Dr James Chemistry SPM Form 5 Chapter 2 Carbon compounds

1. Carbon compounds:
• Compounds that contain carbon as one of
their constituent elements
Carbon compounds can be divided to:
• Organic carbon compounds
• Inorganic carbon compounds
Carbon Compounds

2. Carbon Compounds
Organic Compound
Compounds that can be
obtained from living
things
Have low boiling points
and low melting point
Example: glucose,
protein, cellulose, starch,
vitamins
Inorganic Compound
Compounds that can be
obtained from non-living
things
Have high boiling points and
high melting point
Example: Carbon Monoxide
CO, Carbon Dioxide CO2,
Calcium Carbide CaC2

3.  Hydrocarbon are organic compounds which
contains carbon and hydrogen only.
 Hydrocarbon are the main source of fuel for
our industries.
 Natural resource of hydrocarbons:
• Petroleum, coal, natural gas, rubber tree
 Hydrocarbon can be divided to two:
• Saturated hydrocarbon
• Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon

4. Hydrocarbon
Carbon and Hydrogen
Saturated hydrocarbon
Contain only single
bonds
Example: alkanes
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Contain at least one multiple
bonds
Example: alkenes

5. The formula that shows the actual
numbers and types of atoms present in
a molecule.
Molecular formula Explanation
Propane, C3H8 Contains 3 carbon atoms and 8
hydrogen atoms
Pentane, C5H12 Contains 5 carbon atoms and
12 hydrogen atoms
Molecular formula

6. The formula that shows how the atoms
in a molecule are bonded together and
by what types of bonds
Molecular formula Structural formula
Propane, C3H8
Structural Formula

7.  Guideline to naming the carbon compound:
Have 2 components
Root Ending
Show the number of
carbon atoms in the
molecules
Show the family
of the compound
Naming of Carbon
Compound (IUPAC)

8. a) stem/root
Number
of
carbon
atom
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
stem Meth Eth Prop But Pent Hex Hept Oct Non Dec

9. b) suffix/ending
• Ending; different followed by the
homologous series
Homologous series Ending
Alkane ……ane
Alkene ……ene
Alcohol ……ol
Carboxylic acid ……oic acid
Ester ……yl ……..oate