2. Hot Metal
When metal is heated
enough it glows.
The color changes with
temperature.
• Red – orange – yellow –
white
Light can cross a vacuum.
• Carries energy with it.
3. Stefan-Boltzmann Law
Radiation increases with
temperature.
Energy rate increases as 4th
power of temperature
Stefan-Boltzmann Law. P = eσAT 4
• P = power (W)
• A = surface area (m2)
• T = temperature (K)
• e = emissivity (0 to 1)
∀ σ = constant (5.67 x 10-8
W/m2K4)
4. Blackbody
Emissivity measures the ability of an object to radiate
heat.
It is the same to absorb heat.
A perfect emissivity of 1 is a blackbody.
Low e near 0 High e near 1
5. Surface Temperature
Assume the sun is a First find the surface area.
blackbody radiating 3.9 x 1026 A = 4πr2
W, and its radius is 7.0 x 108
m. Now apply the Stefan-
Boltzmann Law
What is the surface P 1/ 4
T =( )
temperature? 4πr σ
2
T = 5.8 x 103 K
6. Absorbing Heat
Objects that radiate also
absorb.
The radiation heat can be
converted into thermal
energy.