1. UPCOMING
TECHNOLOGIES
BY:
VIJAYAKUMAR.V
IV-EEE
APEC

2. Hydrogen Generation & Storage Made Easy
with Nano-Technology
• There have been research being
done on renewable energy
sources like hydrogen for quite
some years. Recently,
breakthrough research has been
successful in creating a new
method for storing hydrogen.

3. Difficulties faced in usage of hydrogen:
• Hydrogen is a cleaner renewable energy source if only the two
problems of safe storage and easy access are overcome.
• The traditional way of fastening hydrogen into solids has not been
very successful.
• Too less volume of hydrogen was absorbed while storing and too
convoluted methods like too high heating or cooling was needed for
releasing it which did not make it commercially viable.

4. New way of storing hydrogen:
• A team of scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
(Berkeley Lab), Department of Energy (DOE), US have discovered a
new material called air-stable magnesium nano -composites which
can help in storing hydrogen without complex methodology.
• This composite material consists of nano -particles of magnesium
metal sprinkled through a matrix of poly methyl methacrylate – a
polymer related to Plexiglas.

5. Advantages of new material:
• This nano-composite is a pliable material and it is capable of
absorbing and releasing hydrogen at an ordinary temperature without
oxidizing the metal.
• This capacity has been touted as the major step towards a better
design for hydrogen storage, hydrogen batteries and hydrogen fuel
cells.
• The scientists have been able to design for the first time successfully
composite materials that are nano-scale and which are capable of
overcoming the barriers that are thermodynamic and kinetic in
nature.

6. Solar-Powered Keyboards
• No need for you to be outdoors
to charge your solar powered
keyboard. You can stay indoors
and the solar powered keyboard
will charge itself from indoor
lights

7. 1/3-Inch Thick:
• Sleekness and portability are important qualities in marketing an
electronic gadget.
• Logitech has not ignored these important aspects. Their keyboard is
only 1/3-inch thick maintain a thin profile.

8. Keyboard is easy on Fingers:
• Logitech calls their keyboard as Logitech Incurve keys.
• It is a known fact that a concave design, along with incurve keys are
easy on the shape of human fingertips, They also say that soft,
rounded edges make it easy for your fingers to glide from key to key.
• Plus, the tiny Logitech Unifying receiver is small enough to stay in
your laptop, so there’s no need to unplug it when you move around.
• And you can easily add up to six Logitech Unifying and Unifying-ready
mice and keyboards — without the hassle of multiple USB receivers.

9. Produce Electricity While You
Drive
• The concept was originally
developed by Innowattech and
now the company is laying down
a sort of test road in Israel.
• Is it a solution to the global
energy and environment crisis?

10. According to Dr. Lucy Edery-Azulay, the project
manager.
• This can be achieved by using piezoelectric materials under busy
roads.
• The property is aptly known as piezoelectricity and it’s the ability to
produce electric power in response to applied mechanical stress, and
in this case this stress is the movement of vehicles on the roads.
• According to people at Innowattech the Piezo Electric Generator
should be able to produce 200KWh, while a four-lane highway would
produce about 1MWh of electricity, per kilometer, enough to provide
power to 2500 households.

11. • According to Innowattech (in fact, it should be common knowledge)
massive amounts of mechanical energy go waste when millions of
vehicles move on the roads.
• The piezoelectric generators harvest that energy and save them in
roadside batteries that can be used by people.
• This process is also known as Parasitic Energy harvesting.

12. • Considering that Israel has about 250 kilometers of roadways suitable
for the technology, in terms of volumes of traffic, and the mass of
vehicles taking the roads, you can very well imagine how much
electricity can be produced.
• The same technology can be implemented on airport runaways and
rail systems.
• The system also has the capacity to deliver real-time data on the
weight, frequency and speed of passing vehicles as well as the
spacing between vehicles.

13. ADVANTAGES:
• No infrastructure is required.
• You don’t need to set up wind farms or solar panels and use up vast
areas.
• You simply have to use the roads that you already have.

14. Ocean EnergyBionics
• It was founded by Dr. Timothy Finnigan, a
marine engineer at the University of
Sydney and former Technical Director of
Energetech Australia.
• BioPower Systems is developing a new
ocean energy technology in Australia that
will use bionics to mimic natural systems
in order to produce energy.
• Both bioSTREAM and bioWAVE
technologies use biomimicry, which refers
to the adaptation of biological traits in
engineered systems

15. Tidal Power
• The bioSTREAM tidal energy conversion system is a fixed device in a
moving stream, mimicking the shape and motion of natural species.
• The propulsion mechanism is reversed and the energy in the passing
flow is used to drive the device motion against the resisting torque of
the O-DRIVE electrical generator.
• Due to the single point of rotation, this device can align with the flow
in any direction, and can assume a streamlined configuration to avoid
excess loading in extreme conditions.
• Systems are being developed for 500kW, 1000kW and 2000kW
capacities to match conditions in various locations.

16. Wave Power
• The hydrodynamic interaction of the blades with the oscillating flow
field is designed for maximum energy absorption over the full water
depth.
• The bioWAVE captures a wide swath of incident wave energy without
using a large rigid structure, and continually self-orients with the
wave direction.
• For safety, the system is programmed to cease operating and lie flat
against the seabed during extreme and stormy wave conditions.
• Instead of resisting the forces of the ocean, the bioWAVE moves with
the wave forces and thus converts energy continuously without
requiring a heavy and costly engineered structure.

17. O-DRIVE Generator:
• The bioWAVE and bioSTREAM systems both convert ocean energy to
mechanical energy via oscillation about a single axis.
• BioPower Systems has developed a unique electrical generator
module to convert the low-speed large-torque oscillations to AC
power.
• This unit is modular, self-contained, and easily detached and retrieved
for infrequent servicing.
• The O-DRIVE combines a simple single-stage reciprocating gear
mechanism with a direct-drive synchronous permanent magnet
generator and high-inertia flywheel, resulting in continuous delivery
of smooth AC power.

18. System Advantages:
• Autonomous, unmanned, low insurance and overhead costs.
• Simple two-part installation requires no special equipment or vessels.
• Device lies flat against seabed during extreme conditions, allowing for
low design load tolerances.

19. High Performance:
• Continuously self-orienting to align with direction of wave
propagation.
• Large swept area to maximize power capture (up to 2MW per unit).
• Direct-drive power conversion.
• Hydro dynamically optimized.
• Naturally adapted for survival.

20. New Solar Charger for Laptop
Computers
• Muzatch offers a solar charger for our
computers. It is known as the MZH-SP-
6500 / SP-6000 renewable energy
charger.
• Now we can have a green charger for
our computers and laptops.
• We can take our laptops to outdoors
and keep on using them without
bothering that the charge will run out.

21. • Muzatch reassures that they have a built-in lithium-ion battery. Its
capacity is of 12,000 mAh.
• Muzatch solar charger can deliver an output voltage ranging from 5V
to 22V.
• This solar charger is also protected from over charge, over release,
over current and short circuits due to built-in intelligence monitoring.
• Muzatch solar charger is available for $149.95.

22. Car Fuel from Carbon Dioxide
• Researchers from the South West are
working on a £1.4 million project to turn
the above dream into a reality.
• This car of future will consume one of
the root causes of greenhouse effect.
• If a car is running smoothly on the road
and its consuming carbon dioxide from
air as fuel instead of petrol

23. • Currently the project is trying to develop porous materials.
• Porous materials are helpful in absorbing the gas from the air. Carbon
dioxide causes global warming but scientists are converting it into
chemicals that can be used to make car fuel or plastics.
• They are utilizing the solar power for their experiments.
• The researchers are visualizing a future where their porous materials
are the main components of a factory’s chimneys.
• These porous materials would be absorbing carbon dioxide pollutants
from the air, reducing the effects of climate change.
• The University of Bath is leading the research. They are joined by the
University of the West of Englandand members from the University of
Bristol.

24. Apple Electric Car
Some imagined specifications
include:
• 250 horsepower
• 400 Nm torque
• 4 hour recharge
• 310 mile range
• 3 colors

25. Solar Wind Power: Generating
Power In The Future
• Scientists at Washington State
University have now combined
solar power and wind power to
produce enormous energy called
the solar wind power
• which will satisfy all energy
requirements of human kind.

26. How does the Solar wind power
technology work
The satellite launched to tap solar wind power, instead of working
like a wind mill, where a blade attached to the turbine is physically
rotated to generate electricity, would use charged copper wire for
capturing electrons zooming away from the sun at several hundred
kilometers per second.

27. Advantages of Solar wind power
• The scientists say that whereas the entire energy generated from
solar wind will not be able to reach the planet for consumption as a
lot of energy generated by the satellite has to be pumped back to
copper wire to create the electron-harvesting magnetic field, yet the
amount that reaches earth is more than sufficient to fulfill the needs
of entire human, irrespective of the environment condition.
• One billion gigawatts of power could also be generated by a satellite
having 1,000-meter (3,280-foot) cable with a sail 8,400 kilometers
(5,220 miles) across, which are placed at roughly the same orbit.

28. Disadvantages of Solar wind power
• The distance between the satellite and earth will be so huge that as
the laser beam travels millions of miles, it makes even the tightest
laser beam spread out and lose most of the energy. To solve this
problem, a more focused laser is needed.
• But even if these laser beams reach our satellites, it is very doubtful
that our satellites in their present form will be able to tap them.
• As Greg Howes, a scientist at the University of Iowa puts it, “The
energy is there but to tap that energy from solar wind, we require big
satellites. There may be practical constraints in this.”

29. More Powerful, Lightweight
Batteries
• A team of researchers at the
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT) is working on
lithium-air batteries that could
help in generating more
powerful, lightweight batteries
than available currently.

30. • Lithium-air batteries, also known as the lithium-oxygen batteries,
work on the same principle as the lithium-ion batteries.
• Presently lithium-ion batteries are flooding the market and being
used in the portable electronics and are a leading contender for
electric vehicles.

31. • Lithium-air batteries possess a big advantage over conventional
batteries.
• Their main components don’t have the heavy conventional
compounds. They have a carbon-based air electrode and with flow of
air these air-batteries are quite light hence can be utilized in
electronics that themselves can be much lighter.
• Lithium-air batteries offer three times the energy density than the
conventional batteries.
• They can be easily utilized in electronic devices and hybrid cars.

32. How do lithium-air batteries work
• Lithium-air batteries electrochemically couple a lithium anode to
oxygen derived from atmosphere.
• Their biggest advantage is their cathode is a carbon-based air
cathode instead of the heavy conventional compounds found in
lithium-ion batteries.
• This culminates in higher energy density because cathode is lighter
and oxygen is available in surroundings.

33. • If we study the chemical properties of lithium we can learn that in
metallic form, lithium is highly reactive in the presence of even a tiny
fraction of water.
• But this will not cause any safety issue because in current lithium-ion
batteries, carbon-based materials are used for the negative electrode.
• Shao-Horn explains that the same battery principle can be applied
without using metallic lithium.
• They can choose graphite or some other more stable negative
electrode materials leading to a safer system.

34. COMING SOON