Knowledge of Transformer

1. ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
Electricity is not a fun but easy to learn.

2. Prepared by,
Mr. Vijay Balu Raskar
CHAPTER NUMBER NAME OF CHAPTER
1 D.C. CIRCUITS
2 A.C. FUNDAMENTALS
3 SINGLE PHASE AC CIRCUITS
4 THREE PHASE AC CIRCUITS
5 SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMERS
6 D.C.MOTORS
7 FRACTIONAL HORSE POWER MOTORS
8 INSTALLATIONS,EARTHING AND TROUBLE SHOOTING
9 DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTORS

3. 5. TRANSFORMERS
EXAMPLES OF TRANSFORMER

4. WHAT IS A TRANSFORMER?
• The Transformer is a device that
transfers electrical energy from one
electrical circuit to another
electrical circuits through the
medium of magnetic field and
without a change in the frequency.

5. CIRCUIT OF TRANSFORMER

6. TYPES OF TRANSFORMER
DEPENDS ON VOLTAGE DEPENDS ON CORE &
RATING WINDINGS
• 1. STEP UP TRANSFORMER
• 2. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER
• 3.CENTRE TAPPED
• 1. CORE TYPE
TRANSFORMER
4. MULTIPLE TRANSFORMERS • 2. SHELL TYPE
5. AUTO TRANSFORMER
6. DRIVER TRANSFORMER
7. EHT TRANSFORMER • 3. BERRY TYPE
8. SMT TRANSFORMER
9. RELAY
10. IFT (INTERMEDIATE
FREQUENCY TRANCEFORMER)
• 11. IDEAL TRANSFORMER
• 12. INSTRUMENT
TRANSFORMER.

7. STEP UP
TRANSFORMER

8. STEP DOWN
TRANSFORMER

9. CORE TYPE TRANSFORMER
(Example of Core Type transformer)

10. SHELL TYPE TRANSFORMER
(Example of Shell Type transformer)

11. BERRY TYPE TRANSFORMER
(Example of Berry Type transformer)

12. 1. STEP UP TRANSFORMER :-
This type of transformers to increase
the voltages in secondary coil. It
consist of a primary and two or three
secondary windings. The transformer
used in a valve type of radio receivers
or an amplifiers. In this transformer
secondary windings is increasing than
primary winding. Secondary voltage
depends up on primary coil.

13. 2. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER :-
This type of transformers to decrease
the voltages in secondary coil. Number
of turns will be decreased in secondary
winding so always less voltages to
draw in this coil. This type of
transformers are used in radio
frequency in electronic devices.

14. 3. CENTRE TAPPED TRANSFORMER :-
This type of transformer out put to
draw in centre tapping so its called
centre tapped transformer.
It is used in full wave rectification
purposes.

15. 4. MULTIPLE TRANSFORMER :- Multiple
transformers are used for multiple out puts
coming in that transformer. Input given to
constant voltage but output is different
voltages like as battery eliminator. These all
outputs are to changed by a Rotary switch
but we are using only one out put.
Ex. In this battery eliminator different out
puts used like as 1.5v,3v,4.5v,6v,
7.5v,9v,and 12voltages are used.

16. 5. AUTO TRANSFORMER :- It is quite
different type of transformer which
consists of only one winding. This
winding are common tap terminal.
This type of transformer can be used
as voltage step up, as well as step
down transformer, It works only on A.
C only and also used in EHT
transformer used in T.V receivers, sort
of auto transformer frequency is
15625 Hz.

17. 6. DRIVER TRANSFORMER :-
All transformer's input and output
voltages are different but this only one
transformer input how much voltage
you are given same voltage is to draw
in secondary winding. Restricted A.C
voltage is to draw in this transformer.
This type are used in SMPS
transformers.

18. 7. EHT TRANSFORMER :- This type of
transformer output to draw in Kilo
Voltages. Because this transformer's
core is made up of ferrite core, this
core is developed high voltage. It's
used in TV’s, Monitors.
Another name is LOT (Line Output
Transformer), FBT ( Field back
transformers), FOT (Field Output
Transformer).

19. 8. SWITCH MODE TRANSFORMER :-
Input given to constant voltages but
outputs are different voltages at a we
can used in secondary winding. This
type transformer's are used in SMPS.
Ex:- SMPS output voltage is
12v,5v,0v,and 0v.

20. 9. RELAY :-
* This type of transformers are used in
remote sensing projects for automatic
system controlling. In this voltage up
to 5v only.
OR
It is an electronic switch which can
sense the fault and gives triping
command to the circuit breaker.

21. 10. IFT :- It is a sort of R.F transformer
which is especially designed for
transform electrical energy at specified
frequency. The I.F value for radio
receivers is kept between 450Khz to
470Khz. Each winding is transformer
has a capacitor is connected across the
winding. IF transformer depends up on
frequency tuning purpose.

22. 11. RADIO FREQUENCY
TRANSFORMER :-
All transformers working above 20Khz
are called R.F. transformers. The
Oscillator and antenna coils of a radio
receiver are also R.F. transformers. R.F
and I.F
Transformers are coreless
transformers.

23. 12. IDEAL TRANSFORMER
1.There are no losses.
2.Its windings have no ohmic
resistance.
3.There is no magnetic leakage.
4.Negligible current required for flux.
5.The permeability of the core is high

24. 13. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER
CT AND PT

25. LOSSES IN TRANSFORMER
COPPER LOSSES CORE / IRON LOSSES
• Due to resistance of • There are two losses i.e.
windings. Hysteresis Loss and Eddy
• Heating is more. current Loss.
• It is the product of • H.L.= Takes place in core of
resistance and square of the transformer.
current at both sides. • E.C.L.=are currents induced
in conductors when
a conductor is exposed to a
changing magnetic field.

26. 1) Core or Iron Losses are constant.
2) They are reduced by silicon steel.
3) All the losses are converted into
heat.
4) Due to heating, There are many
losses like core, windings and other
parts.
5) Cooling system is required for life
long period to maintain transformer
life.

27. EMF EQUATION OF TRANSFORMER :-
E = ????
For Primary winding
For Secondary winding
and For no load condition?

28. Full Load Primary Current
Full Load Secondary Current
?????????

29. Problems

30. Thank
You