1. Name _________________________________________ Date ____________________
Chapter 3 – Scientific Measurement
Study Guide
• Qualitative vs. Quantitative measurements
• Scientific notation  decimal number
o Ex.) 3.45 x 10-3
o Ex.) 6.02 x 109
• Decimal number  scientific notation
o Ex.) 450,000,000
o Ex.) .0000000045
• Multiply and divide numbers in scientific notation
o What are the rules? What do you do with the coefficient? What do you do
with the exponent?
o Ex.) (5 x 10-5) x (11 x 104)
o Ex.) (8 x 106) / (4 x 103)
• Add and subtract numbers in scientific notation
o What are the rules? What do you do with the coefficient? What do you do
with the exponent?
o Ex.) (4 x 103) + (3 x 102)
o Ex.) (2 x 102) – (4 x 101)
• % error (know how to use the formula)
o Ex.) If the observed value for a density is 0.80 g/ml and the accepted value is
0.70 g/ml, what is the percent error?

2. • Rules of counting significant figures
o 0.078
o 798003
o 8000
o 8000.0
• Know how to round calculated answers to a given number of significant figures
o Ex.) Round 0.251 to 1 sig. fig.
• Rules for significant figures when adding and subtracting
• Rules for significant figures when multiplying and dividing
• What are the fundamental units of the SI system of measurements?
• SI prefixes and their meaning (Table C)
• What is volume?
• How does volume change with temperature?
• What is the difference between mass and weight?
• What are the Celsius and Kelvin scales of temperature?
• How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin or Kelvin to Celsius?

3. • Know how to use dimensional analysis to convert from one unit to another
• What is density?
• Know how to find Density using the formula
• Know how to find mass given the density and volume
• Know how to find volume given the mass and density
• How does density change as temperature increases?
Answers to example problems…
1.) 0.00345 2.) 4.5 x 108 3.) 4.5 x 10-9 4.) 6,020,000,000 5.) 5.5 x 100 6.) 2 x 103 7.) 4.3 x 103 8.) 1.6 x 102 9.) 14. %
10.) 2 11.) 6 12.) 1 13.) 5 14.) .3