1. Reactive Hazards Webinar September 15, 2008

4. Severe Reactive Chemical Incidents 4 12/13/94 Port Neal IA 6 5 2/19/99 Allentown PA 5 5 4/21/95 Lodi NJ 4 8 5/1/91 Sterlington LA 3 9 6/17/91 Charleston SC 2 17 7/5/90 Channelview TX 1 Fatalities Date Location

5. Severe Reactive Chemical Incidents 3 3/13/01 Augusta, GA 12 3 5/8/97 West Helena AR 11 3 5/27/94 Belpre OH 10 3 6/12/86 Barceloneta Puerto Rico 9 3 6/2/82 Gulfport MS 8 4 6/28/88 Auburn IN 7 Fatalities Date Location

17. What Chemicals are most often involved in Reactive Incidents? Source: CSB CSB Investigation of Reactive Incidents 79 Other 6 Hydrosulfite 6 Inorganic/metal 7 Hydrocarbon 8 Alcohol 10 Hypochlorite 12 Organic Peroxide 12 Base 14 Water 15 Monomer 20 Oxidizer 38 Acid No. of Incidents Chemical Class

18. What Types of Reactions cause Reactive Incidents? Source: CSB CSB Investigation of Reactive Incidents 8 Other 4 Oxidation/Reduction 5 Decomp by another reaction 6 Oxidation 10 Polymerization 10 Water Reactive 11 Acid/Base 26 Decomposition Percentage Reaction Type

19. Where Do Reactive Incidents Occur? Source: CSB CSB Investigation of Reactive Incidents Transfer Equipment 5% Reactor 25% Storage Equipment 22% Other Process Equipment 22% Separation Equipment 5% Unknown 8% Storage Drum 10% Waste Equipment 3%

20. Where Do Reactive Incidents Occur? Source: CSB CSB Investigation of Reactive Incidents Nearly 30% Storage, Handling, Consumer Sites 70% + Chemical Manufacturing Percent of Incidents Type of Facility

21. What are the Consequences of Reactive Incidents? Source: CSB CSB Investigation of Reactive Incidents 37% Toxic Gas Release 16% Fire/explosion and toxic release 5% Hazardous liquid spill 42% Fire/explosion Percent of Incidents Consequence

22. Identifying Reactive Hazards Identifying Reactive Hazards

29. Compatibility / Chemical Interaction Charts -1 Determine cleaning solution contents, e.g., ammonia, then determine reactions! Cleaning Solution REACTIVE Not Reactive Not Reactive Not Reactive Lube Oil REACTIVE REACTIVE REACTIVE Sulfuric Acid REACTIVE Not Reactive Water REACTIVE Acetic Anhydride Acetic Acid Cleaning Solution Lube Oil Sulfuric Acid Water Acetic Anhydride Acetic Acid Reaction Possible?