Comenius project - BGE. Pollution in our country

1. General Secondary School
“Hristo Botev” - Aytos
BUILDING A GREEN EUROPE

3. Soil Pollutants
The economic activities have an
adverse effect on the fertile soils.
These are:
 Workable ground reduction;
 Degraded ground increase;

Ground pollution with a large – scale m

4.  The reduction of the workable
grounds is related to their
deprivation for building of:
 Industrial enterprises,
 roads,
 Pipelines and others.
 Important areas are taken away
by urban sprawl.

5.  The soil degradation is related to the erosion.
 About 80% of cultivated grounds are liable to
water erosion and about 30% of them are liable
to wind erosion.
 The most affected areas are: The Balkans,
Kraishteto, The Eastern Rodopes. In these
regions an important part of the ground is
abandoned and is not cultivated.
 The average annual soil layer taken away by the
water erosion is 136 700 000 tonnes.

6.  The total areas of acid soils are 56% of the
country territory.
 It is an established fact that the percentage of
acid soils in the agriculture areas increases due
to the pollution:
 Plovdiv area,
 Pazardjik area,
 Sofia area,
 Burgas area and others.

7. The soil pollution with large – scale metals is characteristic of
regions with polluted atmosphere air, throwing out waste water,
pesticides in the agriculture and road traffic.
The cultivated areas polluted with large – scale metals are about
470 000 hectares. The most important part of this kind of fields
is in Sofia, Plovdiv, Montana, Haskovo regions.

8. How to solve the problem?
It is necessary to apply soil
prevention activities and
agronomical projects. It has
to be voted measures of the
conservation of ground
resources as an important
part of the nature.

9. Water pollutants
 The most important part of water pollution in
Bulgaria is due to throwing away of waste water
by factories and enterprises. It can be accidental
or intentional.
 This kind of pollution is as a result of throwing
away in the water basins of non – toxic organic
substances like:
 Waste from dairying enterprises,
 Waste waters,
 Fertilizer liquids,
 Scraps of food and others.

11.  Effects of toxic pollution:
 Fish dies when chemical refuse is
thrown in rivers, lakes and seas.
 Extermination of water fauna and
vegetation.
 It is blameworthy to throw away toxic
waste:
 Metal solutions
 Oil products
The consequences can be dangerous.

12. Air pollutants
 The main air pollutants are:
 Heavy industry,
 Chemical industry,
 Metallurgy,
 Machinery construction plants and others.
 Outdated technologies and damped production
capacities don’t correspond to the requirements for
environment protection.
 The disturbed ecological balance is due to trans border
transportation of dangerous substances as in the case of
Bulgarian settlements along the river Danube.

14.  In Bulgaria the most
important atmosphere
pollutant are the dust,
sulphurous dioxide, nitric
oxide and lead aerosols.
 In some regions to the
pollutants can be added
ammonia, phenol, hydrogen
sulphide and others.

15. Ways of nature protection
The campaign against the pollution has to be led
through :
1. Substitution of coal by liquid or gaseous fuel ;
2. Usage of fuel with low quantity of ash and
sulphur;
3. Close down our outdated damped production
capacities which could not be made up to date,
4. Changes in our power development,
5. Usage of renewable energy sources which are
not traditional for our country,
6. Bring into use central heating in the houses and
dust – catchers in the main branches of industry .

16. Thanks for your attention!
Made by Tsvetelina Ivanova – 9a grade
From General Secondary School
“Hristo Botev” – Aytos, Bulgaria

17. This project has been funded with
support from the European
Commission.
This presentation reflects the views
only of the author, and the
Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which may
be made of the information
contained therein.