Product strategies and the management of the development process, prototyping & dfma and tpdc

1. SUBJECT:
Product Design & Development (PDD)
ASSIGNMENT ON:
Product strategies and the management of the development
process, Prototyping & DFMA and TPDC
SUBMITTED TO:
Sir Kamleshwer Lohana
SUBMITTED BY:
Varda Shaikh ___________18S-MBA-BS19

2. Question no: 1
How to improve product strategies and the management of the development process? Explain
with general framework and explain relevant product structure concepts. Additionally, explain
main relationship with the concepts and highlight major constraints and opportunities.
Answer:
General framework of product strategies:
Three key points are involved in product strategy and these are:
i. Market and needs-first product developers have to
identify the market segment and then analyze the needs.
ii. Business goals- match market needs with the business
goals, identify the business capacity of creating
products/services.
iii. Key features, differentiators-to make the product
diverse from competitors, add unique features or use
differentiation strategy.
General framework of management of the development process:
The management of the development process is done by the
following steps:
i. Requirement analysis-key requisites will be identified
while developing a product.
ii. Design-it will be ensuring that the design must be robust.
iii. Development-as soon as the design finalized, the
development of product will be started.
iv. Testing-then evaluation and refinement will be done.
v. Deployment-in the end the product will be launch.
Product structure concepts:
Product structure is a hierarchical decomposition of a product, typically known as the bill of
materials (BOM). Here is the example of general cycle. It is divided into 2 main categories and
then these 2 are further sub divided into 7 components.
1. Assembled unit of cycle body
a. Handle bar.
b. Cycle frame.
c. Seat.
2. Assembled unit of wheel.
a. Wheel.
b. Tire and tube.
c. Pedal.
d. Chain.

3. Major constraints and opportunities
Constraints:
i. The labor is not mentioned.
ii. The time is missing.
iii. The overhead cost is also not mentioned.
Opportunities:
i. It is a best source of cost estimation.
ii. It is also best for control inventory.
Question no: 2
How ‘Prototyping’ is a highly important activity in the design process? Explain with examples.
Answer:
1. Validate the customer need and opportunity
Test your idea early in a form that is easy and inexpensive to modify.
2. Demonstrate to you and your team that your idea is implementable.
You won't know for sure about your product until you see it, that it really works. Even when it
works, key members of your team may not understand it all until they can touch and feel it.
3. Leverage the technology to change directions as needed.
A pre-production prototype will allow you to be adaptive without dire consequences.
4. Convince potential investors to take you seriously.
If you have a validated a working prototype, investment risks are dramatically reduced. These
days, if you don't have a proven prototype, investors probably won't even talk to you.
5. Early start on testing performance, materials, and quality.
Work with the prototype will help you determine the best materials, to assure acceptable
performance and durability.
Example: The Al Umeed Rehabilitation Association (AURA) Karachi is using the prototype and
suggests some additional functions. After re-designing they again tested the video game with 20
children with different disabilities, and claim a success rate of almost 78 percent. Now they
partnered with the Rising Sun Institute, a special education organization for mentally and
physically challenged children and helping them to providing entertainment and also aiming to
improve their education as well.

4. Question no: 3
Differentiate between Design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) and Traditional Product
Development Cycle.
Answer:
DFMA is the combination of two methodologies:
 Design for Manufacture, which means the design for
ease of manufacture of the parts that will form a
product.
 Design for Assembly, which means the design of the
product for ease of assembly.
Traditional Product Development Cycle consists of 4 steps:
 Define
 Design
 Develop
 Deploy
Differentiate between DFMA and TPDC:
In TPDC, the design has been done one time and for the
whole process at a time while in DFMA, the design is
separately propose first for manufacturing and then for
assembly for the better results.