2. Archaebacteria
Archaebacteria are the oldest organism living on earth. They
are unicellurar prokaryotes-microbes without cell nucleus and
any other membrane-bound organelles in their cells and
belongs to the kingdom, Archaea. They were first discovered
in 1977 by Carl Woose and George E. Fox and classified as
bacteria. Most archaebacteria appear like bacteria, when
observed under the microscope. However, they are quite
different from bacteria and eukaryotes.
Archaebacteria are found in very harsh conditions such as in
the volcanic vents or at the bottom of the sea. They can easily
survive in such extreme environment at sea vents releasing
sulfide-rich gasses, hot spring, or boiling mud around
volcanoes.
5. - The Archaebacteria kingdom is
made up of THREE different kinds of
Archaebacteria. Their funtions and
structers of their genes are more
similar to EUKARYOTES than to
Eubacteria.
- Organisms that belong to this
kingdom are all microscopic. They
live in various places, some even in
the most severe environments.
Methanogens, halophiles and
thermophiles are examples of
archaebacteria.
7. •This type of Archaebacteria
live in oxegen free
enviornments and they
produce Methane gasess.
•Places methangogens can
be found are: marshes, lake
sediments, and digestive
tracts of animals.
•Commercial use: used in
sewage plant to help
breakdown sewage.
Methanogens
8. •Halophiles live in
water with a very high
concentration of salt.
•Halophiles can be
found: in Utah's Great
Salt Lake and The
Dead Sea in the
Middle East.
Halophiles
9. •These types of
archaebacteria live in hot
areas.
•The water is a very
hot/acidic sulfur spring.
•It is anaerobic and
thrives in the deep cracks
of the ocean floor.
•It is also a(n) Autotrophic
producer.
Thermophiles
10. Other information:
The word archae came from
the Greek word Arkhaion,
which means ancient.
Archae is also the latin
name for prokaryotic cells.
12. Eubacteria
Eubacteria, known as "true bacteria," are prokaryotic
(lacking nucleus) cells that are very common in human daily
life, encounter many more times than the archaebacteria.
Eubacteria can be found almost everywhere and kill thousands
upon thousands of people each year, but also serve as
antibiotics producers and food digesters in our stomachs. We
use Eubacteria to produce drugs, wine, and cheese.
The Eubacteria, also called just "bacteria," are one of the
three main domains of life, along with the Archaea and the
Eukarya. Eubacteria are prokaryotic, meaning their cells do not
have defined, membrane-limited nuclei. As a group they display
an impressive range of biochemical diversity, and their
numerous members are found in every habitat on Earth.
Eubacteria are responsible for many human diseases, but also
help maintain health and form vital parts of all of Earth's
ecosystems.
14. Eubacteria are characterised by the following
traits:
- prokaryotic
- lack mitochondrions or chloroplasts
- have a rigid cell wall made of peptidoglycan
(rather than cellulose as found in plant cell
walls)
- a cell membrane composed of a phospholipid
bilayer that lacks cholestrol and steroids
- no mitosis - mostly asexual reproduction
many eubacteria form spores, resistant to
dehydration and most temperatures, when there
is no food and can last up to 50 years.
- all eubacteria are either spirilla (spiral
shaped), bacilli (rod shaped), or cocci
(spherical).
16. This bacteria lives about
anywhere, including in
your body in the form of
a parasite. Saprobes
feed off of non -living
organisms and recycles
the nutrients back into
the environment where it
can be used to create
new life.
Heterotrophs
17. Obtain energy through
photosynthesis. Most
are a blue-green color
and are often called
blue-green bacteria.
They get this color from
chlorophyll, which is also
found in plants. They live
in chains in ponds,
lakes, and moist regions.
Autotrophs
20. Coccus (plural
cocci) can be used
to describe any
bacterium that has a
spherical, ovoid, or
generally round
shape. It is one of
the three distinct
bacterial shapes.
Cocci
21. Gram-positive, rod-shaped
(bacillus), bacteria and a
member of the phylum
Firmicutes. Bacillus species
can be obligate aerobes
(oxygen reliant), or
facultative anaerobes (having
the ability to be aerobic or
anaerobic). They will test
positive for the enzyme
catalase when there has
been oxygen used or
present.
Bacilli
22. Spirillum is a genus of
Gram-negative
bacteria within family
Spirillaceae. There are
two species in
Spirillum with standing
in nomenclature,
Spirillum winogradskyi
and Spirillum volutans.
Spirilla
24. Propionibacterium acnes
is the relatively slow-
growing, typically
aerotolerant anaerobic,
Gram-positive bacterium
(rod) linked to the skin
condition acne; it can also
cause chronic blepharitis
and endophthalmitis, the
latter particularly following
intraocular surgery.
Propionibacterium
25. Mycobacterium
tuberculosis is a
pathogenic bacterial
species in the family
Mycobacteriaceae
and the causative
agent of most cases
of tuberculosis.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
26. Leptospira interrogans
is a bacterial species
that contains over 200
pathogenic serovars.
These pathogenic
bacteria, commonly
referred to as
Leptospires, are the
infectious agents that
cause the zoonotic
disease Leptospirosis.
Leptospira interrogans
27. Bacillus anthracis is
the etiologic agent of
anthrax a common
disease of livestock
and, occasionally, of
humans and the only
obligate pathogen
within the genus
Bacillus.
Bacillus anthracis
29. Streptomyces griseus is
a species of bacteria in
the genus
Streptomyces
commonly found in soil.
A few strains have been
also reported from
deep-sea sediments. It
is a Gram positive
bacterium with high GC
content.
Streptomyces griseus
30. Streptomyces venezuelae
is a species of soil-
dwelling Gram-positive
bacterium of the genus
Streptomyces. S.
venezuelae is
filamentous. In its spore-
bearing stage, hyphae
perfuse both above
ground as aerial hyphae
and in the soil substrate.
Streptomyces venezuelae
32. Escherichia coli also
known as E. Coli is a
Gram-negative,
facultatively anaerobic,
rod-shaped bacterium
of the genus
Escherichia that is
commonly found in the
lower intestine of warm-
blooded organisms.
Escherichia coli
34. Lactobacillus
delbrueckii subsp.
bulgaricus is one of
several bacteria
used for the
production of yogurt.
It is also found in
other naturally
fermented products.
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
35. Streptococcus salivarius
subsp. thermophilus is a
gram-positive bacteria
and a homofermentative
facultative anaerobe, of
the viridans group. It
tests negative for
cytochrome, oxidase
and catalase, and
positive for alpha-
hemolytic activity.
Streptococcus thermophilus
