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PMAS Arid Agriculture University Faculty Conducts Post-Mortem of Herbivorous Turtle
1. Department of Pathobiology
Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi,
PAKISTAN
Conducted by: Dr. Rana Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad Khan
2. Turtle
Reptile
Enclosed in a double shield or shell , from
which the head, legs, and tail are protruded
Shell is an expansion of the vertebrae and ribs
Ocean swimmers, coming on shore only to lay
their eggs in the sands
Use their jaws to cut and chew food
No teeth, but have, horny jaws
3. Cont…
• Instead of having teeth, which they appear to have
lost about 150-200 million years ago, the upper
and lower jaws of the turtle are covered by horny
ridges.
• Carnivorous turtles usually have knife-sharp
ridges for slicing through their prey.
• Herbivorous turtles have serrated-edged ridges
that help them cut through tough plants.
• They use their tongues to swallow food, but
unlike most reptiles, they cannot stick out their
tongues to catch food.
Ref: University of British Columbia
JOHN ABRAMYAN’s research
4.
5. How to differentiate Male & Female
• Male: If vent is located beyond the shell edge.
Lengthy claws, curved plastron
• Female: If vent is located with the outside edge of
the shell, short length of claws, flat plastron
14. Liver:
Present on both left & right side
It was normal
Gall Bladder:
It was full
Indication of off-feed turtle for longer period of time
Lungs:
Sponge shape
Gelatinous layer surrounding it
20. Urinary Bladder: Full
Mesentery: Severe hemorrhages due to visceral larval
migrations
Esophagus: Esophageal diverticula dut to trapped food
particles in esophagus lumen, food was unable to move
forward
Spleen: Normal
Trachea: Little frothy exudates
21. Sole cause of death was not single, that was multi-
factorial
i.e Parasitism, Choking of esophagus, Environmental
changes because that was house-hold turtle
22. Recommendations for rest of the
Turtles
Set the environment according to their desire
Check the feed & feed size
Keep the area clean i.e no larger pebbles
Deworming (only following dewormers are used for
Reptiles, not all)
Fenbendazole
Mebendazole
Praziquental