2. Group members PriyaDoshi RichaTalati RonakSoni Shibin Jacob SnehaKapadia VikasVerma
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4. Any decision to change the level, composition or timing of govt. expenditure or to vary the burden, the structure or frequency of the tax payment is fiscal policy. -G.K. Shaw The Goal: Reduces the rate of inflation and stimulates economic growth in a period of recession. What is Fiscal Policy?
5. Monetary policy refers to the use of instruments under the control of the RBI to regulate the availability, cost and use of money and credit. The goal: achieving specific economic objectives, such as low and stable inflation and promoting growth. What is Monetary Policy?
6. Different interest rates prevalent in India Bank rate- The rate at which RBI lends money to domestic banking system. Call Money rate- The rate at which commercial bank borrows money from other commercial banks for a short period. Prime Lending rate- The rate at which the commercial banks can provide credit to industries or business.
7. Repo and Reverse Repo rate- The interest rate at which RBI provides loan to commercial banks is called Repo rate. The rate at which RBI takes short term credit is Reverse Repo rate. Deposit rate- The rate of interest at which the customers are paid interest on their bank deposits. Bond rate- To meet expenses for the development, Government issues the Bond maturing in definite period at a definite rate.
8. CRR- Banks in India are required to hold a certain proportion of their deposits in the form of cash with Reserve Bank of India. This minimum ratio is known as the CRR or Cash Reserve Ratio. SLR- The minimum percentage of deposits that the bank has to maintain in form of gold, cash or other approved securities is known as Statutory Liquidity Ratio.
9. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central banking system of India and controls the monetary policy of the rupee. The institution was established on 1 April 1935 and plays an important part in the development strategy of the government.
10. Role of RBI India’s monetary authority Supervisor of financial system Issuer of currency Manager of foreign exchange reserves Banker and debt manager to Government Banker to Banks Developmental functions Research, data and knowledge sharing since 75 years:
11. Making of monetary policy Monetary policy is communicated to the public mostly by annual monetary policy statement in April and the mid-term review in October. The statements today are more analytical, introspective and elaborate. RBI website is an effective medium of communication. Governor, Deputy Governors, Committee of the Board meet every week to review the monetary, economic and financial conditions. Mechanisms such as resource management of banks, supervisory data, market information, economic and statistical analysis, etc. are used Periodic consultations with Ministry of Finance for significant technical, analytical, institutional and dynamic inputs.
12. Evidence of growth Reining in Inflation and Containment of Inflation Expectations Assurance of financial stability. Effect of Monetary policy on Indian Economy
13. Monetary policy cannot change long-term growth. There is no long term tradeoff between growth and inflation. Monetary policy can deliver low and stable inflation, and thereby reduce the volatility of the business cycle. It cannot really predict when inflationary pressures builds up. Limitations of Monetary Policy
14. It is divided into four Sections The State of the Economy Outlook and Projections The Risk Factors The Policy Stance Monetary Policy 2010-11
15. The State of the Economy RBI had projected the real GDP growth for 2009-10 at 7.5%. Central Statistical Organization in early Feb 2010 placed the real GDP growth during 2009-10 at 7.2% The headline inflation in Wholesale Price Index (WPI), accelerated from 0.5% in Sep 2009 to 9.9% in March 2010, exceeding the RBI’s baseline projection of 8.5%
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18. Exports have been expanding since October 2009, a trend that is expected to continue.
19. The improved performance of the industrial sector is reflected in profitability of the corporate sector.
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21. Private demand in advanced economies continues to be weak due to high unemployment rates, weak income growth and tight credit conditions.
22. Once the impact of public spending wanes, the recovery process can be stalled.
29. Objectives of the 11th Plan GDP: 9% growth rate of the country However, laggards (Bihar, Rajasthan, MP, UP, Punjab etc) growth will be 7.5% Per capita GDP growth at 7.5% Not only faster growth but inclusive growth Reduce poverty , create employment Services in health & education Environment sustainability Reduce gender inequality Improvement of governance
46. GDP Growth- IMF forecasted the growth in 2010-11 as 9.5% The Q1 industrial production numbers showed adequate growth of 11.6% compared to 3.9% in Q1 last year. Marginal increase in the growth in the six core infrastructure. Inflation has touched double digit which is a major concern. Introduction of base rate for transparency in lending rates. Country’s exports are more in value than the imports. Current Scenario
47. To conclude, monetary policy is helpful in attaining growth with stability. However, there are challenges in maintaining the momentum. We need to make the growth meaningful to the millionsof poor and unemployed. Six most important challenges are agricultural growth, infrastructure development, fiscal consolidation, social infrastructure particularly primary education and basic health, managing globalisation and good governance. Concluding Observations
48. The conduct of monetary policy will continue to provide support to these areas. Stability, especially price and financial stability; will undoubtedly facilitate accelerated growth.
49. India, today, stands at a new threshold, with greater triumphs and achievements in sight.Never before in recorded history have so many people been in a position to rise and that so quickly. Jai Hind!
