This slide is all about Gupta art and culture that was flourished during these times. It includes cave architecture, stupa architecture and temple Architecture along with their culture that was preserved in their formations.
2. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
THE GUPTAN DYNASTY WAS FOUNDED BY SRIGUPTA.
TIMELINE OF GUPTA EMPIRE IS ABOUT (319-550 AD).
THE MAIN RULERS OF THIS DYNASTY WERE
SAMUDRAGUPTA AND CHANDRAGUPTA
VIKRAMADITYA.
THE GUPTAN ERA IS ALSO KNOWN AS GOLDEN ERA
IN INDIAN HISTORY.
3. GUPTA ART
MONUMENTS
STUPAS
CHAITYA VIHARS
CAVE ART AND ARCHITECTURE
TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE
4. Gupta architecture
Gupta architecture was diverse in style, design
and features.
It can be classified into caves , stupa and
temples.
A wide variety of towers and elaborate carvings
adorned the temples that were built from stone.
5. Ajanta caves
Ajanta caves are located in the Aurangabad district of
Maharashtra.
Only cave no.16 and 17 belongs to Gupta period.
These caves are carved on a perpendicular cliff.
There are 25 Viharas and 4 Chaityas.
As they are on perpendicular side ,There are no
courtyards.
All the three forms of art are combined in these caves:
Architecture ,Sculpture ,Paintings.
7. ELLORA CAVES
This cave site is located in aurangabad district and
contains buddhist, brahmanical and jain caves.
Contribution of rashtrakutas is visible on this cave.
Cave 10 is a chaitya hall for lord buddha , cave 13 & 14
belongs to ravan ki khai, cave 15 to dashavatara temple
and cave 16 belongs to kailash temple.
Three storey caves are also present in ellora.
Most of the temples have courtyards.
12. JUNAGARH CAVES
These caves are found in the junagarh district of
gujarat , hence the name.
It has many intresting buddhist caves and was
evidently the site of buddhist monastry of ancient
times.
It was an ancient fortress whose entrance in the
form of an archway is a fine specimen of hindu
torana.
14. BAGH CAVES
It is located in dhar district of madhya pradesh on the bank
of baghani river.
Out of initial 9 caves only 5 have been extant.
It has been carved out in late 4th-6th century AD.
Bagh caves are known for mural paintings.
Legend says that these caves were established by buddhist
monk dataka.
All 5 caves are vihars or resting place for buddhist monks.
Most significant of these five extant caves is cave4.
It is commonly known as rang mahal (palace of colors).
17. BAGH CAVE PAINTINGS
These paintings are materialistic rather than
naturalistic.
The ground prepared was reddish-browny gritty
and thick with mud plaster, laid out on the walls
and ceilings.
Some of the most beautiful paintings lies in cave4.
Most paintings were carefully removed in 1982 and
can be seen in archaeological museum of gwalior.
20. DHAMEKH STUPA
It is a massive stupa located at sarnath, 13 km away
from varanasi in the state of uttar pradesh.
It is a solid cylinder of bricks and stones reaching a
height of 43.6 metres and having a diameter of about
28 metres.
The basement dates back to ashoka’s reign.
Carvings on the walls are brahmi script.
The stone facing displays delicate floral carvings of
gupta period.
24. TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE
Gupta period marks the beginning of indian temple
architecture.
Manuals were written regarding how to form temples.
The gupta temples were of five main types.
25. TYPE 1
Square building with flat roof
and shallow pillared porch.
The nucleus of a temple, the
sanctum or cella
(garbhagriha), with a single
entrance and a porch
(mandapa) appears for the
first time here.
Notable examples are: kankali
devi temple (tigawa) and
vishnu varah temple (eran).
26. TYPE 2
An elaboration of type 1 with
the addition of an ambulatory
(pradakshina) around the
sanctum.
Some temples had a second
storey.
Notable examples are: shiva
temple at bhumara (M.P.) and
ladkhan temple at aihole.
27. TYPE 3
Square temple with a pillared
approach and a high platform
at a base.
Appearance of curvilinear
tower known as “ shikhara”.
The panchayatan style was
introduced along with the
concept of subsidiary shrines.
Notable examples are:
dashavtara temple at deogarh
, jhansi and the brick temple
at bhitargaon , kanpur.
28. TYPE 4
This stage introduced
rectangular temples with all
other features continued.
Notable example:
kapoteshwar temple at
cezarla, guntur district in
andhra pradesh.
29. TYPE 5
This stage introduced circular
temples with shallow rectangular
projections at the four cardinal
faces.
The only monument
exemplifying the style is the
maniyar math shrine at rajgir,
Bihar.
