Social media and oral health
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Access to oral health care services around the world is limited by a lack of universal coverage. The internet and social media can be an important source for patients to access supplementary oral health related information
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Social media and oral health
- 1. Social Media and Oral Health Presented by : Dr. Vini Mehta MDS II 1
- 2. Contents Introduction What is social media Types of social media Social media Ecology Guidance on using social media Benefits of using social media Uses of social media for health communication 2
- 3. Health Education Apps Limitations Challenges Ethical Considerations Recommendations Conclusion References 3
- 4. Introduction Social media has moved beyond being a tool for young individuals to share their private lives (pictures, messages) to fostering serious discussion on technology and business. Social media is making interactions between end users and service providers possible by providing relatively simple, easy to access and unbiased platforms for sharing feedback. Access to oral health care services around the world is limited by a lack of universal coverage. The internet and social media can be an important source for patients to access supplementary oral health related information 4
- 5. What is social media ? Social Media is an online platform for communicating and engaging with the public Social Media is shifting communication into an interactive two-way approach by producing a dialogue between those either receiving or delivering the information (Hawn, 2009) Some major Social Media examples include Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. 5
- 6. Types of Social Media • synchronous face-to-face communication different types of social media Media related component • self-presentation, whereby individuals’ interactions have the purpose of trying to control others’ impressions of them. Social dimension 6
- 8. Guidance on using Social Media Standards of dental team states that : You must not post any information or comments about patients on social networking or blogging sites. If you use professional social media to discuss anonymised cases for the purpose of discussing best practice you must be careful that the patient or patients cannot be identified You must treat colleagues fairly and with respect, in all situations and all forms of interaction and communication. You must not bully, harass, or unfairly discriminate against them Social media should not be used as a way of raising concerns . 8
- 9. Benefits of using Social Media Increase interactions with others More available , shared and tailored information Increased accessibility and widening access Peer / social / emotional support Public health surveillance 9
- 10. Uses of social media for health communication Provide health information on a range of conditions Provide answers to medical questions Facilitate dialogue between patients to patients, and patients and health professionals Collect data on patient experiences and opinions Used for health intervention, health promotion and health education Provide online consultations 10
- 12. Web Based Application These kind of health education apps/ software’s require internet to run and provides a platform for consumers to access health information. Various kind of health education web based apps/ software’s are as follows : • YouTube • Google • Twitter • Facebook • LinkedIn • Websites such as DCI, WHO • Yahoo answers • Online journals 12
- 13. Websites which are already present for oral health education. April 25, 2011 -- The ADA entered into an agreement with Sharecare, an online resource that allows the public to submit health-related questions and have them answered by health professionals, to provide dental- specific expertise to the site Young Dental has produced a brochure to help patients better understand the oral-systemic health link. The brochure can be downloaded free at http://www.youngdental.com/pdf/OralHealthLit.pdf, or by visiting the Young Dental site The Oral Cancer Foundation has put together a nice web site for professionals and patients alike, www.oralcancerfoundation.org. The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research have a web page full of educational resources at http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/EducationalResources/. 13
- 14. Desktop based Application These kind of health education apps are of two kinds i.e. online apps & offline apps. Examples • Diagnostic software • Public health and surveillance • Dental management and patient record • Imaging/visualization 14
- 15. Mobile based Application Smart phones, the most common “personal computer” today, have revolutionized the communication landscape. Communication via smart phones is personalized: smart phones store and exchange large amounts of personal information and users are able to customize their phones to suit their personal preferences and needs. The mobile revolution is offering an opportunity to provide medical support when and where people need it. Large numbers and varieties of medical and health-related apps exist on the market today. From basic apps composed of text message reminders, these apps play a multitude of functions in health and healthcare. 15
- 16. Mobile health education apps16 Apps for Medical Providers Apps for general public or patients Disease specific apps Apps for electronic health records
- 17. Usefulness of Health Care Apps Among Medical and Dental Doctors 17 Health Care Apps- will they be a facelift for today’s medical / dental practice?. Journal of mobile technology in medicine 2015;4(1):8-14
- 18. Purpose of Healthcare Apps Usage Among Medical and Dental Doctors 18 Health Care Apps- will they be a facelift for today’s medical / dental practice?. Journal of mobile technology in medicine 2015;4(1):8-14
- 19. Twitter and Facebook are the most popular platforms They provide the largest audiences in the U.S. Combined, these platforms have 1.6 billion+ active users Many health journalists and bloggers use Twitter to monitor trends and develop hypothesis Shea Bennett, “The 10 Biggest Social Networks Worldwide,” SocialTimes, Ad Week Blog Network, 19
- 20. Building a social media strategy Define your goals: What do you hope to achieve with social media Define your audience(s): Who do you want to reach Identify your resources: funding if applicable Identify which technologies are appropriate Choose appropriate content Manage expectations related to public and key interests Deliver messages 20
- 21. Examples21 Dr. Richard , ABC News’ chief health and medical editor, held a Twitter chat on Feb. 11, 2014 that generated more than 100 tweets. A wide variety of organizations participated, including the Ameri- can Dental Association Academy of Pediatrics and the Virginia Oral Health
- 22. The Mayo Clinic has created a Social Media Health Network with training modules and other resources The CDC launched a contest to encourage the use of social media to track the prevalence and intensity of the 2013-14 flu season. Mayo Clinic, http://socialmedia.mayoclinic.org/; accessed in Feb. 2017; “CDC Competition Encourages Use of Social Media to Predict Flu,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 22
- 23. Ways for a dental professional to use social media Promoting practice services, procedures, or special offers Provide information and links to articles on dental health to patients Thank patients or respond to questions or comments Read about breaking industry news and new product information by following dental companies, publications, organizations, and associations Conduct surveys Share cases with colleagues and continue to learn from one another Ask for advice from colleagues when presented with a challenge Identify colleagues where they can refer to when current patients are moving 23
- 24. Limitations of social media for health communication Lack of reliability Quality concerns Lack of confidentiality & privacy Often unaware of the risks of disclosing personal information online Risks associated with communicating harmful or incorrect advice using social media Information overload 24
- 25. Not sure how to correctly apply information found online to their personal health situation Adverse health consequences Negative health behaviors Social media may discourage patients from visiting health professionals 25
- 26. Challenges These platforms need to be continuously updated. They require a person or a team with social media knowledge to maintain them. They require a significant investment in time and commitment There are concerns regarding the quantity and the quality of information available on the Internet. In 1982, the bestseller of Megatrends and John stated: “We are drowning in information, but starved for knowledge” Organizations, institutions and agencies need to step up and develop social media presence by using these platforms as a tool to communicate credible, accurate and reliable information As they do so, the public will turn to them and feel confident about messages these sites provide to achieve better health outcomes 26
- 27. Ethical Considerations Social media platforms can be excellent for creating and sustaining relationships as well as enhancing ties among communities and dental public health professionals. However, the openness of social media raise potential ethical issues. Are these platforms invading the privacy of the public? Are we being honest with the people or just using these tools as propaganda for our own interest? Can people maintain their integrity while they are using these platforms? 27
- 28. Recommendations To determine the impact of social media for health communication in specific population groups with larges sample sizes To determine the relative effectiveness of different social media applications for health communication using RCTs. To determine the longer-term impact on the effectiveness of social media for health communication using longitudinal studies. 28
- 29. To explore potential mechanisms for monitoring and enhancing the quality and reliability of health communication using social media. To investigate the risks arising from sharing information online and the consequences for confidentiality and privacy, coupled with developing the most suitable mechanisms to effectively educate users in the maintenance of their confidentiality and privacy. To determine how social media can be effectively used to support the patient-health professional relationship. 29
- 30. Conclusion Social media allows for the tailoring of messages to help acknowledge concern, promote action, and listen to what people are saying about dental health-related topics. Social media networks can be a valuable tool to better understand current interests, assess knowledge levels, and address potential misunderstandings or myths about certain health topics. The use of social media is going to continue to grow. Dental public health professionals need to learn about how to deliver health programs, products and information using these platforms It is about providing quality and relevant dental public health content to the public who is willing to engage. 30
- 31. References Moorhead SA, Hazlett DE, Harrison L, Carroll JK, Irwin A, Hoving C. J Med Internet Res. 2013 Apr 23;15(4):e85. Guidance on using social media, http://gdc-uk.org/, accessed on Feb. 2017 Vance, K. (2009). Social internet sites as a source of public health information. DermatologicClinics, 27(2):133- 135 Kaplan,A. M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! the challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1):59 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (2011). The Health Communicator’s Social Media Toolkit. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/socialmedia/tools/guidelines/ Demiris G. Patient-centered Applications: Use of Information Technology to Promote Disease Management and Wellness. A White Paper by the AMIA Knowledge in Motion Working Group. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2008 Feb;15(1):8–13 Maged N KBo. Mobile medical and health apps: state of the art, concerns, regulatory control and certification. Online J Public Health Inform. 2014 Feb 5;5(3). 31
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Hinweis der Redaktion
- To explore the diversity in form and function of different social media platforms, presented the “social media ecology”, a honeycomb framework of seven building blocks that are configured by different social media platforms . The building blocks are (1) identity: the extent to which users reveal themselves, (2) conversations: the extent to which users communicate with each other, (3) sharing: the extent to which users exchange, distribute, and receive content, (4) presence: the extent to which users know if others are available, (5) relationships: the extent to which users relate to each other, (6) reputation: the extent to which users know the social standing of others and content, and (7) groups: the extent to which users form communities. Thus organizations, including health care providers, need to recognize and understand the social media landscape, where the conversations about them are already being held, and develop their own strategies where suitable.
- If you believe patients are being put at risk by a colleague’s conduct, behaviour or decision-making, or by your working environment you should, where possible, follow the whistleblowing procedure at your workplace
- Social media users have the potential to increase the number of interactions and thus are provided with more available, shared, and tailored information. Social media can generate more available health information as users create and share medical information online . Blog sites create a space where individuals can access tailored resources to deal with health issues . Social media can widen access to those who may not easily access health information via traditional methods, such as , ethnic minorities, and lower socioeconomic groups. An important aspect of using social media for health communication is that it can provide valuable peer, social, and emotional support for the general public and patients . For example, social media can aid health behavior change such as smoking cessation health issues . PPl used health-related social networking sites to discuss sensitive issues and complex information with health professionals. In public health surveillance, social media can provide communication in real time and at relatively low cost. Social media can monitor public response to health issues , track and monitor disease outbreak , identify misinformation of health information , identify target areas for intervention efforts . Health professionals can aggregate data about patient experiences from blogs and monitor public reaction to health issues . Social media may have particular potential for risk communications as they can be used to disseminate personalized messages immediately thus making outreach more effective
- Social media provides health information on a range of conditions to the general public , patients , and health professionals . This communication can provide answers to medical questions . Social media allows information to be presented in modes other than text and can bring health information to audiences with special needs; for example, videos can be used to supplement or replace text and can be useful when literacy is low. A range of social media platforms can facilitate dialogue between patients and patients, and patients and health professionals. Some sites enable patients to engage in dialogue with each other and share health information and advice including information on treatment and medication .YouTube has been used by the general public to share health information on medications, symptoms, and diagnoses and by patients to share personal cancer stories. Facebook is being used by the general public, patients, carers, and health professionals to share their experience of disease management, exploration, and diagnosis .
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- Social media tools remain informal, unregulated mechanisms for information collection, sharing, and promotion, so the information is of varying quality and consistency. Similar issues exist with traditional Internet sites, but these issues are being heightened by the interactive nature of social media, which allows lay-users to upload information regardless of quality . Reliability may be monitored by responsible bodies using automated processes, employed to signal when content has been significantly edited, and progress is being made in automated quality detection . Further work to improve the “media richness” of social media for health communication, that is, how they may reduce ambiguity and uncertainty, would be valuable. In addition combining more resources in one site could improve reliability of information. As patients interact and share links, they could compare numerous social media sites and triangulate information to help them discern correct from incorrect information . Despite concerns, information found on some websites is reported to be generally factually accurate . A further limitation is that postings can be a permanent record and be viewed by an increasing audience, and perhaps users are unaware of the potential size of the audience base. Regulatory and security issues must be addressed to broach a way forward for best-practice that allows the benefits of social media to be utilized yet still protects patients’ privacy and to therefore improve use of these media in routine clinical care. This is a public policy issue and is already being contested in the United States. Public education is required for the general public, patients, and health professionals to make them more aware of the nature of using social media. Consideration of the variation in social media engagement according to personality traits, age, and gender will be valuable in tailoring education to meet the needs of population groups.