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1. © 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Confidential
Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery in
Virtual & Cloud Environments
Liam Ferrel

2. 2 Confidential
Basic Outline for this session….
CAMPUS
METRO / SYNC
DISTANCE SYNC / ASYNC

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Availability Design Myths
 One solution fits all
 One solution is cheaper
 One is easier to implement
 One is easier to manage its just “Next > Next > Finish”
 So you and this powerpoint will tell me which solution I need?
• No
• All solutions have pros / cons
• All implementations are different
• All customer profiles are different
• Use this information to define what will work for you, you have to live it and
breath it

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Keep it Simple
(Don’t take offence at the next 4 slides)

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“Disaster” Avoidance – Host Level
“Hey… That host WILL need to go down
for maintenance. Let’s vMotion to avoid
a disaster and outage.”
X
This is vMotion.
Most important
characteristics:
• By definition, avoidance,
not recovery.
• “non-disruptive” is
massively different than
“almost non-
disruptive”

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“Disaster” Recovery – Host Level
Hey… That host WENT down due to unplanned
failure causing a unplanned outage due to that
disaster. Let’s automate the RESTART of the
affected VMs on another host.
X
This is VMware HA.
Most important
characteristics:
• By definition recovery
(restart), not avoidance
• Simplicity, automation,
sequencing

7. 7 Confidential
Disaster Avoidance – Site Level
Hey… That site WILL need to go down
for maintenance. Let’s vMotion to avoid
a disaster and outage.
This is Long Distance
vMotion.
Most important
characteristics:
• By definition, avoidance,
not recovery.
• “non-disruptive” is
massively different than
“almost non-
disruptive”
X

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Disaster Recovery – Site Level
Hey… That site WENT down due to unplanned
failure causing a unplanned outage due to that
disaster. Let’s automate the RESTART of the
affected VMs on another host.
This is Disaster Recovery.
Most important characteristics:
• By definition recovery (restart),
not avoidance
• Simplicity, testing, split brain
behavior, automation,
sequencing, IP address
changesX

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Types

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Site A Datastore
Type 1: “Stretched Single vSphere Cluster”
vMotion
vCenter Server
vSphere Cluster
Site A hosts
ESXiESXiESXiESXi
Site B Datastore
Site B hosts
ESXiESXiESXiESXi
Active / Active Storage

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One little note re: “Intra-Cluster” vMotion
 Intra-cluster vMotions can be highly parallelized
• With vSphere 4.1 and vSphere 5 it’s up to 4 per host/128 per datastore if using
1GbE
• 8 per host/128 per datastore if using 10GbE
 Need to meet the vMotion network requirements
• 622Mbps or more,
• 5ms RTT (upped to 10ms RTT if using Metro vMotion - vSphere 5 Enterprise
Plus)
• Layer 2 equivalence for vmkernel (support requirement)
• Layer 2 equivalence for VM network traffic (required)

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vSphere Cluster
Site A Datastore
Type 2: “Multiple vSphere Clusters”
vMotion
vCenter Server
vSphere Cluster
Site A hosts
ESXiESXiESXiESXi
Site B Datastore
Site B hosts
ESXiESXiESXiESXi
Active / Active Storage

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One little note re: “Inter-Cluster” vMotion
 Inter-Cluster vMotions are serialized
• Involves additional calls into vCenter, so hard limit
• Lose VM cluster properties (HA restart priority, DRS settings, etc.)
 Need to meet the vMotion network requirements
• 622Mbps or more
• 5ms RTT (upped to 10ms RTT if using Metro vMotion w vSphere 5 Enterprise
Plus)
• Layer 2 equivalence for vmkernel (support requirement)
• Layer 2 equivalence for VM network traffic (required)

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Stretched Cluster Considerations
Most networks lacks site awareness, so stretched clusters
introduce new networking challenges.
 With all storage configurations:
• The movement of VMs from one site to another doesn’t update
the network
• VM movement causes “horseshoe routing” (LISP and other
technologies, help address this)
• You’ll need to use multiple isolation addresses in your VMware
HA configuration

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vSphere Cluster B
Site A Datastore
Type 3: “Site to Site Replication & Recovery”
vCenter
Server A
vSphere Cluster A
Site A hosts
ESXiESXiESXiESXi
Site B Datastore
Site B hosts
ESXiESXiESXiESXi
vCenter
Server B
Array-based (sync, async or
continuous) replication or vSphere
Replication (async)
SRM Server SRM Server

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Protection Groups
 Collection of VMs that are protected together
• Grouping enforced by storage layout (lun or consistency group) for array
based replication (ABR). Per VM for vSphere Replication
VMFS
LUN
VMFS
LUN
VMFS
LUN
Datastore Groups Protection Groups

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Recovery Plans & Protection Groups
Protection Group - A
Protection Group - B
Recovery Plan for Groups A&B
✔
✔
Protection Group - A
Protection Group - B

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Recovery Plans
 Essentially an automated “runbook”
for recovery
• Consists of one or more protection groups
• Controls every step of recovery process
• Storage (presentation)
• Network Customization (portgroup connection
and/or address changes)
• Power On Sequencing (dependencies
settable)
• Suspension of non essential workloads
• Invocation of customer defined pre/post
power on scripts (optional)
• Steps executed influenced by workflow
selected i.e Planned Migration / DR / Test
Failover
• Consists of one or more protection groups

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Group 5Group 4Group 3Group 2Group 1
Sequencing
Database
Apache
Desktop
Desktop
Desktop
Desktop
Apache
Apache
Mail SyncExchange
App Server
Master
Database
App Server
Database

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Test Failover – Non Disruptive
2
0
Protection Group
VMFS
LUN
Source Storage
(R/W)
VMFS
LUN
Replica Storage
(R/O)
VMFS
SNAP
Snapshot of Replica
Storage (R/W)
Test NetworkPlaceholder VMs
1 2 3

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Failover
2
1
Protection Group
VMFS
LUN
Source Storage
(R/W)
VMFS
LUN
Replica Storage
(R/O)
VMFS
LUN
Replica Storage
Promoted (R/W)
Live NetworkPlaceholder VMs
1 2 3

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 Automated Failback
• Available for ALL SAN Replication SRA’s
• Implemented via new “Reprotect” workflow
• Resets protected state for workloads migrated or recovered
• Single button invocation
• “Flips” Protection Group and Recovery Plan states A->B becomes B->A
• No requirement to manually recreate objects
Automated Failback (Reprotect)

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What if we don’t have SAN replication?

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Introducing vSphere Replication (VR)

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VR Basics
 Adding native replication to SRM
• Virtual machines can be replicated regardless of the underlying storage
• Enables replication between heterogeneous datastores
• Replication is managed as a property of a virtual machine
• Efficient replication minimizes impact on VM workloads
source target

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When To Use Stretched vSphere Clusters?
Campus / nearby sites
• Sites within Synchronous distance
• Two buildings on a common campus
• Two datacenters within a city
Planned migration important
• Long-distance vMotion for planned maintenance, disaster avoidance, or load
balancing
DR Features less critical
• No testing, orchestration, or automation
• VMware HA typically not sufficient for automation – requires scripting /
manual process due to VM placement with primary / secondary arrays
• RTOs typically longer

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When To Use Site Recovery Manager?
Longer-distance DR sites
• Any sites separated by >100km
• Any sites separated by <100km which could still be categorized as “DR”
where DR features are important
DR Features critical
• Non-disruptive testing
• Automated / Reliable / Repeatable / Auditable DR process
• Customizable recovery workflows
Planned migration with downtime ok
• Couple of hours downtime acceptable
• Planned migration not done routinely – mostly for disaster avoidance, and
infrequently for planned maintenance

28. 28 Confidential
Software Defined Availability: vCloud Services
Software
Defined
Availability
Clustering
Disaster
Recovery
Replication
Data
Protection
Availability
DR RTO
RPO
Storage
Performance
99.99%
1 hour
10 Min
High I/O
HighSecurity
1 TB
Unified
Any Class of Protection
Flexible Service Level Options
Tier 1
ServiceLevel
Tier 2 Tier 3
Bronze
99 %,
Low
Performance
Silver
99.9%,
Medium
Performance
Gold
99.99%,
High
Performance
Any Application
Traditional / Next-Gen Applications
Apps
Anywhere
Application Mobility Over Any Distance
(Metro/Geo)
Public
Cloud
Component Failures to Large Scale Disasters
Any Failure Scenario

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Thank you