The document discusses the fundamentals of computers including their components, categories, uses, and role in society. It describes the basic parts of a computer as an input, output, processor, and storage. Computers come in many sizes from personal to supercomputers and are used by individuals, businesses, schools, and more. The internet connects computers globally and is used for communication, information, commerce, and entertainment.

1. Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2011 Edition
Living in a Digital World

2. Objectives Overview
Discuss the advantages
Explain why computer Describe the five and disadvantages that
literacy is vital to components of a users experience when
success in today's world computer working with
computers
Discuss the uses of the Distinguish between
Internet and World system software and
Wide Web application software
See Page 1 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 2
for Detailed Objectives Chapter 1

3. Objectives Overview
Explain how home
users, small office/home
Differentiate among types,
office users, mobile
sizes, and functions of
users, power users, and
computers in each category
enterprise users each
interact with computers
Discuss how society uses
computers in education,
finance, government, health
care, science, publishing,
travel, and manufacturing
See Page 1 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 3
for Detailed Objectives Chapter 1

4. A World of Computers
• Computers are everywhere
Pages 2 - 3 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 4
Figure 1-1 Chapter 1

5. What Is a Computer?
• A computer is an electronic device, operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory
Collects Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)
Information Processing Cycle
Pages 3 - 4 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 5
Chapter 1

6. What Is a Computer?
Page 4 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 6
Figure 1-2 Chapter 1

7. The Components of a Computer
• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and
mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer
Output Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people
• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that
System Unit are used to process data
Storage Device • Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
Communications • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and
Device information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
Pages 4 - 7 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 7
Chapter 1

8. The Components of a Computer
Page 5 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 8
Figure 1-3 Chapter 1

9. Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
Advantages of Disadvantages of
Using Computers Using Computers
Speed Violation of Privacy
Reliability Public Safety
Consistency Impact on Labor Force
Storage Health Risks
Communications Impact on Environment
Page 7 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 9
Chapter 1

10. Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity
consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Green Computing
below Chapter 1
Page 7 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 10
Chapter 1

11. Networks and the Internet
• A network is a collection of computers and devices
connected together, often wirelessly, via communications
devices and transmission media
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that
connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click The Internet
below Chapter 1
Page 8 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 11
Chapter 1

12. Networks and the Internet
Page 8 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 12
Figure 1-6 Chapter 1

13. Networks and the Internet
• People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:
Communicate Research and Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading
Access Information
Entertainment Share Information Download Videos Web Application
Pages 8 - 9 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 13
Figure 1-7 Chapter 1

14. Networks and the Internet
• A social networking Web site encourages
members to share their interests, ideas, stories,
photos, music, and videos with other registered
users
– Also called an online social network
Page 10 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 14
Chapter 1

15. Computer Software
• Software, also called a program, tells the
computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Utility program
Application Software
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Windows
below Chapter 1
Pages 11 - 12 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 15
Figures 1-8 - 1-9 Chapter 1

16. Computer Software
• Installing is the process of setting up software to
work with the computer, printer, and other
hardware
Pages 12 - 13 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 16
Figure 1-10 Chapter 1

17. Computer Software
• A programmer develops software or writes the
instructions that direct the computer to process
data into information
Page 13 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 17
Figure 1-11 Chapter 1

18. Categories of Computers
Personal computers
Mobile computers and mobile devices
Game consoles
Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded computers
Pages 14 - 15 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 18
Chapter 1

19. Personal Computers
• A personal computer can perform all of its input,
processing, output, and storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the
Apple
– Desktop computer
Pages 15 - 16 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 19
Figures 1-13 - 1-14 Chapter 1

20. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Mobile Mobile
Computer Device
Personal computer you Computing device small
can carry from place to enough to hold in your
place hand
Examples include Examples include smart
notebook computers, phones, PDAs, handheld
laptop computers, computers, portable
netbooks, and Tablet media players, and
PCs digital cameras
Pages 16 - 18 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 20
Chapter 1

21. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Notebook computer
Tablet PC
Smart phone
PDA
Pages 16 - 17 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 21
Figures 1-15 – 1-18 Chapter 1

22. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Handheld computer
Portable media player
Digital camera
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Digital Cameras
below Chapter 1
Pages 17 - 18 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 22
Figures 1-19 – 1-20 Chapter 1

23. Game Consoles
• A game console is a mobile computing device
designed for single-player or multiplayer video
games
Page 18 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 23
Figure 1-21 Chapter 1

24. Servers
• A server controls access to the
hardware, software, and other resources on a
network
– Provides a centralized storage area for
programs, data, and information
Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 24
Figure 1-22 Chapter 1

25. Mainframes
• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful
computer that can handle hundreds or thousands
of connected users simultaneously
Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 25
Figure 1-23 Chapter 1

26. Supercomputers
• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful
computer
– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing
more than one quadrillion instructions in a single
second
Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 26
Figure 1-24 Chapter 1

27. Embedded Computers
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose
computer that functions as a component in a
larger product
Consumer Electronics
Home Automation Devices
Automobiles
Process Controllers and Robotics
Computer Devices and Office
Machines
Page 19 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 27
Chapter 1

28. Embedded Computers
Page 20 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 28
Figure 1-25 Chapter 1

29. Examples of Computer Usage
Home User Small Office/Home Mobile User
• Personal financial management Office User • Connect to other computers on
• Web access • Look up information a network or the Internet
• Communications • Send and receive e-mail • Transfer information
• Entertainment messages • Play video games
• Make telephone calls • Listen to music
• Watch movies
Pages 20 – 23 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 29
Figures 1-26 – 1-28 Chapter 1

30. Examples of Computer Usage
Power User Enterprise User
• Work with multimedia • Communicate among
• Use industry-specific employees
software • Process high volumes
of transactions
• Blog
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Enterprise
Computing below Chapter 1
Pages 23 – 24 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 30
Figures 1-29 – 1-30 Chapter 1

31. Computer Applications in Society
Education
Finance
Government
Health Care
Pages 24 -26 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 31
Figures 1-31 – 1-34 Chapter 1

32. Computer Applications in Society
Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
Pages 26-27 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 32
Figures 1-35 – 1-38 Chapter 1

33. Video: Computer History in a Barn
CLICK TO START
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 33
Chapter 1

34. Summary
Basic computer Components of a
concepts computer
Many different
categories of
Networks, the Internet,
computers, computer
and computer software
users, and computer
applications in society
Page 28 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition 34
Chapter 1

35. Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2011 Edition
Living in a Digital World
Chapter 1 Complete