Slides from event held at the University of Kingston, London on 22nd June 2016.

1. Teaching and Learning in the Open:
How does this Relate to ‘Excellence’?
Vivien Rolfe
@vivienrolfe
Intestinal Physiologist and Open Educator
CC BY (unless assets otherwise indicated)

2. Presentation for:
University of Kingston Teaching Excellence
Conference 22nd June 2016
This was a fantastic event organised by Dr Nick Freestone at Kingston. The audience
Comprised students and academic staff, mainly those involved in sciences. The
audience very enthusiastically received the idea of open educational resources and
there is a need here to support them in understanding about Creative Commons
licenses and to help them participate in the open science community.

3. How do you define
TEACHING EXCELLENCE?
Question posed to students and teachers in the audience. The main
idea from both sides was the importance of building effective relationships.
This is at the heart of what good teaching is all about.

4. PhD title: “Mechanisms of
action of E. coli STa”
Little girl with kwashiorkor By Dr. Lyle Conrad [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Available:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwashiorkor#/media/File:Starved_girl.jpg
In my talk I described a recent lecture with year two undergraduate students in which I
presented my PhD research from 15 years earlier. Here is a quote from my dissertation.

5. Mechanisms of intestinal secretion derived from the research.

6. Cl-
GC
STa
cGMP
CFTR
2Cl- Na+ K+
Transporter
Osmosis
Water
Nitrinergic
Myenteric secretory reflex
Remote secretion
? ?
Rolfe & Levin 1994, 1999
Water
Capsaicin-sensitive

7. Lin et al 2010, WHO 2016
• Globally ~ 6 million
children under the age of
5 die.
• Diarrhoea is joint leading
cause of death with
pneumonia.
• Disease is preventable
(good
sanitation/nutrition) and
exacerbated by
malnutrition as gut
becomes hypersecretory.
Mechanisms - 2010 Statistics - 2016

8. What do we conclude
about science?
I led this discussion with students at the time. Reflecting on how little the
field had advanced, other than providing new molecular detail, but how
this hadn’t impacted on the global statistics. We had an interesting conversation
about global distribution of wealth, and who determines global research agendas.

9. Rolfe VE & Levin RJ. (1998). Neural and non-
neural activation of electrogenic secretion by
5-HT. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 162, pp.
469-474.
Intense rivalry
and competition
between research
teams
Lack of reproducibility

10. Is there another way?

11. Maybe – through an open science approach?
Largest systematic
review ever with over 180
contributors.
Global consensus on the
management of Barrett’s
oesophagus across
15 medical areas
e.g. histology, endoscopy,
treatment.
Ethos of collaboration with
open critical review.
Big problem solved without
the need for big funding.

12. Giulia Forsythe, Google Images, CC BY (varying terms)
Open source
Open data
Open access
Open science
Open innovation
Open courses
Open educational resources (OERs)
Open practice
Open washing
Open textbooks

13. MIT
Open sharing of
course materials
2000
Creative Commons Open license
2001
Wikipedia Founded (2001); Wikimedia Foundation (2003)
Jorum ‘Open’ – UK national repository
2009
OpenLearn at Open University
2006
iTunesU / YouTube Edu
2007
2009 – 2012 Jisc UKOER funding
MITx / Coursera / Udacity xMOOCs
(learning platform; Coursera £60 million+
venture capital funding)
2012
UK FutureLearn xMOOC
2013 (£74 million)
cMOOCs in Canada (‘Connectivist’ – online learning
networks and communities)
2009
Stepping into the open….

14. OER@De Montfort University
UKOER Programme Funding 2009 – 2012
• 2008 VAL - Virtual Analytical Laboratory – lab skills
• 2010 SCOOTER – sickle cell health & medical resources
• 2010 TIGER – interprofessional learning
• 2012 MOER - midwifery
• 2012 Biology Courses – bioscience, forensics etc

15. Pathology slides from the
Leicester Royal Infirmary
DMU students as co-producers
Used for university-
biomedical science teaching
and hospital trainees.
Hospital
assets / data
Shared
benefits
DMU
Creates OER

16. Given with kind permission
by Dr Amy Livingstone
Wittenberg University
Out of
publication text
book
Global
resource
DMU release
with Creative
Commons

17. Fingerprint
Society
Shared
benefits
DMU
Creates OER
Finger print materials
and expert knowledge
Forensic Science
Quality control

18. Impact on students
• VAL – supported student transitions to lab
sciences. Built confidence (Rolfe 2009).
• “It is excellent to see such hard work being
distributed throughout the world for free. I
feel proud of the fact that I study at DMU”
(DMU student).
Rolfe 2009

19. Supporting global health promotion
• Sharing health policies /
guides under open license
for translation.
• Supported further funding
and REF Impact Case Study.

20. What does this mean for teachers and
institutions?
• The need for new digital literacies
• The need to consider new educational business models
(open texts reduce costs; z-degrees; 6 month degrees)
• Use of big datasets / open datasets in research
projects?
• How to explore the idea that the ‘classroom’ and the
‘lab’ aren’t the only spaces for teaching and research….
• OER TRANSFORMS TEACHING PRACTICE…. “It has
changed my practice in terms of whenever I’m doing
anything I think how could this be an OER or how could
it supplement what I’m doing” (DMU teacher)

21. Where are our boundaries?
• What are our ethical boundaries online? Do MOOCs provide
global education opportunities for all or are they about the
selling-on of student data; are illegal downloads of research
papers wrong or a good skill to have?
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/whos-downloading-pirated-papers-everyone

22. Thank you.
Vivien Rolfe
vivrolfe.com
@vivienrolfe
Jacob Escott CC BY-SA

23. Lin, J. E., Valentino, M., Marszalowicz, G., Magee, M. S., Li, P., Snook, A. E., ... &
Waldman, S. A. (2010). Bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins: translation of pathogenic
peptides into novel targeted diagnostics and therapeutics. Toxins, 2(8), 2028-2054.
Rolfe VE & Levin RJ. (1994). Enterotoxin E. coli STa activates a NO-dependent myenteric
plexus secretory reflex. Journal of Physiology 475.3, pp. 531-537.
Rolfe VE & Levin RJ. (1999). Vagotomy inhibits the jejunal fluid secretion activated by
luminal ileal Escherichia coli STa. Gut 44, pp. 615-619.
Rolfe VE. (2009). Development of a Virtual Analytical Laboratory (VAL) multimedia
resource to support student transition to laboratory science at university. HEA
Bioscience Case Study. pp. 1-5. At:
http://www.bioscience.heacademy.ac.uk/ftp/casestudies/Vrolfe.pdf
WHO 2016 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs178/en/
References