to get a knowledge about residential building and building type

1. Building And House
# What is the definition of Building and Houses?
Building
is a closed space that is built with a combination of walls,
roof and different structures and fixtures.
House
is a builiding that functions as a home for human.

2. Classifications Buildings
Based on the building use, buildings are grouped as;-
Residential buildings: Residential buildings are bungalow, flats
etc.
Assembly building: Assembly buildings are amusement,
recreation etc.
Business building: Business buildings are banks, offices, shops,
stores.
Educational buildings: Educational buildings are schools,
colleges, universities.
Health buildings: Heath buildings are hospitals, nursing homes,
dispensaries.
Industrial buildings: Industrial buildings are factories,
workshops, laboratories.
Recreation buildings: Recreation buildings are theaters, town
halls, cinemas etc.

3. Residential Building
A building used for doweling purposes is known as residential
building. So that residential are those in which one resides
permanently or for a considerable long time.

4. Residential Building Type
1- Single Family Home
2- Duplex
3- Apartment Buildings
4- Condominium
5- Townhouse
6- Villa
7- Bungalow

5. 1- SINGLE FAMILY HOME
Built on the single lot and thus have no separation walls.
 It is a free standing Residential building for the family.
 It is meant for the single family.

6. 2- Duplex
It is the residential way of living in the Apartments, which
have the separate Entrance for two households.
These features a two storey houses having a complete
apartment on each floor.
In fact the term between the duplex and apartment is so
interchangeably used, the actual difference between the both
has completely got blurred.

7. 3- Apartment Buildings
Numerous Buildings at a single
place.
These contains many triplexes and
even feature four unit Buildings.
Thus, we can actually say that the
residing in a single flat among
several such flats which are
contained in a single unit are called
as Apartment Buildings.

8. 4- Condominium
It may be defined as the building
or a complex of buildings, where
number of individually owned
houses are present.
Here, the Condominium owners
hold sole title to the whole Condo
, but owns land and other features
like Lifts, stairs and many others
with the other unit owners.

9. 5- Townhouse
 Townhouse is the sort of big
residential units, where several
individual families live.
 In thus type, each owner pay their
own taxes, and carry all the
maintenance on their own.
 Thus, we can say that the Town
houses are the sort of the hybrid
Structures of the Single Family
Homes and Condominium.

10. 6- Villa
Villa is a sort of large country
house, featuring a farmhouse
and residential units along with
several other features.
These are built on own land.
These are upper class
Residential Buildings and
generally feature all kinds of
the facilities.

11. 7- bungalow
A bungalow is a house which is all on ground level. Traditionally
small, but today it can be quite large.

12. TYPES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
ACORDING TO INCOME
:- It divided in to 5 major classes they are
1 Residence for extreme high income family
2 Residence for high income family
3 Residence for Middle income family
4 Residence for Low income family
5 Residence for weaker section family

13. Residence For Extreme High Income
Family

14. :- It Is Contains The Following Rooms
`
Living room - Bed room
Kitchen master bed room
Bath room more than 2 beds
master bath - Silent room
more than 1 baths - Praying room
sauna bath - Store room
spa - Sport center
Study room or library - Bar and lounge
Foyer room(welcome guest) - Secular room
Entertainment room - Office
Cinema - Salarioum
Game place - Loggia(open room)
Music, art and art room
Surrounding
Garage - Green area
Bay(car stopping place) - Gym
Courtyard(fenenig) - Swimming pool

15. 2- Residence for high income family

16. :- it is contains the following rooms
Living room - Gust bed room
Dining room - Office
Family room - Store
Bed room with bath - Kitchen
Surrounding
- Garage - Green area
- Courtyard(fenenig) - Swimming pool

17. 3. Residence for middle income
family

18. :- it contains the following rooms;
Living room - Bath with Waco
Dining room - Store
Bed room
Surrounding
Garage
Green area

19. 4. Residence for low income family
it contains the following rooms;
Living room - Kitchen
Bed room - Bath with w.c

20. 5. Residence for Weaker income family
it contains the following rooms;-
To contain only one rooms including living, bed kitchens are
together or not have this all
It’s like a studio

21. kitchen
1
4
3 2
5
6
910
11
12
bedroom
swimming
pool
bathroom
childroom
garden
chimney
roof garden
living room
13
attic
14
15
fence
PARTS OF THE HOUSE

22. LIVING ROOM
 Living room is the main component of the house in
which the the first accessible room for outsider.
preferable face towards to the north.
Good residential house must compose perfect
orientation of furniture with appropriate
main components includes couch, table, television,
flower pot, table lamp.

23. KITCHEN
Kitchen is a part of the house which is a part of the house used
for preparation of food, drinks, and different eating staff
Kitchens should face north-east or north-west and adjacent to
any vegetable garden and cellar.
an appropriate arrangement to easy the work in the kitchen
would be from right to left: storage surface, cooker,
preparation area, sink, drainage surface.

24. KITCHEN
 The minimum area for a cooking recess is 5-6 m2. For normal kitchen it is
8-10m2 and for normal kitchens with dining or snack areas is 12-14m2
 For planning purposes the following width requirements for fitting and
equipment may be used : cooker 60cm, twin sink and draining surface
including (dishwasher) 150 cm ,refrigerator 60 cm , freezer 60 cm,
cupboard 170 cm.
 The material used in kitchen unit include plywood, chipboard and plastic.
 exposed wood surface are varnished or laminated with plastic .shelves are
of wood or plastic coated chipboard; metal shelves are the best pots and
pans.

25. BED ROOM
 It is a resting room of the house.
 To ensure comfort while sleeping the bed length
should be 250mm longer than individual height.

26. BED ROOM
There should always be a beside cabinet to the
left and right of the double beds and a
headboard, onto which one can fix clip lights
for reading ,is also useful
About 1m of cupboard length should be
planned per person. If there is not enough
room in the bed room then space can be found
in the corridor.
At least one mirror in which one can see
oneself from head to toe should be fitted in the
bed room: mirrored cub board fronts are even
better.

27. Type of Bed Room
Master Bedroom
 Is normally occupied by the person or persons who serve as the heads
of the household.
The furniture included in this bed room include:A Queen Size
Bed/King Size Bed, A dressing Table, 1 or 2 chairs and a small table
for having morning coffee, A 4 0r 6 shutter Wardrobe or Closet.
Guest Bed Room
This room is primarily intended for stay of occasional guest.
Children's Bedroom
This is a room in which children sleep in.
According to the furniture it can be
1) Single Occupancy Bedroom :have only one single bed. It is
mostly prepared for teenagers (9 to 12 years old)
2) Double Occupancy Bedroom: have two single Beds or a bunk
bed . Used for small child for same sex.

28. BATHROOM
 Bath room is a part of the house which is used for the hygiene and
cleaning purpose.
 The most convenient location for the bathroom is adjacent to the
bedrooms.
A bath up and a shower tray plus a wash basin are installed in the
bathroom while flushing toilet, bidet and hand washing are installed in
the wc
The bathroom and wc should be oriented towards the north and should
normally be naturally lit and ventilated.

29. BATH ROOM AND W.C
 It is susceptible to damp so
appropriate sealing must be
provided surface must be easy to
clean and withstand the condition,
covered with slip resistant floor
covering
 . At least one sealed electrical
socket should be provided at a
height of 1.30m.
SIZE: usually a small room of bath a
minimum floor area is 2 msq and
used to the maximum area or
luxurious house of floor area is
9msq are requirement also the water
closet should have a minimum size of
1.2*o.9om. Similar to bath, latrines
also are provided in the rear
courtyard. And two types of bath and
w.c single and combined bath and
w.c.
 LOCATION AND PURPOSE: it should
be attached to bed room preferably
independent and should be exposed to
sunlight. It also has adequate privacy. Bath
room and w.c in upper floor should be
placed above on top of those below. It’s
used to bathing and w.c and a towel rail and
small storage rack for keeping brushes,
soaps and other equipments should be
provided in the bath room.

30. DINING ROOM
it is a space used mainly for eating purpose.
is a luxury and wasteful the room is used only an hour to during
breakfast, lunch and dinner in 24 hours.
Normally the most suitable place for dining room is between living
room and kitchen.

31. DINING ROOM
SIZE: the floor area of a separated dining room depends on the type
of furniture and the number of persons to be served at a time minimum
width of the room may be 3m .minimum floor area should be 10msq
and the maximum floor area should 20msq. And dining table is
generally 1.1m wide 60cm of table length is assumed per person .the
minimum area for a cooking recess is 5 to 6msq, and 8 to 10msq,
and12 to 14msq for normal kitchens with dining.

32. VERENDAH
:-it a waiting or recreation area attached with bed room or other
rooms its serves to look the outside of the building.

33. VERENDAH
LOCATION AND PURPOSE: it’s attached to bed room
family room and other rooms it’s a waiting room for a
stranger or a visitor before he is lead in to the recreation
room. It serves as a passage giving an independent access
to other rooms of the house and sitting in the evenings or
by night after dinner. To protects the wall of the house
from being heated by exposure to the sun rays.
SIZE: it is sacra comfort on the south and west is in
dispensable.it is suitable put verandah on east and north. It
is not more than 1m to 1.20 wide of the width.

34. GARRGE
 - it is used to car parking in modern residential building the motor garage is
free from the nuisance but the contrary it would be great connivance as one
need not have to walk over in the rain
 LOCATION AND PURPOSE: it build inside 0f the building and in the
corner of the plot. Being quite close and handing one can look it and the cars
up keep can much better after return from sopping can bring in the purchases
directly from the car in the building.
 SIZE: the width of the garage has to be 2.5m to 3m and length 5m to 6m
ordinary more than 2.1m height of ceiling not required and rolling shutters
are preferable to folding shutters.

35. What is case study?
Case Study Of Residential Houses
Case study is doing for the
research to collect and
analysis the merit and
demerit of buildings.
Local case study 1
 Residential building
 Location:- Bole
Adam town
Ethiopia

36. The building profile
 Residential house
 Type:- bungalow
 Story:- Ground(0)
story
 No of rooms:- 5
 Size of the site:-
120 sq.m
 It has L shape
orientation

37. DEMERIT OF THE HOUSE

38. DEMERIT OF THE HOUSE
Location of the house
The house is located near from the main road so the house holder is
affected by the car noises and peoples.It is not quite and convenient
for living
Beautification of the building
On the surrounding there are a lot of unwanted plants and there are so
many grubby in the surrounding. The house is not that much attractive
for the viewer.
The solar light
They don’t get that much light from the morning sun because
 there are 2 big trees are located in the front of the house.
The roof system
The roof system is not pitched roof it is flat so they can easily affected
by the warm temperature.
According to the house holder
According to the house holder there are no enough space for children
bedroom in the house and it don’t have a kitchen.

39. MERIT OF THE HOUSE
Location of the house
The house is located near from the main road so the house holder is
easily can get transportation and shopping.

40. Beautification of the building
The house is well plastered.
Circulation and space
the surrounding have so many free space so the house holder
easily circulate and the can put different things on the
surrounding for example 1-3 car and materials.
The orientation of the house
The house is surrounded by a big fencing because of this,
they get good air.

41. International Case Study

42. Profile Of The Building
Location: - Colorado,
America
 Foundation Type: -Poured Concrete Walls
 Foundation Visibility: -10% of the foundation was visible.
 Basement Type: -Traditional Finished
 Columns: -Not Visible
 Floor Structure: -Concrete and Wood Joists
 Wall Structure: -Wood Frame
 Ceiling Structure: -Joists and Trusses
 Roof Structure: -Trusses
 Exterior Walls: Exterior walls appear to be plumb.

43.  Observation- The roof coverings appear to be in good condition. The steep
pitch of the roof should result in a longer than normal life expectancy for
roof coverings. The roof showed no evidence of any leaks.
DESCRIPTION OF ROOFING
 Roof Type: ·Asphalt Shingle
 Roof Flashings:Roofing Material (Shingles)/Metal
 Chimneys: ·Metal
 Roof Drainage System: ·Galvanized Steel
 Drainage Discharge: ·Downspouts, with drain extensions, discharge above
grade away from Foundation
 LIMITATIONS OF ROOFING INSPECTION
 Not all of the underside of the roof sheathing is inspected for evidence of
leaks.
 Evidence of prior leaks may be disguised by interior finishes

44. Exterior
DESCRIPTION OF EXTERIOR
Wall Covering: ·Exterior Insulated Finish System (EIFS) Brick
Exterior Doors: ·Solid Wood Metal Sliding Glass
Window/Door Frames and Trim: ·Vinyl-Covered Wood

45. LIMITATIONS OF EXTERIOR INSPECTION
Lot Drainage
Drainage was away from the house.
Porch
No visible defects were noted in the porch.
INTERIOR
Windows
No visible defects were noted in the windows. Most
windows are in good condition. The windows on the west
wall where moisture was indicated need to be resealed
and any cracks repaired.

46. LIMITATIONS OF EXTERIOR INSPECTION
 Lot Drainage
• Drainage was away from the house.
 Porch
 No visible defects were noted in the porch.
INTERIOR

47. Building floor plan

48.  Floors and Windows
 No major defects were observed in the floors. Located throughout the home.
 Doors
 Defects were noticed in doors. Located throughout the home. The front storm door
is in need of minor adjustment as it drags on the front porch when opened.
 Kitchen Counters
 Kitchen counter top showed normal wear for a home of this age.
 Kitchen Cabinets
 Kitchen cabinets were typical with normal wear for a home of this age. Located in
the kitchen.
 Skylights
 None
 Stairways
 No major defects were observed in the stairs. Located throughout the home.
 Basement Leakage
 No evidence of outside moisture entering the basement.

49. Fixture
FIREPLACES / WOOD STOVES
 Sump Pump
 There is a sump pit but no pump. No
pump is deemed necessary at this time
as the pit was dry.
 Waste Ejector Pump
 None
 Laundry Pump
 None
 Sauna
 None

50. Fireplaces
• Gas Burning Steel Firebox Located in the master
bathroom. Located in: the living room.
Wood/Coal Stoves
 None
Vents, Flues, Chimneys
 Not Visible
Combustion Air
 Inside Combustion Air Employed

51. THANKS FOR LISIN
GOOD BYE!