Presentatie Andrea Wallace. Display At Your Own Risk. Gegeven op de Studiedag Duurzaam Digitaliseren (16 december 2016, Museum Voor Schone Kunsten Gent) Georganiseerd door Vlaamse Kunstcollectie vzw & PACKED vzw.

1. Andrea Wallace / @AndeeWallace
CREATe, University of Glasgow, & the National Library of Scotland
Display At
Your Own
Risk

2. Digital surrogate Material surrogate
T E R M I N O L O G Y

3. S U R R O G AT E S : I N - C O P Y R I G H T v P U B L I C D O M AI N
© David Hockney
License this image
© Tate, CC-BY-NC-ND
License this image

4. NAME THAT
ARTWORK
WRONG.
RMN-Grand Palais & Michel Urtado
x200_84749_11-564761, 2014
Ascends into the public domain in 2090

5. = originality© new work
new author
new © term
=

6. ‘Crowd looking at the Mona Lisa at the Louvre,’ by Victor Grigas, CC BY-SA 4.0, available at:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40250423

7. © Tate, London 2014
© The British Library Board © The National Archives (?)
© The National Archives (?)
© Glasgow Life
© Gemäldegalerie der Staatlichen
Museen zu Berlin
© Kansallisgalleria 2014© RMN-Grand Palais (Musée
d'Orsay) / Hervé Lewandowski

9. Leonardo Da Vinci
L E T ’ S G E T M E TA: E XH I B I T I O N O F C U LT U R AL I N S T I T U T I O N S ’ W O R K S
Musée du Louvre
1
2
PUBLIC
DOMAIN
©
‘Crowd looking at the Mona Lisa at the Louvre,’ by Victor Grigas,
CC BY-SA 4.0, available at:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40250423

10. National Library of Scotland, Glasgow Print Studio
L E T ’ S G E T M E TA: P R O D U C E D B Y I N S T I T U T I O N S
Glasgow University ArchivesServices
3
4

11. S O M E TA
A copy… (DAYOR Photo)
Of a copy... (DAYOR Print)
Of a copy... (TNA Photo)
Of an out-of-© work

13. Initial sample:
130 institutions
37 countries
• Policy (or not)
• Title
• Location
• Translations
• Online collections
• ©
• ©-by-contract
• Prohibitsall use
• Chargesfor
commerical use
Final sample:
52 institutions
26 countries
100 surrogates

15. FINDINGS

16. F I N D I N G S : O N L I N E P O L I C I E S ( T O N AM E JU S T A F E W )
• Impressum
• Copyright
• Legal Notice
• Rightsand Reproduction
• Rightsof Use
• Imprint
• Website Policy
• Contact
• Conditions
• FAQ
• Disclaimer Copyrights(which includesno such
disclaim of copyright)
• Open Access
• Copyright and Reproductions
• Intellectual Property RightsPolicy
• Terms of Use
• Terms and Conditions
• General termsof use for photo material
• Request photograph
• User Agreement
• Image Reproductionsand Copyright
• Copyright, permissionsand photography
• Disclaimer
• Image Usage Policy
• About thissite
• Using Images
130 institutions: “Copyright” most common – 16 institutions

17. TAT E | 2 0 1 6
1. Copyright, permissions and photography
2. Tate gallery rules
3. Website termsofuse
4. Image licensing
5. Copyright ‘orphanworks’
6. Creative Commonslicensesand Tate
7. Tate ImagesCopyright Policy
8. DigitalImages ReproductionPolicy (Tate Images)
9. Creative Commonscontent
10. A Brief Guide to Copyright.pdf
(65 pages)

18. Tate’smainwebsite digital surrogate (versionaccessed
30 October 2015)
Tate-images.com
TAT E | 2 0 1 6
Tate Imagescommercial websitedigital surrogate (version
accessed 2 July 2016)
Tate.org.uk
More restrictive

19. U N I T ED STAT ES
2 0 I N S T I T U T I O N S
© © ? – T&Cs restrict use No © - T&Csrestrict use No © = PublicDomain
• Art Institute ofChicago
• Detroit Institute ofArt
• FAMSF, San Francisco
• Guggenheim
• MetropolitanMuseum of Art
• Museum of Modern Art
• Museum ofFine Arts,Boston
• Museum ofFine Arts,Houston
• PhiladelphiaMuseum of Art
• Seattle Art Museum
• HuntingtonLibrary
• Minneapolis Institute of Art
• Smithsonian Institutes (19) • Davison Art Gallery
• Indianapolis Museum ofArt
• J. Paul Getty Museum
• Library ofCongress
• LosAngelesCnty Museum ofArt
• National Gallery ofArt
• WaltersArt Museum
10 2 1 7
1. © [CulturalInstitution]
2. Copyright-by-contract
3. Both
“All imageson Mia’s websites
that are not credited to anamed
personor organizationare
wholly ownedorlicensed by
the Minneapolis Institute of
Art.”
“The phrase ‘no known copyright
restriction’means. . . that the
Content isunlikely to be
protectedby copyright interests
and, in all likelihood,isin the
publicdomain . . .. [T]he
Smithsonian makes itscontent
available for personal,non-
commercial,and educational
uses consistent withthe
principlesoffair use.”
Expressly disclaimscopyright in
reproductionsofpublicdomain
materials

20. E U R O P E AN U N I O N
5 8 I N S T I T U T I O N S – R E MO V E D : 1 5 C O N T E MPO R A R Y A R T MU S E U MS ; 9 H A D N O © PO L I C Y
© No © . . . or isthere? No © = PublicDomain
• AcropolisMuseum
• Belvedere
• British Library
• British Museum
• Finnish National Gallery
• Galleriad’Arte Moderna
• Uffizi Gallery
• Kelvingrove Museum(Glasgow Life)
• Kunsthistorisches Museum
• Musée d'Orsay
• Musée du Louvre
• Musée du quaiBranly
• Musées royaux desBeaux-Arts
• Museo delPrado
• Museo Reina Sofia
• Rijksmuseum • British Library
• MKG Hamburg
• SMK Denmark
• National Library ofWales
• Rijksmuseum (?)
30 1 5 (more like 3)
1. © [CulturalInstitution]
2. Copyright-by-contract
3. Both
• No (real)online policy
• Encouragesreuse in
practice (Rijksstudio)
• © in metadataofall
digitalsurrogates
Expressly disclaimscopyright in
reproductionsofpublicdomain
materials(3)
• Museu Nacional Catalunya
• MKG Hamburg
• Museum ofLiverpool
• The National Archives(?)
• National Galleries,Scotland
• National Gallery,London
• National Library ofScotland
• National Museum Scotland
• National Portrait Gallery
• RoyalAcademy ofArts
• Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
• StedelijkMuseum Amsterdam
• Tate
• Van GoghMuseum
• Victoria&Albert Museum

21. F I N D I N G S : O N L I N E P O L I C I E S

22. DAYOR is a research-led exhibition
experiment concerned with the use and
reuse of digital surrogates of public do-
main works of art produced by cultural
heritage institutions of international
repute.
Please join us at The Lighthouse
in Glasgow for the Display At Your Own
Risk exhibition opening. The exhibition
opens on 8 June 2016 for one
night only.
A number of exhibition prints will be
given away by raffle at the close of
the evening.
Refreshments will be provided.
8 June 2016
6:00 ‒ 8:30 pm
The Lighthouse
Glasgow

26. Four-tier risk organization:
• Open/No Risk (14): use allowed
for any purpose; (28 works)
• Low (20): use allowed for personal,
non-commercial and educational
purposesonly; (39 works)
• Medium (13): use prohibited,
although legal exceptionsmay
apply; (19 works)
• High (9): use prohibited, and no
legal exception appearsto apply;
(14 works)

38. D AY O R R E S P O N S E S

39. D AY O R R E S P O N S E S

40. HOW “OPEN” ARE YOU?

41. BE ACCESSIBLE
IF THE PUBLIC CAN’T
FIND IT, HOW CAN THEY
FOLLOW IT?

42. 1. Copyright, permissions and photography
2. Tate gallery rules
3. Website termsofuse
4. Image licensing
5. Copyright ‘orphanworks’
6. Creative Commonslicensesand Tate
7. Tate ImagesCopyright Policy
8. DigitalImages ReproductionPolicy (Tate Images)
9. Creative Commonscontent
10. A Brief Guide to Copyright.pdf
(65 pages)
TAT E

43. M U S E E D ’ O R S AY

44. BE CLEAR
LEGALESE IS NOT A
UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE

45. The British Library:
“Copyright and Your use of the British Library Websites
The audio, video, text, images or other material made
available on this website "the Site" by the British Library to
you (collectively, the "Content") is either: protected by third-
party rights such as copyright or trademarks (for which the
British Library is permitted to make available to you), is
copyright to The British Library Board, or are materials which
are in the public domain or made available under a Creative
Commons licence.”

46. BE STRAIGHTFORWARD
USERS OFTEN JUST
DON’T KNOW

48. BE REALISTIC
YOUR CONTENT WILL
BE REUSED

50. “If you're putting it out on the internet to tens of
thousands of people, you can't expect people not to
save it and redistribute it. It's not how it works. The
internet is just like that.The only way to get around it
is to make sure you keep on top of yours and make
sure it keeps getting bigger."

51. BE HELPFUL
HELPING USERS
WILL HELP YOU

53. BE GENEROUS
YOU KNOW, AS MUCH
AS YOU CAN BE

55. USERS WANT ACCESS
AND IF WE DON’T PROVIDE
ACCESS THEY’RE GOING
TO BEAT US TO IT

56. #NEWPALMYRA
CCO
CyArk.org
NC, educational uses;
CC-BY-NC

59. SHARING IS CARING:
LEAD BY EXAMPLE

61. “If they want to have a Vermeer
on their toilet paper, I’d rather
have a very high-quality image
of Vermeer on toilet paper than
a very bad reproduction.”
Taco Dibbits
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

65. Reiss Engelhorn Museum v. Wikimedia Foundation and Wikimedia Deutschland
Rudolf Stricker, Wikimedia Commons

67. “. . . the question for us is who should decide whether and
especially how our holdings should be made available. Even
if one supports the free public accessibility of cultural items
on Wikipedia, it is difficult for us to comprehendthat a
single Wikipedia author claims the right to decide on their
own to release to everybody the results of work created
with public funds on Wikipedia for free and thus also for
commercial use.”
Prof. Dr. Alfried Wieczorek
General-Director of the Reiss Engelhorn Museum

68. “IMAGES IN THE PUBLIC
DOMAIN ARE LIKE TOOLS IN A
TOOLBOX – YOU CAN USE THEM
FOR ALL MANNERS OF
PURPOSES. FEEL FREE TO LET
YOUR IMAGINATION RUN WILD.”

71. Andrea Wallace
@andeewallace