1. Yarl IT Hub Community Meet Up 2
Android Presentation
S.Vanjikumaran

2. Agenda
• Mobile Application Development (MAD)
• Intro to Android platform
• Platform architecture
• Application building blocks
• Development tools
• Hello Android Live Demo
• hackathon!
• Advance programming with Database

3. Few reasons to go MAD…
• Smart Phones
– Internet access anywhere
– Social networking
• Millions of mobile users
• Open standards
• Market Share

4. Few reasons to go MAD - Market Share

5. Open Standards - Open Handset Alliance
• A business alliance(OHA) consisting of 47
companies to develop open standards for
mobile devices

6. What is Android?
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

7. Android Architecture
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

8. Android Architecture
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

9. Android Architecture
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

10. Android Architecture
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

11. Android Architecture
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.Android S/W Stack - Application

12. Android S/W Stack - Application
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.Android S/W Stack - Application
• Android provides a set of core applications:
 Email Client
 SMS Program
 Calendar
 Maps
 Browser
 Contacts
 Etc
• All applications are written using the Java language.

13. Android S/W Stack - Application
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.• Enabling and simplifying the reuse of
components
 Developers have full access to the same
framework APIs used by the core applications.
 Users are allowed to replace components.

14. Android S/W Stack - Libraries
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.
• Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by
components of the Android system
• Exposed to developers through the Android
application framework

15. Android S/W Stack - Runtime
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.
• Core Libraries
 Providing most of the functionality available in the core
libraries of the Java language
 APIs
Data Structures
Utilities
File Access
Network Access
Graphics
Etc

16. Android S/W Stack – Runtime (Cont)
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.
• Dalvik Virtual Machine
Providing environment on which every Android
application runs
Each Android application runs in its own process, with
its own instance of the Dalvik VM.
Dalvik has been written such that a device can run
multiple VMs efficiently.
Register-based virtual machine

17. Android S/W Stack – Runtime (Cont)
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.
• Dalvik Virtual Machine (Cont)
Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format
.dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint.
Compilation
Relying on the Linux Kernel for:
Threading
Low-level memory management

18. Android S/W Stack – Linux Kernel
• Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications. Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services
 Memory and Process Management
 Network Stack
 Driver Model
 Security
 Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the rest of the S/W sta
ck

19. • Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

20. • Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware
and key applications.

21. Hello Yarl!

22. Application Building Blocks
• Activity
• IntentReceiver
• Service
• ContentProvider

23. Activities
• Represents the presentation layer of an
Android application, e.g. a screen which the
user sees. An Android application can have
several activities and it can be switched
between them during runtime of the
application. But, they can:
– Be faceless
– Be in a floating window
– Return a value

24. IntentReceivers
• Components that respond to broadcast
‘Intents’
• Way to respond to external notification or
alarms
• Apps can invent and broadcast their own
Intent

25. Intents
• Think of Intents as a verb and object; a
description of what you want done
– E.g. VIEW, CALL, PLAY etc..
• System matches Intent with Activity that can
best provide the service
• Activities and Intent Receivers describe what
Intents they can service

26. Intents (cont..)
GMail
Contacts
Home
Blogger
Chat
Client component makes a
request for a specific action
“Pick photo”
Picasa
System picks best component
for that action
New components can use
existing functionality
Blogger
Photo Gallery

27. Services
• Faceless components that run in the
background
– E.g. music player, network download etc…

28. ContentProviders
• Enables sharing of data across applications
– E.g. address book, photo gallery
• Provides uniform APIs for:
– querying
– delete, update and insert.
• Content is represented by URI and MIME type

29. Development Tools
• Eclipse
• Android SDK 1.0-2.0
developer.android.com

30. The Emulator
• QEMU-based ARM emulator
• Runs the same image as the
device
• Limitations:
– No Camera support
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QEMU

31. Hackathon

32. Advance programming with Database

33. References
• http://developer.android.com