1. How new modern materials prompted changes in architecture in the .pdf
History about Aluminum
1. History about Aluminum
Aluminum is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic number 13. It
is a silvery white, soft, ductile metal. Stable aluminum is created when hydrogen fuses with
magnesium either in large stars or in supernovae. Aluminum is used in many fields and you
can find the information in aluminum extrusion catalogue. What do you know about
aluminum’s history?
2. Ancient Greeks and Romans used aluminum salts as dyeing mordants and as astringents for
dressing wounds; alum is still used as a styptic. The metal was first produced in 1825 in an
impure form by Danish physicist and chemist Hans. Friedrich conducted a similar experiment
in 1827 by mixing anhydrous aluminum chloride with potassium and yielded aluminum. He is
generally credited with isolating aluminum. Further, Pierre Berthier discovered aluminum in
bauxite ore and successfully extracted it. Frenchman Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville
improved W?hler's method in 1846, and described his improvements in a book in 1859, chief
among these being the substitution of sodium for the considerably more expensive
potassium.
Prior to commercial electrical generation in the early 1880s and the Hall-Héroult process in
the mid 1880s, aluminums were exceedingly difficult to extract from its various ores. This
made pure aluminums more valuable than gold. Bars of aluminums were exhibited at the
Exposition Universelle of 1855. Aluminum was selected as the material to be used for the
100 ounce capstone of the Washington Monument in 1884, a time when one ounce cost the
daily wage of a common worker on the project. Hall's process, in 1888 with the financial
backing of Alfred E. Hunt, started the Pittsburgh Reduction Company today known as Alcoa.
Héroult's process was in production by 1889 in Switzerland at Aluminum Industries, now
Luxfer Group and Alcoa, by 1896 in Scotland. By 1895, the metal was being used as a
building material as far away as Sydney, Australia in the dome of the Chief Secretary's
Building.
Many navies have used an aluminum superstructure for their vessels; the 1975 fire aboard
USS Belknap that gutted her aluminum superstructure, as well as observation of battle
damage to British ships during the Falklands War, led to many navies switching to all steel
superstructures. The Arleigh Burke class was the first such U.S. ship, being constructed
entirely of steel.
aluminiumsupplier.com.cn formerly known as Guangdong Xingfa Aluminum Profile Factory
was established in 1984. As one of the earliest enterprises engaged in aluminum profile in
Mainland China, the Company has become a famous and large-scaled enterprise specialized
in production of aluminum profiles for both architecture and industry, with its yearly capacity
of 150,000 tons. The Company is the production base for aluminum alloy designated by the
Ministry of Construction of China, and it was awarded "No.1 of Top-Ten National Aluminum
Profile Enterprises".
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