect and direct
methods

Slide
13-3

Using Cash Flows to
Evaluate a Company

Free cash flow

Usefulness and Format
Usefulness of the Statement of Cash Flows
Provides information to help assess:
1. Entity’s ability to generate future cash flows.
2. Entity’s ability to pay dividends and obligations.

3. Reasons for difference between net income and net cash
provided (used) by operating activities.
4. Cash investing and financing transactions during the

period.

Slide
13-4

SO 1 Indicate the usefulness of the statement of cash flows.

Classification of Cash Flows
Operating
Activities
Income
Statement
Items

Slide
13-5

Investing
Activities
Generally
Non-Current
Asset Items

Financing
Activities
Generally
Non-Current
Liability and
Equity Items

SO 2 Distinguish among operating, investing, and financing activities.

Types of Cash Inflows and Outflows

Slide
13-6

Illustration 13-1



Slide
13-7

Illustration 13-1


IFRS requires that the following amounts be disclosed:
 Cash paid for taxes.
 Cash received and paid from interest and dividends.
Illustration 13-2
Daimler’s statement of
cash flows note

Slide
13-8


Significant Non-Cash Activities
1. Direct issuance of ordinary shares to purchase assets.
2. Conversion of bonds into ordinary shares.
3. Direct issuance of debt to purchase assets.
4. Exchanges of plant assets.
Companies report these activities in either a separate note or
supplementary schedule to the financial statements.

Slide
13-9


Format of the Statement of Cash Flows
Order of Presentation:

Direct Method

1. Operating activities.
2. Investing activities.

Indirect Method

3. Financing activities.
The cash flows from operating activities section always
appears first, followed by the investing and financing sections.

Slide
13-11


Illustration 13-3

Slide
13-12


During its first week, Hu Na Company had these
transactions.

Classification
1. Issued 100,000 HK$50 par value ordinary shares
for HK$8,000,000 cash.
2. Borrowed HK$2,000,000 from Castle Bank,
signing a 5-year note bearing 8% interest.

Financing

3. Purchased two semi-trailer trucks for
HK$1,700,000 cash.

Investing

4. Paid employees HK$120,000 for salaries and
wages.

Operating

5. Collected HK$200,000 cash for services provided.
Slide
13-13

Financing

Operating


Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows
Three Sources of Information:
1. Comparative statement of financial position
2. Current income statement

3. Additional information

Slide
13-14


Three Major Steps:

Slide
13-15

Illustration 13-4


Three Major Steps:

Slide
13-16

Illustration 13-4


Indirect and Direct Methods
Companies favor the indirect method for two reasons:
1. Easier and less costly to prepare, and
2. Focuses on the differences between net income and net
cash flow from operating activities.

Slide
13-17


Illustration
Illustration 13-5

Indirect
Method

Slide
13-19

SO 3 Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method.

Preparing
the
Statement
of Cash
Flows
Indirect
Method
Illustration 13-5

Slide
13-20


Additional information for 2011:
1. The company declared and paid a $29,000 cash dividend.
2. Issued $110,000 of long-term bonds in direct exchange for land.
3. A building costing $120,000 and equipment costing $25,000 were
purchased for cash.
4. The company sold equipment with a book value of $7,000 (cost
$8,000, less accumulated depreciation $1,000) for $4,000 cash.
5. Issued ordinary shares for $20,000 cash.
6. Depreciation expense was comprised of $6,000 for building and
$3,000 for equipment.

Slide
13-21


Step 1: Operating Activities

Indirect
Method

Determine net cash provided/used by operating activities
by converting net income from an accrual basis to a cash
basis.
Common adjustments to Net Income (Loss):
Add back non-cash expenses (depreciation and
amortization expense).
Deduct gains and add losses that resulted from investing
and financing activities.

Slide
13-22

Analyze changes in non-cash current assets and current
liabilities.

Operating Activities

Question
Which is an example of a cash flow from an operating
activity?
a. Payment of cash to lenders for interest.
b. Receipt of cash from the sale of shares.
c. Payment of cash dividends to the company’s
shareholders.
d. None of the above.

Slide
13-23


Depreciation Expense
Although depreciation expense reduces net income, it does not
reduce cash.
Illustration 13-7

Slide
13-24


Loss on Sale of Equipment
Because companies report as a source of cash in the investing
activities section the actual amount of cash received from the
sale:
Any loss on sale is added to net income in the operating
section.
Any gain on sale is deducted from net income in the
operating section.

Slide
13-25


Loss on Sale of Equipment
Computer Services’ income statement reports a $3,000 loss on
the sale of equipment (book value $7,000, less $4,000 cash
received from sale of equipment).
Illustration 13-8

Slide
13-26


Changes to Non-Cash Current Asset Accounts
When the Accounts Receivable balance decreases, cash
receipts are higher than revenue earned under the accrual
basis.
Illustration 13-9

Accounts Receivable
1/1/011

Balance
Revenues

12/31/11 Balance

30,000
507,000

Receipts from customers 517,000

20,000

Therefore, the company adds to net income the amount of the
decrease in accounts receivable.
Slide
13-27


Illustration 13-10

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income

$

145,000

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation expense

9,000

Loss on sale of equipment

3,000

Decrease in accounts receivable
Net cash provided by operating activities

Slide
13-28

10,000
$

167,000


When the Inventory balance increases, the cost of
merchandise purchased exceeds the cost of goods sold.
Merchandise Inventory
1/1/11

Balance
Purchases

12/31/11 Balance

10,000
155,000

Cost of goods sold

150,000

15,000

As a result, cost of goods sold does not reflect cash payments
made for merchandise. The company deducts from net income
this inventory increase.
Slide
13-29


Illustration 13-10

Net income

$

145,000


9,000


3,000


10,000

Increase in inventory

(5,000)


Slide
13-30

$

162,000


When the Prepaid Expense balance increases
 Cash paid for expenses is higher than expenses reported on
an accrual basis.
 Company deducts the increase from net income to arrive at
net cash provided by operating activities.

If prepaid expenses decrease, reported expenses are higher

than the expenses paid.

Slide
13-31


Illustration 13-10

Net income

$

145,000


9,000


3,000


10,000


(5,000)

Increase in prepaid expenses

(4,000)

Slide
13-32

$

158,000


Changes to Non-Cash Current Liability Accounts
When Accounts Payable increases
 Company received more in goods than it actually paid for.
 Increase is added to net income.

When Income Tax Payable decreases
 Income tax expense was less than the amount of taxes paid
during the period.
 Decrease is subtracted from net income.

Slide
13-33


Changes to Non-Cash Current Liability Accounts
Illustration 13-11

Net income

$

145,000


9,000


3,000


10,000


(5,000)


(4,000)

Increase in accounts payable

16,000

Decrease in income taxes payable

(2,000)

Slide
13-34

$

172,000


Summary of Conversion to Net
Cash Provided by Operating
Activities—Indirect Method

Slide
13-35

Illustration 13-12


Step 2: Investing and Financing Activities
From the additional information, the company purchased land of
$110,000 by issuing long-term bonds. This is a significant
noncash investing and financing activity that merits disclosure in
a separate schedule.
Land
1/1/11

Balance
Issued bonds

12/31/11 Balance

20,000
110,000
130,000
Bonds Payable

1/1/11

20,000
110,000

12/31/11 Balance
Slide
13-36

Balance
For land

130,000


Investing and Financing Activities
Partial statement

Illustration 13-14

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of building
Purchase of equipment
Sale of equipment
Net cash used by investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of ordinary shares
Payment of cash dividends
Net cash used by financing activities
Net increase in cash
Cash at beginning of period
Cash at end of period

$

20,000
(29,000)
(9,000)
22,000
33,000
55,000

Disclosure: Issuance of bonds to purchase land
Slide
13-37

172,000

$

110,000

(120,000)
(25,000)
4,000
(141,000)


From the additional information, the company acquired an office
building for $120,000 cash. This is a cash outflow reported in
the investing section.
Building
1/1/11

Balance
40,000
Office building 120,000

12/31/11 Balance

Slide
13-38

160,000


Partial statement

Illustration 13-14

Sale of equipment

$

20,000
(29,000)
(9,000)
22,000
33,000
55,000

Slide
13-39

172,000

$

110,000

(120,000)
(25,000)
4,000
(141,000)


The additional information explains that the equipment increase
resulted from two transactions: (1) a purchase of equipment of
$25,000, and (2) the sale for $4,000 of equipment costing $8,000.
Equipment
1/1/11

Balance
Purchase

12/31/11 Balance

Journal
Entry

Slide
13-40

10,000
25,000

Equipment sold

8,000

27,000
Cash
Accumulated depreciation
Equipment

4,000
1,000
3,000
8,000


Statement
of Cash
Flows
Indirect
Method

Illustration 13-14
Slide
13-41

Net income
Sale of equipment

$

145,000

9,000
3,000
10,000
(5,000)
(4,000)
16,000
(2,000)
172,000
(120,000)
(25,000)
4,000
(141,000)

$

20,000
(29,000)
(9,000)
22,000
33,000
55,000


The additional information notes that the increase in share
capital - ordinary resulted from the issuance of new shares.
Ordinary Shares
1/1/11

Balance
Shares sold

12/31/11 Balance

Slide
13-42

50,000
20,000

70,000


Illustration 13-14

Partial statement
Sale of equipment

$

20,000
(29,000)
(9,000)
22,000
33,000
55,000

Slide
13-43

172,000

$

110,000

(120,000)
(25,000)
4,000
(141,000)


Retained earnings increased $116,000 during the year. This
increase can be explained by two factors: (1) Net income of
$145,000 increased retained earnings. (2) Dividends of $29,000
decreased retained earnings
Retained Earnings
1/1/11

Dividends

29,000

Balance
Net income

12/31/11 Balance

Slide
13-44

48,000
145,000
164,000


Statement
of Cash
Flows
Indirect
Method

Step 3: Net
Change in
Cash
Slide
13-45

Net income
Sale of equipment

Illustration 13-14

$

145,000

9,000
3,000
10,000
(5,000)
(4,000)
16,000
(2,000)
172,000
(120,000)
(25,000)
4,000
(141,000)

$

20,000
(29,000)
(9,000)
22,000
33,000
55,000



Question
Which is an example of a cash flow from an investing
activity?
a. Receipt of cash from the issuance of bonds
payable.
b. Payment of cash to repurchase outstanding
shares.
c. Receipt of cash from the sale of equipment.
d. Payment of cash to suppliers for inventory.

Slide
13-46


Using Cash Flows to Evaluate a Company
Free Cash Flow

Free cash flow describes the cash remaining from
operations after adjustment for capital expenditures and
dividends.

Slide
13-47

SO 4 Analyze the statement of cash flows.

Using Cash Flows to Evaluate a Company

Illustration 13-16

Slide
13-48

SO 4 Analyze the statement of cash flows.

Understanding U.S. GAAP
Key Differences


Companies preparing financial statements under both IFRS and
GAAP must prepare a statement of cash flows as an integral
part of the financial statements.
Both IFRS and GAAP require that the statement of cash flows
should have three major sections—operating, investing, and
financing—along with changes in cash and cash equivalents.
Similar to IFRS, the cash flow statement can be prepared using
either the indirect or direct method under GAAP. In both U.S.

and international settings, most companies choose the indirect
method for reporting net cash flows from operating activities.
Slide
13-49

Key Differences


The definition of cash equivalents used in GAAP is similar to
that used in IFRS. A major difference is that in certain
situations, bank overdrafts are considered part of cash and
cash equivalents under IFRS, which is not the case in GAAP.
Under GAAP, bank overdrafts are classified as financing

activities.
IFRS requires that non-cash investing and financing activities
be excluded from the statement of cash flows. Non-cash
investing and financing activities should be disclosed in the
notes instead of in the financial statements. Under GAAP,
companies may present this information at the bottom of the
Slide
13-50

cash flow statement.

Looking to the Future


Presently, the FASB and the IASB are involved in a joint project on
the presentation and organization of information in the financial
statements. One interesting approach, revealed in a published
proposal from that project, is that in the future the income
statement and statement of financial position would adopt headings

similar to those of the statement of cash flows. That is, the income
statement and statement of financial position would be broken into
operating, investing, and financing sections. With respect to the
cash flow statement specifically, the notion of cash equivalents will

probably not be retained. That is, cash equivalents will not be
combined with cash but instead will be reported as a form of highly
continued
Slide
13-51

Looking to the Future


liquid, low-risk investments. The definition of cash in the existing
literature would be retained, and the statement of cash flows would
present information on changes in cash only. In addition, the FASB
favors presentation of operating cash flows using the direct method
only. However, the majority of IASB members express a preference

for not requiring use of the direct method of reporting operating
cash flows. So, the two Boards will have to resolve their differences
in this area in order to issue a converged standard for the statement
of cash flows.

Slide
13-52

Using a Worksheet to Prepare the Statement of Cash
Flows-Indirect Method

Appendix A

Illustration 13A-1
Slide
13-53

SO 5 Explain how to use a worksheet to prepare the statement of cash flows
using the indirect method.

Using a Worksheet to Prepare the Statement of Cash
Flows-Indirect Method

Preparing a Worksheet
1. Enter in the statement of financial position accounts section the
statement of financial position accounts and their beginning and
ending balances.

2. Enter in the reconciling columns of the worksheet the data that
explain the changes in the statement of financial position accounts
other than cash and their effects on the statement of cash flows.
3. Enter the cash line and at the bottom of the worksheet the increase
or decrease in cash. This entry should enable the totals of the
reconciling columns to be in agreement.
Slide
13-54

SO 5 Explain how to use a worksheet to prepare the statement of cash flows
using the indirect method.

Using a Worksheet
to Prepare the
Statement of Cash
Flows-Indirect
Method

Slide
13-55

Illustration 13A-3
Completed worksheet—
indirect method

Statement of Cash Flows-Direct Method
Appendix B
1. Under the direct method, companies compute net cash
provided by operating activities by adjusting each item in the
income statement from the accrual basis to the cash basis.

2. To simplify and condense the operating activities section,
companies report only major classes of operating cash
receipts and cash payments.
3. For these major classes, the difference between cash receipts
and cash payments is the net cash provided by operating
activities.

Slide
13-56

SO 6 Prepare a statement of cash flows using the direct method.

Step 1: Operating Activities
Illustration 13B-2

Slide
13-57


Illustration 13B-1

Slide
13-58


Illustration 13B-1

Additional information:
1. In 2011, the company declared and paid a $32,000 cash dividend.
2. Bonds were issued at face value for $130,000 in cash.
3. Equipment costing $180,000 was purchased for cash.
4. Equipment costing $20,000 was sold for $17,000 cash when the book value of the
equipment was $18,000.
5. Ordinary shares of $60,000 were issued to acquire land.
Slide
13-59


Cash Receipts from Customers
For Juarez Company, accounts receivable decreased $3,000.
Illustration 13B-3

Illustration 13B-5

Slide
13-60


Cash Payments to Suppliers
In 2011, Juarez Company’s inventory increased $10,000
and cash payments to suppliers were $678,000.
Illustration 13B-6

Illustration 13B-7

Illustration 13B-9

Slide
13-61


Cash Payments for Operating Expenses
Cash payments for operating expenses were $179,000,
Illustration 13B-10

Illustration 13B-11

Slide
13-62


Cash Payments for Income Taxes
Cash payments for income taxes were $24,000,
Illustration 13B-12

Illustration 13B-13

Slide
13-63


Increase in Equipment. (1) Juarez purchased for cash equipment
costing $180,000. And (2) it sold for $17,000 cash equipment
costing $20,000, whose book value was $18,000.
Illustration 13B-15

Slide
13-64


Increase in Land. Juarez’s land
increased $60,000. The additional
information section indicates that the
company issued ordinary shares to
purchase the land.
Increase in Bonds Payable. Bonds
Payable increased $130,000. The
additional information indicated that
Juarez issued, for $130,000 cash,
bonds with a face value of $130,000.
Slide
13-65

investing and financing
transaction.

Financing activity.


Increase in Share Capital - Ordinary.
The Share Capital - Ordinary account
increased $60,000. The additional
information indicated that Juarez
acquired land from the issuance of
ordinary shares.
Increase in Retained Earnings. The
$52,000 net increase in Retained
Earnings resulted from net income of
$84,000 and the declaration and
payment of a cash dividend
of $32,000.
Slide
13-66

investing and financing
transaction.

Financing activity (cash
dividend).


Step 2:
Investing
and
Financing
Activities

Step 3: Net
Change in
Cash
Illustration 13B-16
Slide
13-67


Copyright
“Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in
Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the
express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful.
Request for further information should be addressed to the
Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser
may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for
distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for
errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these
programs or from the use of the information contained herein.”

Slide
13-68

Pengantar Akuntansi 2 - Ch13 Statement of Cash Flow

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