1) The document discusses Vinay Dabholkar's journey from computer science to cognitive science and references various concepts from cognitive science including predictive coding, the free energy principle, and embodied cognition.
2) It discusses several key papers and researchers that helped establish predictive coding approaches, including Rao and Ballard (1999), who proposed that perception can be modeled as Bayesian inference with feedback connections representing predictions.
3) More recent work by Karl Friston extended these ideas into the free energy principle, proposing that living systems act to minimize free energy and establish homeostasis through active inference based on hierarchical predictive processing.
4. A cyclistâs view on cycology
www.catalign.in 4
âIt seems that many people have virtually no understanding
of how bicycles workâ â Rebecca Lawson
https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/~rlawson/cycleweb.html
5. A cog-sci userâs perspective
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Design
Thinking
Mindfulness
on the go
Innovation
Strategy
11. Is it primarily an Elephant or a Rider problem?
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https://www.catalign.in/2013/11/is-8-steps-to-innovation-approach.html
12. Build Pipeline Improve velocity Enhance batting average
How
to
sustain
the
change? What to improve?
Direct
the
Rider
Motivate
the
Elephant
Shape
the
Path
13. Is âvelocityâ problem the trickiest?
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Could âFear of failureâ be one of the
major hindrances?
16. Black Swan and Nassim Taleb
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âLearn to fail with pride, comfort and pleasureâ
Source: McKinsey Quarterly, Dec 2008
https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-pandemic-isnt-a-black-swan-but-a-
portent-of-a-more-fragile-global-system
17. 2 key takeaways from âBlack swanâ
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âDo more trial
and errorâ
Confirmation
bias
https://www.catalign.in/2009/07/confirmation-bias-and-curse-of.html
https://www.catalign.in/2009/01/overcoming-prediction-disability.html
19. Doing the last experiment first
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https://www.catalign.in/2020/12/doing-last-experiment-first-illustrated.html
Image source: youtube.com
âIt felt as comfortable and natural as a walk in the park.â
--Alex Honnold
20. A view of cognitive science
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_science
ïŒ
23. Problem discovery: the hardest part?
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âGetting people to talk: An ethnography
and interviewing primerâ
https://www.catalign.in/2020/12/my-4-takeaways-from-getting-people-to.html
Q: How to represent data from âtheirâ perspective?
25. Perception trap
What You Believe Is What You See
(Confirmation bias)
What You See Is All There Is
(WYSIATI bias)
26. Fast mode of thinking
A
B C
We think, like we see
(fast, automatic, biased)
27. How strong are these biases?
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Image source: TED.com
Q: How is Danny Kahneman different after studying
biases for 50 years?
A: I donât think my intuitions have significantly
improved and I am very overconfident.
source: https://samharris.org/podcasts/150-map-misunderstanding/ March, 2019, 18:57-20:25
28. Replication crisis in social sciences
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_crisis
Q: What is the problem here?
A: Research is expensive. You want it to succeed. You
know what you want to find. And that creates biases
you are not fully aware of. A lot of this is self-delusion.
source: https://samharris.org/podcasts/150-map-misunderstanding/ March, 2019, 7:00
33. Tendency to go off-balance
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What if she starts doing drugs?
Hindi Medium trailer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GjkFr48jk68&t=39s
35. How do I do it?
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Is this the right question?
36. Jiddu Krishnamurti (1895-1986)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiddu_Krishnamurti
philosopher
âPerception is actionâ
-- Krishnamurti in Madras 1971, Talk 1
âclarity is actionâ
-- Commentaries on living I, 1956, p 183
https://kfoundation.org/a-perception-free-of-time/
https://www.catalign.in/2018/05/clarity-is-action-my-favorite.html
38. Sandwich model of cognition
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Perception Cognition Action
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/embodied-cognition/
Influenced by brain is a computer metaphor?
39. Is there a paradigm shift?
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https://www.mindcoolness.com/blog/bayesian-brain-predictive-processing/
40. Rao and Ballard 1999: A turning point?
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âIf there has been a paradigm shift, then one paper
played a key role at the tipping pointâ
-- Karl Friston, âDoes predictive coding have a future?â, 2018
42. 3 elements of Rao-Ballard approach
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Kalman
filtering like
hierarchical
predictive
coding process
Perception as
a Bayesian
inference with
a generative
model
Variational
Bayes via
stochastic
gradient descent
Rao and Ballard, 1999
Helmoltz, 1860s
Control Systems
Signal processing
Dayan-Hinton, 1995
Machine learning
Stochastic gradient
descent, 1950
43. Karl Fristonâs Free Energy Principle (FEP)
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FEP & Active
inference
Rao-Ballard
approach
Action as
inference
Any living
system
NESS systems,
Markov blanket
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_sQZeFRjR8 Karl Friston, âI am therefore I thinkâ, 2019
https://www.catalign.in/2020/01/my-3-takeaways-from-karl-fristons.html
45. Is perception action under active inference?
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âperception is a form of actionâ
Source: Ramstead, Kirchhoff and Friston, 2020, A tale of two densities
https://github.com/BerenMillidge/FEP_Active_Inference_Papers/blob/main/README.md
https://jaredtumiel.github.io/blog/2020/10/14/spinning-up-in-ai.html
46. Artificial active inferencing agents?
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Source: 1. Oliver et al (2020) âActive inference body perception and action for human robotsâ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3l9N972xjD8
2. Lanillos et al (2020) âRobot self/other distinction: active inference meets neural
networks learning in a mirrorâ
Is it me?
47. A view of cognitive science
www.catalign.in 47
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_science
ïŒ ïŒ
ïŒ
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ïŒ
ïŒ
Control Systems
Dynamical
systems
48. www.catalign.in 48
Could cycology and cycling
complement each other?
âCognition is embedded, extended,
embodied, enacted and affectiveâ
âThe 4 E-A approachâ â Maxwell Ramstead, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GKwHX8j-UgU,
25:30, âThe Free Energy Principle with Dr Maxwell Ramsteadâ, Sam Barton podcast, 2020