1. Chapter 1
TRANSPORT
The Lymphatic system

2. Subtitle that we study last
lesson
 How blood pressure is regulated
 The circulatory system in human , fish
and amphibians
 The necessity for blood clotting
 Blood clotting
 Problem related to blood clotting

3. The lymphatic system
Formation and composition of interstitial fluid
 The pressure is enough to cause fluid
to leak from the blood into the space
between the cells.
 The fluid is known as interstitial fluid.
 Important for the exchange of
materials between blood and cell
 Question……
 What consists in the Interstitial fluid?

4.  Interstitial fluid consists of water,
dissolved nutrients, hormones,waste
product from blood.
 Does not contain R.B.C and platelets---
-too large to pass through capillaries
,but contain W.B.C can immersed
through the openings between capillary
cells.

5.  About 85%of the fluid that leaves the
blood at arterial end of the capillary re-
enter at the venous end.
 The interstitial fluid must returned to
the circulatory system to maintain the
normal blood volume.
 About 15% of the fluid that still remains
in the interstitial space.(4 litre fluid lost
each day)
 The fluid loss is returned to the blood
through the lymphatic system.

6. Area of high
blood pressure
Area of
lower blood
pressure

7. The Lymphatic System
 Lymphatic system is a one –way
system consisting lymph capillaries,
larger lymphatic vessels and lymph
nodes.
 Lymph capillaries are blind-ended
tubes that locates in the spaces
between the cells.
 The interstitial fluid that has not been
reabsorbed into the bloodstream goes
into the lymph capillaries.
 Once inside the lymph capillaries ,the
fluid is known as lymph.

8.  Lymph capillaries converge into larger
lymphatic vessels . Lymphatic vessels
contain valves to prevent the backflow of
the lymph.
 Lymph nodes located along that lymphatic
vessels .
 They produce and store lymphocytes to
protect the body against infection.
 Lymphatic vessels drains into one of the
two main channels that are thoracic duct
and right lymphatic duct.
 Question …
 Where the thoracic duct and right lymphatic
duct receive lymph?

9.  The thoracic duct receive lymph from the left
side of the head ,neck and chest.
 The right lymphatic duct from the right arm,
shoulder area, and the right side of the head
and neck.
 Thoracic duct empties its lymph into the left
subclavian vein while the right lymphatic duct
empties into the right subclavian vein.
 The lymph moves to the subclavian veins with
the help of
 (a)one–way valves
 (b)contraction of the surrounding skeletal
muscles
 (c) intestinal movement
 (d)Change in the pressure occur during
inhalation and exhalation

12. The role of the lymphatic system
in transport
 Lymphatic system helps maintain the fluid
balance in the body.
 If the excess fluid is not returned to the
bloodstream ,the body tissues become swollen
because too much of fluid.
 Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid in the
spaces between the cells is known as oedema.
 Oedema may cause by a blocked lymphatic
vessels.
 Water and nutrient diffuse from blood capillaries
into the surrounding body tissues.
 Lymph capillaries that transport droplets of lipids
and fat-soluble vitamins to the bloodstream are
called lacteals(in the villi of the small intestine).

13. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
COOPERATION