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COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN
DONGLE CONNECTION AND BROADBAND CONNECTION
IN KOLKATA
BY
VICTOR SARKAR
010111013
A Dissertation
Submitted to the Faculty of
Globsyn Business School in Partial Requirement of
The Requirement for the Post Graduate Program
In Management,
April 2014

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DEDICATION
I would like to dedicate this study to my parents, friends and faculties of
Globsyn Business School

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COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN
DONGLE CONNECTION AND BROADBAND CONNECTION
IN KOLKATA
BY
VICTOR SARKAR
010111013
Approved:
__________________________________
KISHOLOY ROY
Internal Guide
(Assistant Professor Marketing)

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CERTIFICATE FROM INTERNAL GUIDE
Date:
The Director
Globsyn Business School
XI-11 & 12, Block EP, Sector- v
Salt Lake Electronics Complex
Kolkata 700091
West Bengal
INDIA
Dear Sir,
Sub: Candidate for post Graduate Program in Management
I have the pleasure of forwarding the following project dissertation
1. Victor Sarkar
2. Comparative study between Dongle connection and Broadband connection in Kolkata.
3.
4. Specialization Field: Marketing
5. Pages in study:
I further certify the following:
1. The candidate has completed the work to my satisfaction
2. This is an original work of the candidate and to best of my knowledge has
not been published anywhere else
3. The use of existing work have been duly acknowledged
4. The candidate has spent a minimum of 30 hours while conducting the study
The dissertation may now be evaluated for the purpose of awarding Post Graduate Diploma
Your sincerely,
Internal Guide
Kisholoy Roy

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DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY
This is to declare that the work is entirely my own and not of any other person,
unless explicitly
acknowledged (including citation of published and unpublished sources).
The work has not previously been submitted in any form to Globsyn Business
School, or to any
other institution for assessment for any other purpose.
I further declare that I have devoted a minimum of 30 hours to study the topic.
Victor Sarkar
Enrollment no: 010111013
Signature:
Date:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to
my mentor Professor Kisholoy Roy, for his exemplary guidance, monitoring
and constant encouragement throughout the course of this dissertation. The
blessings, help and guidance given by him time to time shall carry me a long
way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark.
I also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to my college
Dean and the Registrar for their cordial support, variable information and
guidance, which helped me in completing this task through various stages.
Lastly, I thank Almighty, all my family members and friends for their constant
encouragement without which this assignment would not had been possible to
complete.
Victor Sarkar

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL NOTE………………………………………………………………………….....3
CERTIFICATE FROM INTERNAL GUIDE .....................................................................4
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ................................................................................5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................................................6
LIST OF FIGURES..........................................................................................................8
ABSTRACT .....................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 1 ......................................................................................................................
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 2 ......................................................................................................................
LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................................................................20
CHAPTER 3 .......................................................................................................................
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ..............................................................................................22
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................22
CHAPTER 4 .........................................................................................................................
DATA REPRESENTATION ..............................................................................................23
CHAPTER 5 ......................................................................................................................
RESEARCH FINDINGS ....................................................................................................26
CHAPTER 6.........................................................................................................................
CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................30
REFERENCE .....................................................................................................................31
APPENDIX .........................................................................................................................32

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LIST OF FIGURES
1. FIGURE 1 ………………………………………………………………………………… 10
2. FIGURE 2 ………………………………………………………………………………… 11
3. FIGURE 3 …………………………………………………..…………………………….…13
4. FIGURE 4 ……………………………………………………………………………………14
5. FIGURE 5...................................................................................................................15
6. FIGURE 6....................................................................................................................16
7. FIGURE 7.....................................................................................................................17
8. FIGURE 8................................................................................................19

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ABSTRACT
Title of study: Comparative Study between Dongle Connection and
Broadband Connection in Kolkata
The study of the research is to find out the main sources of using
Internet connection and the basic needs for adopting the habit of using
Internet connection. The purpose of the research is to know the
consumer behaviour pattern in terms of getting utility of internet surfing
by using different modes of medium.
There has been a drastic change in the mind of internet users.
There are gradual shifting in their habits from any other sources to using
internets with the change of technology and generations. It is found by
the survey that most of the internet users are between 16 – 30 of age and
the gender and the profession of the people plays a vital role.In our daily
life, internet helps us in every aspect. People living in Kolkata are more
price Conesus and for them it is very vital to choose a proper mode of
internet connection.

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The other name of Internet is technology. It is a Global system which is
interconnected with computer networks all over the world. It also uses the standard
of Internet protocol suit (TCP/IP) to make a linkup with millions of computer devices
globally. Internet is a web of network which interconnects millions of private, public,
academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are
linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies.
Figure 1
The Internet allows greater flexibility in working hours and location, especially with
the spread of unmetered high-speed connections. Internet can be accessed in
anywhere by any means or medium. Internet not only be used in big screen
computers or laptops but also can be used in smart phones and tablets. There are
many medium or source of internet connections, but in this advance technology
there are two broad sources and they are either broadband connection or dongle
connection.

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Dongle connection network
It is a device that attaches to a computer to control access to a particular application.
Dongles provide the most effective means of copy protection. Typically, the dongle
attaches to a PC’s (personal computer)’s parallel port. On Macintoshes (Apple
computer), the dongle sometimes attaches to the ADB (Android Debug bridge) port.
The dongle passes through all data coming through the port so it does not prevent
the port from being used for other purposes. In fact, it's possible to attach several
dongles to the same port.
The main, and some would say the only proper, use of the word dongle is to refer to
a variety of hardware device that is used as security to safeguard proprietary
software. Some use dongle, by extension, to refer to any key required for a
programto operate. Some extend it in a different direction to refer to any small
hardware device similar in size and shape to a dongle in the first sense and that
connects to a computer port. A fourth meaning is a special adaptor cable for
connecting wireless cards to an Ethernet jack. In any case, the name is said to have
arisen from a variation on the word dongle, which describes how the devices hang
from the computer port they are attached to.
Figure 2
The first kind of dongle is also known as a hardware key. Without the dongle,
the software cannot be run. For many dongles, this is because the software

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application, upon opening, sends a code to the dongle, which is meant to
respond with the serial number that unlocks the product. If this transaction is
not completed, the software program is not available for use, so only an
Authorized user can access the program, unless the device is lost or stolen.
On other dongles, like thekeylok, a portion of the executable code of the
program may actually be stored on the dongle as another approach. In either
case, for a user who has many licenses, the cost in lost time of a dongle being
lost or stolen can be extremely high.
Early hardware keys were made for parallel ports. There are now various
types of dongles that take advantage of different technologies. Examples
include dongles for USB and serial ports. There are also dongles that
combine hardware key function with other functions, such as flash memory. In
addition Keylok has a hardware key that has networking capability and can
control how many concurrent users are allowed.
Variations of Dongle in Indian Market:
Market of Indian telecommunication is highly competitive as there exists a numerous
brands. So sticking oneself to a particular connection is not is not a wise decision.
But on the other hand the 3G data card segment in India is dominated by Sim locked
devices.
Disadvantages:
 None of the 3G operators have a nationwide network so it may create a
problem if anybody travels to a place where the same operator does
not have a 3G network.
 Also, with a locked SIM card, one person cannot change the operator if
he is not satisfied with the service. And buying a whole new connection
is generally a costly affair.

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Thus, having an open network data card has a lot of advantages over locked
SIM dongles. The open network data card can support any sim card of any
connections and are easily available at online as well as physical retail
stores. Apart, from that dongles support minimum 32 GB micro SD card.
Figure 3
E303C dongle, which was launched in India for the first time, offers
consumers the liberty to choose their favourite operator as per the best data
plan available in the market. Customers can utilise the same SIM card used
in a handset to connect and access data.
The data card offers 7.2 Mbps download speed and also works
on Edge and GPRS networks. Design wise, the dongle has nothing much to
offer, other than very good quality. Also, the company claims that the dongle
can connect you to a network in 15 seconds even when you are using it for
the first time as there is no dial process to go through.
Broadband connection network
In telecommunications, cable Internet access, shortened to cable Internet, which is a
form of broadband Internet access that uses the cable television infrastructure.
Like digital subscriber line and fiber to the premises services, cable Internet access
provides network edge connectivity (last mile access) from the Internet service
provider to an end user. It is integrated into the cable television infrastructure
analogously to DSL which uses the existing telephone network. Cable TV networks
and telecommunications networks are the two predominant forms

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of residential Internet access. Recently, both have seen increased competition
from fiber deployments, wireless, and mobile networks.
Figure 4
Types of Broadband Connections
Broadband includes several high-speed transmission technologies such as:
 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
 Cable Modem
 Fiber
 Wireless
 Satellite
 Broadband over Power lines (BPL)
The broadband technology which people choose will depend on a number of factors.
These may include whether they are located in an urban or rural area, how

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broadbandInternet access is packaged with other services (such as voice telephone
and home entertainment), price, and availability.
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
DSL is a wireline transmission technology that transmits data faster over traditional
copper telephone lines already installed to homes and businesses. DSL-based
broadband provides transmission speeds ranging from several hundred Kbps to
millions of bits per second (Mbps). The availability and speed of DSL service may
depend on the distance from home or business to the closest telephone company
facility.
The following are types of DSL transmission technologies:
 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) – Used primarily by residential
customers, such as Internet surfers, who receive a lot of data but do not send
much. ADSL typically provides faster speed in the downstream direction than the
upstream direction. ADSL allows faster downstream data transmission over the
same line used to provide voice service, without disrupting regular telephone
calls on that line.
Figure 5
 Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) – Used typically by businesses
for services such as video conferencing, which need significant bandwidth both
upstream and downstream.
Faster forms of DSL typically available to businesses include:
 High data rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL); and

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 Very High data rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL).
Figure 6
Cable Modem
Cable modem service enables cable operators to provide broadband using the same
coaxial cables that deliver pictures and sound to your TV set.
Most cable modems are external devices that have two connections: one to the
cable wall outlet, the other to a computer. They provide transmission speeds of 1.5
Mbps or more.
Subscribers can access their cable modem service by simply turning on their
computers, without dialing-up an ISP. You can still watch cable TV while using it.
Transmission speeds vary depending on the type of cable modem, cable network,
and traffic load. Speeds are comparable to DSL.
Fiber
 Fiber optic technology converts electrical signals carrying data to light and sends
the light through transparent glass fibers about the diameter of a human hair.
Fiber transmits data at speeds far exceeding current DSL or cable modem
speeds, typically by tens or even hundreds of Mbps.
 The actual speed you experience will vary depending on a variety of factors,
such as how close to your computer the service provider brings the fiber and
how the service provider configures the service, including the amount of
bandwidth used. The same fiber providing your broadband can also

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simultaneously deliver voice (VoIP) and video services, including video-on-
demand.
 Telecommunications providers sometimes offer fiber broadband in limited areas
and have announced plans to expand their fiber networks and offer bundled
voice, Internet access, and video services.
 Variations of the technology run the fiber all the way to the customer’s home
or business, to the curb outside, or to a location somewhere between the
provider’s facilities and the customer.
Figure 7
Wireless
 Wireless broadband connects a home or business to the Internet using a radio
link between the customer’s location and the service provider’s facility. Wireless
broadband can be mobile or fixed.
 Wireless technologies using longer-range directional equipment provide
broadband service in remote or sparsely populated areas where DSL or cable
modem service would be costly to provide. Speeds are generally comparable to
DSL and cable modem. An external antenna is usually required.
 Wireless broadband Internet access services offered over fixed networks allow
consumers to access the Internet from a fixed point while stationary and often
require a direct line-of-sight between the wireless transmitter and receiver.

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These services have been offered using both licensed spectrum and unlicensed
devices. For example, thousands of small Wireless Internet Services Providers
(WISPs) provide such wireless broadband at speeds of around one Mbps using
unlicensed devices, often in rural areas not served by cable or wireline
broadband networks.
 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) provide wireless broadband access
over shorter distances and are often used to extend the reach of a "last-mile"
wireline or fixed wireless broadband connection within a home, building, or
campus environment. Wi-Fi networks use unlicensed devices and can be
designed for private access within a home or business, or be used for public
Internet access at "hot spots" such as restaurants, coffee shops, hotels, airports,
convention centers, and city parks.
 Mobile wireless broadband services are also becoming available from mobile
telephone service providers and others. These services are generally
appropriate for highly-mobile customers and require a special PC card with a
built in antenna that plugs into a user’s laptop computer. Generally, they provide
lower speeds, in the range of several hundred Kbps.
Satellite
Just as satellites orbiting the earth provide necessary links for telephone and
television service, they can also provide links for broadband. Satellite broadband is
another form of wireless broadband, and is also useful for serving remote or sparsely
populated areas.
Downstream and upstream speeds for satellite broadband depend on several
factors, including the provider and service package purchased, the consumer’s line
of sight to the orbiting satellite, and the weather. Typically a consumer can expect to
receive (download) at a speed of about 500 Kbps and send (upload) at a speed of
about 80 Kbps. These speeds may be slower than DSL and cable modem, but they
are about 10 times faster than the download speed with dial-up Internet access.
Service can be disrupted in extreme weather conditions.

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Broadband over Powerline (BPL)
BPL is the delivery of broadband over the existing low- and medium-voltage electric
power distribution network. BPL speeds are comparable to DSL and cable modem
speeds. BPL can be provided to homes using existing electrical connections and
outlets. BPL is an emerging technology that is available in very limited areas. It has
significant potential because power lines are installed virtually everywhere,
alleviating the need to build new broadband facilities for every customer.
Figure 8

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction:
Dongle has become epitome of consumer entertainment in terms of penetration and
exposure to the world of internet. 3G technology and usage of dongle are very
popular in today’s generation. Portability and fast speed are much preferred to do
any work. Several scholars have researched on the consumption pattern and
popularity of net surfer and a few of them has been listed below.
Previous Articles:
Few of the works done by some scholars are mentioned below:
 3G technologies have corner a long way since NTT DoCoMo launched the
world's first commercial UMTS network in 2001 with peak theoretical speeds
of 384 Kbps.The HSPA+ networks of today are promising downlink speeds of
up to 21 Mbps, and eventually 42 Mbps. Japan will once again be in the
limelight this year with the advent of LTE,which will break the 100-Mbps
barrier over a wireless medium. Despite the challenges associated with
offering these devices, the region witnessed substantial growth in dongle and
data cards use in 2008, and we predict that by 2013 as many as one-third of
all net broadband additions in the region will be accessing the internet via a
3G device. With 3G coming to India, China, Vietnam, Pakistan, Bangladesh
and several other markets this year, there is cause for optimism that 3G
mobile broadband services will start to make an even bigger impact in the
region going forward. We also believe that the future of wireless will be
ultimately lying in embedded devices. Hence, we believe that 3G external
device access will represent an important stepping-stone toward the industry's
vision of a truly mobile and connected world.
 A portable data storage device (dongle) is configured to serve as a joystick. A
method and system are supplied for using the dongle joystick to modify the
presentation of an a electric media content item over a host and for using the
dongle joystick as a user input interface to select a content item to be
presented over a host or to select a datum to be stored. One portion of the
dongle joystick is connected to the host and held stationary while a user
imposes a force on a second part of the joystick to select and play content.

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The dongle joystick may include a processor to process output into a format
compatible with a legacy playing device host.
 A dongle for interfacing between a DSL/analog combo modem with a single
RJ-11 jack and each of a DSL and analog phone outlets. The dongle in
combination with the combo modem can be used in both DSL spluttered
environments and DSL splitter less environments. The dongle includes a DSL
micro filter, and a switch to turn the filter on and off. When the filter is off, the
dongle acts as a wire router and DSL splittered signals received from a DSL
outlet are passed to the DSL outer twisted pair of the dongle's RJ-11 combo
jack. Analog splattered signals received from the analog outlet are passed to
the analog inner twisted pair of the dongle's RJ-11 combo jack. When the filter
is on, the DSL and analog signals are received on the same DSL twisted pair
and are filtered by the filter so as to split out each of the DSL and analog
signals. The filtered signals are then passed to each of the DSL outer twisted
pair and to the analogAinner twisted pair, respectively, of the dongle's modem
RJ-11 combo jack.

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CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The research aimed to study the following objectives:
1. Main source of using internet connection.
2. To find out the consumption pattern of dongle and broadband.
3. Relative benefits between dongle and broadband connection?
4. Benefits received either by broadband or dongle in terms of value or price
5. Users mostly use dongle or broadband at which place and what time
6. Prefer ability on the basis of good network.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The survey questionnaire is a structured questionnaire and the survey is done
through mail interview. The whole survey is done on a sample size of 60 individuals
and the sampling method used is convenience and judgmental sampling. The data
that has been received and the analysis done on the next chapter is on primary data.
The respondents are mostly falling in the age band of 16 to 25. Most of them are
male and are student.

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CHAPTER 4
DATA PRESENTATION
1=strongly agree; 2=agree; 3=neutral; 4=disagree; 5=strongly disagree

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CHAPTER 5
RESEARCH FINDINGS
1. I prefer to use Internet connection mainly by: (Dongle connection,
Broadband connection, both dongle and Broadband).
Dongle connection 16 – 28%
Broadband connection 20 – 35%
Both Dongle and Broadband connection 21 - 37%
Here the response is more where people like to use both dongle as
well as broadband connection for their work purpose in Kolkata where
out of 57 people 21use both and its almost accounted to 37% out of
100%.
2. If I use broadband then which connection should I prefer most:
(BSNL Broadband, Meghbela, Alliance, Airtel, Vodafone, Reliance
and others).
BSNL Broadband 23 – 40%
Meghbela 04 – 07%
Alliance 20 – 35%
Airtel 06 – 11%
Vodafone 02 – 04%
Reliance 00 – 00%
Others 02 – 04%
In Kolkata most of the people prefer to use Alliance connection which is
a wire based connection and different operators locate in different
locations of Kolkata. The users could easily enjoy their uninterrupted
and unlimited internet surfing by paying a less amount for a month.
There are many other broadband connections available in the market
but out of 100 people 35 people chose alliance connection.

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3. If I use dongle then which connection should I prefer most: (Tata
photo/Docomo, Airtel, Reliance, Vodafone, Aircel).
Tata photon/Docomo 25 – 44%
Airtel 12 – 23%
Reliance 05 – 09%
Vodafone 12 – 21%
Aircel 02 – 04%
The survey says that most of the dongle users prefer to use Tata
Photon/docomo connection. Tata provides different schemes for different
users in terms of post pay or pre pay connections. People of Kolkata are
very price sensitive so out of 57 people prefer Tata connection which
accounted to 44% overall.
4. I get maximum satisfaction on the basis of value and price by
using which internet connection: (Broadband connection or
dongle connection).
Broadband connection 42 -74%
Dongle connection 15 – 26%
In Kolkata people generally prefer Broadband connection as they
provide uninterrupted connection in higher speed in a lesser amount.
76% people prefer broadband connection in Kolkata.
5. Broadband hold better network than dongle:
Strongly agree 23 – 41%
Agree 18 – 32%
Neutral 06 – 11%
Disagree 04 – 07%
Strongly disagree 05 – 09%

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Every people of Kolkata prefer broadband for its better network as
broadband provides its services by wire connection, so there is less
chances of disconnection in times of weather change or any natural
calamities. 23 people vote for broadband connection which hold better
network out of 57 people which accounted to 41%.
6. Which one is more hassle free: (Broadband connection or Dongle
connection).
Broadband connection 23 – 40%
Dongle connection 34 – 60%
People prefer dongle connection as more hassle free connection
because it’s a wireless medium and it has more mobility. People can
carry a dongle anywhere he wants like in office, cafes or any places.
7. Dongle cut the cost of broadband :
Strongly agree 03 – 05%
Agree 11 – 19%
Neutral 24 – 42%
Disagree 11 – 19%
Strongly disagree 08 – 14%
Here the response is more bending towards the neutral. 42% people
think that there is not much price discrimination between dongle and
broadband.
8. 4g dongle can replace broadband:
Strongly agree 07 – 12%
Agree 13 – 23%

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Neutral 22 – 39%
Disagree 11 – 19%
Strongly disagree 04 – 07%
People of Kolkata believe that may be 4G dongle can replace a dongle
but sometimes it may not. This is because broadband connection
sometimes provides a speed which can deemed 4g network so their
response is neutral.
9. If i am an online gamer i prefer: (Dongle connection or Broadband
connection)
Broadband connection 47 – 82%
Dongle connection 10 – 18%
People who are addicted to online games, they generally prefer
broadband connection as there is no fear of disconnections of
networks.
10.I prefer dongle when working outdoor and broadband while
working indoor:
Strongly agree 31 – 54%
Agree 09 – 16%
Neutral 09 – 16%
Disagree 02 – 04%
Strongly disagree 06 – 11%
Majority of people use broadband while working indoor and dongle when
outdoor as per convenience.

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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUTION
The study findings are quite clear from the survey that was done on approximately
60 individuals:
 People of Kolkata generally use internet connection whose ages are falls
between 15 to 36 years and above. Mainly the students and professional
people are engaging themselves in surfing internets for different purposes.
 Two broad media of using internet connection network in Kolkata area are
Broadband connection and Dongle connection.
 Internet users generally prefer both the connections in respect of their
variations in work life. Which are mainly depends on some parameters such
as relative prices and basic benefits.
 Most of the time people prefer to use dongle connection when they travel
outdoor as it is easy to carry and has mobility in nature.
 On the other hand people prefer to use Broadband connection where
consuming internet is the first preference in their daily work life.
 People of Kolkata are very price Conesus. For them selecting a mode of
connection by which they can get relative benefits is not child’s play.
 Most of the time internet users shift from the habit of using one mode to
another mode of connection for rapid change in tariffs of the network provider.

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REFFERENCE
 Marc Einstein - Frost & Sullivan, “Dongle all the way?”, Telecom Asia (21st
March 2009)
 Erez, Eran (Gedera, IL), Carmeli, Ran (Rinatya, IL), Raines, Moshe (Tel Aviv,
IL), Pomerantz, Yitzhak (KfarSaba, IL) , “Dongle joystick”, G09G5/00,
11/29/2007
 Olivier Mardinian, “Splitter and microfilter dongle for a single RJ11
DSL/analog combo modem”, (Mar 15, 2005)

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APPENDIX
Name ________
Age below - 15
16 - 25
26 - 35
36 and above
Gender _______
Profession _______
1. I prefer to use Internet connection mainly by:
Dongle connection:
Broadband connection
Both (dongle and Broadband)
2. If I use broadband then which connection should I prefer most:
BSNL Broadband
Meghbela
Alliance
Airtel
Vodafone
Reliance
Others

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3. If I use dongle then which connection should I prefer most:
Tata photo/Docomo
Airtel
Reliance
Vodafone
Aircel
4. I get maximum satisfaction on the basis of value and price by using which
internet connection:
Broadband Connection
Dongle connection
5. Broadband hold better network than dongle:
(1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree and 5 = strongly disagree)
6. Which one is more hassle free:
Broadband connection
Dongle connection
7. Dongle cut the cost of broadband:
(1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree and 5 = strongly disagree).
8. 4g dongle can replace broadband:
(1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree and 5 = strongly disagree).

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9. If i am an online gamer i prefer:
Broadband connection
Dongle connection
10. I prefer dongle when working outdoor and broadband while working
indoor:
(1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree and 5 = strongly disagree).