XPDS16: Scope and Performance of Credit-2 Scheduler. - Anshul Makkar, Ctirix Systems UK Ltd.

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Credit 2 Scheduler was designed with the following goals in mind: to be functionally complete, have algorithmic improvements, be scalable, and have improved performance compared to Credit 1 Scheduler. Various tests were performed measuring boot times, login times, network throughput, and storage performance on systems with varying numbers of VMs, CPUs, RAM, and storage configurations. Credit 2 Scheduler demonstrated improvements over Credit 1 Scheduler across most of the metrics tested.

Technologie

 Credit 2 designed for following goals in mind:
 Functionally Complete
 Algorithmic improvement
 Scalable
 Improved Performance

BootStorm: Total duration from invoking 1st VM start until nth VM finishes logging in
Credit1 : Yellow, credit2 : Blue
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor.126 VMs with 1 GB RAM each Guest : Win7_64

Bootstorm: Longest-gap-between-consecutive-invocations-of-VM-start
credit1 : Yellow, Credit2 : Blue
System:126 VMs with 1 GB RAM each Guest: Win7_64

Bootstorm : Duration of nth VM cloned.
credit1 : Blue , credit2 : Yellow .
System: 4 Hosts, each with 4 socket 64 cores 64 logical processor. 100 VMs cloned per host with 1 vcpu each.

LogVSI: Time taken by each session to finish in each VM.
credit1 : Yellow, Credit2: Blue
System: 4 socket, 60 cores, 120 logical processor. 600 VMs with 1 vcpu each.
Credit1
Credit2

Vm-vm intrahost nw throughput sum of threads over time.
Credit1: Blue, Credit2: Yellow
System: 2 socket , 12 cores, 24 logical Processor. 20 Debian 6b VMs with 1 vcpu each, 1 vif.

Vm-vm intrahost nw throughput individual threads over time.
Credit1: Blue, Credit2: Yellow
System: 2 socket , 12 cores, 24 logical Processor. 20 Debiaan 6 VM with 1 vcpu and 1 vif.

vm-vm nvif interhost network throughput sum of threads in all vifs (Jumbo)
credit1 : Blue, credit2 : Yellow
System: 8 cores, 16 logical processors. 20 Debian 6 VMs with 1 VIF each and 1 vcpu
Credit1

vm-vm nvif interhost nw throughput for each thread per vf pair. (Jumbo)
credit1 : Blue, Credit2 : Yellow
System: System: 8 cores, 16 logical processors. 20 Debian 6 VMs with 1 VIF each and 1 vcpu
Credit1
Credit2

vm-vm nvif interhost nw throughput for each thread over time.. (Jumbo)
credit1 : Blue, credit2 : Yellow.
System: 2 socket , 2 cores, 1 Guest Debian6, 1 vcpus, 512 MB RAM
Credit1

vm-vm nvif interhost network throughput sum of threads in all vifs
credit1 : Blue, credit2 : Yellow
System: 8 cores, 16 logical processors. 20 Debian 6 VMs with 1 VIF each and 1 vcpu

vm-vm nvif interhost nw throughput for each thread per vf pair.
credit1 : Blue, Credit2 : Yellow
System: System: 8 cores, 16 logical processors. 20 Debian 6 VMs with 1 VIF each and 1 vcpu

vm-vm nvif interhost nw throughput for each thread over time..
credit1 : Blue, credit2 : Yellow.
System: 2 socket , 2 cores, 1 Guest Debian6, 1 vcpus, 512 MB RAM

Aggregate disk throughput (in bytes per second)
Credit1: 1480864 : Blue
Credit2: 1480954 : Yellow
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor. 1 VM with 1 vcpu.
Credit1

Aggregate disk throughput (in bytes per second)
Credit1: Blue
Credit2: Yellow
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor. 20 VM per SE with 1 vcpu.

Aggregate disk throughput (in bytes per second) 512 bytes block size.
Credit1: Blue
Credit2: Yellow
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor. 20 VM per SE with 1 vcpu.

Aggregate disk throughput (in bytes per second) block size 2048 bytes
Credit1: Blue
Credit2: Yellow
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor. 20 VM per SE with 1 vcpu.

Aggregate disk throughput (in bytes per second) block size 32768
Credit1: Blue
Credit2: Yellow
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor. 20 VM per SE with 1 vcpu.

Aggregate disk throughput (in bytes per second) block size: 131072 bytes
Credit1: Blue
Credit2: Yellow
System: 4 socket, 64 core, 64 logical processor. 20 VM per SE with 1 vcpu.

Credit 1 Credit 2
Audio Comparison
1 socket 4 core, 8 logical processor
4 Centos 6 VMs with 2 VCPU each running Linux kernel compilation.
1 Windows VM with 1 VCPU running Windows Player.

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OSSJP/ALS19: The Road to Safety Certification: Overcoming Community Challeng...

The Linux Foundation

Safety certification is one of the essential requirements for software to be used in highly regulated industries. The Xen Project, a secure and stable hypervisor that is used in many different markets, has been exploring the feasibility of building safety certified products on top of Xen for a year, looking at key aspects of its code base and development practices. In this session, we will lay out the motivation and challenges of making safety certification achievable in open source and the Xen Project. We will outline the process the project has followed thus far and highlight lessons learned along the way. The talk will cover technical enablers, necessary process and tooling changes and community challenges offering an in-depth review of how Xen Project is approaching this exciting and and challenging goal.

OSSJP/ALS19: The Road to Safety Certification: How the Xen Project is Making...

The Linux Foundation

2018 saw fundamental shifts in security boundaries which were previously taken for granted. A lot of work has been done in the past 2 years, and largely in secret under embargo, but there is plenty more work to be done to strengthen the existing mitigations and to try to recover some performance without reopening security holes. This talk will look at speculative execution sidechannels, the work which has already been done to mitigate the security holes, and future work which hopes to bring some improvements.

XPDDS19: Speculative Sidechannels and Mitigations - Andrew Cooper, Citrix

The Linux Foundation

The Arm architecture provides a set of guidelines that any software should abide by when accessing the memory with MMU off and update page-tables. Failing to do so may result in getting TLB conflicts or breaking coherency. In a previous talk ("Keeping coherency on Arm"), we focused on updating safely the stage-2 (aka P2M) page-tables. This talk will focus on the boot code and Xen memory management. During this session, we will introduce some of the guidelines and when they should be used. We will also discuss how Xen boot sequence needs to be reworked to avoid breaking the guidelines.

XPDDS19: Keeping Coherency on Arm: Reborn - Julien Grall, Arm ltd

The Linux Foundation

For many years the QEMU codebase has contained PV backends for Xen guests, giving them paravirtual access to storage, network, keyboard, mouse, etc. however these backends have not been configurable as QEMU devices as their implementation did not fully adhere to the QEMU Object Model (QOM). Particularly the PV storage backend not using proper QOM devices, or qdevs, meant that the QEMU block layer needed to maintain legacy code that was cluttering up the source. This was causing push-back from the maintainers who did not want to accept any patches relating to that Xen backend until it was 'qdevified'. In this talk, I'll explain the modifications I made to QEMU to achieve 'qdevification' of the PV storage backend, how compatibility with the libxl toolstack was maintained, and what the next steps in both QEMU and libxl development should be.

XPDDS19: QEMU PV Backend 'qdevification'... What Does it Mean? - Paul Durrant...

The Linux Foundation

PCI is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer, and is the main peripheral bus on modern x86 systems. As such, having a proper way to emulate it is crucial for Xen to be able to expose both fully emulated devices or passthrough devices to guests. This talk will focus on the current status of PCI emulation in Xen, how and where it is used, what are its main limitations and future plans to improve it in order to be more robust and modular.

XPDDS19: Status of PCI Emulation in Xen - Roger Pau Monné, Citrix Systems R&D

The Linux Foundation

XPDDS19: [ARM] OP-TEE Mediator in Xen - Volodymyr Babchuk, EPAM Systems

The Linux Foundation

Xen is a very powerful hypervisor with a talented and diverse developers community. Despite the fact it's almost everywhere (from the Cloud to the embedded world), it can be difficult to set up and manage as a system administrator. General purpose distros have Xen packages, but that's just a start in your Xen journey: you need some tooling and knowledge to have a working and scalable platform. XCP-ng was built to overcome those issues: by bringing Xen to the masses with a fully turnkey distro with Xen as its core. It's the logical sequel to the XCP project, with a community focus from the start. We'll see how it happened, what we did, and what's next. Finally, we'll see the impact of XCP-ng on the Xen Project.

XPDDS19: Bringing Xen to the Masses: The Story of Building a Community-driven...

The Linux Foundation

XPDDS19: Will Robots Automate Your Job Away? Streamlining Xen Project Contrib...

The Linux Foundation

High level toolstacks for server and cloud virtualization are very mature with large communities using and supporting them. Client virtualization is a much more niche community with unique requirements when compared to those found in the server space. In this talk, we’ll introduce a client virtualization toolstack for Xen (redctl) that we are using in Redfield, a new open-source client virtualization distribution that builds upon the work done by the greater virtualization and Linux communities. We will present a case for maturing libxl’s Go bindings and discuss what advantages Go has to offer for high level toolstacks, including in the server space.

XPDDS19: Client Virtualization Toolstack in Go - Nick Rosbrook & Brendan Kerr...

The Linux Foundation

Today Xen is scheduling guest virtual cpus on all available physical cpus independently from each other. Recent security issues on modern processors (e.g. L1TF) require to turn off hyperthreading for best security in order to avoid leaking information from one hyperthread to the other. One way to avoid having to turn off hyperthreading is to only ever schedule virtual cpus of the same guest on one physical core at the same time. This is called core scheduling. This presentation shows results from the effort to implement core scheduling in the Xen hypervisor. The basic modifications in Xen are presented and performance numbers with core scheduling active are shown.

XPDDS19: Core Scheduling in Xen - Jürgen Groß, SUSE

The Linux Foundation

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