An Introduction to Green Buildings and their Economic Benefits, Sustainable Construction, IGBC Benefits & Case studies

1. GREEN BUILDING

2. GREEN BUILDING
 Refers to a structure and using process that is
environmentally responsible and resource efficient
throughout a building’s life cycle : from sitting to
design, construction, operation, maintenance,re
novation, anddemolition.
 Green building – also known as sustainableor high
performance building increases the efficiency with
which buildings and their sites use and harvest
energy, water, and materials.

3. GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
 The ‘GREEN BUILDING’ concept is gaining
importance in various countries, including India.
Theseare buildings that ensurewaste is minimized
at every stage during the construction and
operation of the building, resulting in low costs,
according to experts intechnology.
 A Green building is a structurethat is environmentally
responsible and resource efficient throughout it’s life
cycle.

4. OBJECTIVE
Green building are designed to reduce the overall
impactof the builtenvironmenton human health and
the natural environment by :
 Efficiently using energy, waterand otherresources.
 Protecting occupant health and improvingemployee
productivity.
 Reducing waste, pollution andenvironment
degradation.

5. Goals of green
building
• Green building brings together a vast array of
practices and techniques to reduce and ultimately
eliminate the impacts of buildings on the
environment and human health. It often
emphasizes taking advantage of renewable
resources, e.g., usingsunlightthroughpassivesolar,
active solar,and photovoltaictechniquesand using
plantsand trees
• throughgreenroofs, raingardens, and for
reductionof rainwaterrun- off. Manyother
techniques, suchas usingpacked gravelor
permeable concrete instead of conventional
concrete or asphalt to enhance replenishmentof
groundwater,areusedaswell.
• Fundamentalprinciples : Structure
Design Efficiency, Energy Efficiency,Water
Efficiency, Materials Efficiency, Indoor
Environmental Quality Enhancement,
Operations and Maintenance Optimization, and
Waste andToxicsReduction

6. Structure design efficiency
 The foundationof anyconstructionproject is rooted in theconcept
and design stages.The concept stage, in fact, is one of the major
steps in a project life cycle, as it has the largest impact on cost and
performance. In designing environmentally optimal
buildings, the objective is to minimize the total
environmental impact associated with all life-cycle stages
of the building project. However, building as a process is not as
streamlined as an industrial process, and varies from one building to
the other, never repeating itself identically. In addition, buildings are
much more complex products, composed of a multitude of
materialsand componentseach constitutingvariousdesignvariables
to be decided at the design stage. A variation of every design
variable may affect the environment during all the
building's relevant life-cyclestages.

7. Energy efficiency
• Toreduce operating energy use, high-efficiency
windows and insulation inwalls, ceilings, and
floors increasetheefficiencyof the building
envelope, (the barrier between conditioned and
unconditioned space).Another strategy, passive
solar building design, is often implemented in
low-energy homes. Designers orient windows and
walls and place awnings, porches, and trees to
shade windowsand roofsduringthesummerwhile
maximizing solargain in thewinter. Inaddition,
effectivewindowplacement(day lighting)can
provide more natural light and lessen the need for
electric lighting duringtheday.Solarwater
heating furtherreducesenergycosts.
• Onsite generation of renewable energy through
solar power, wind power,hydro power, or
biomass can significantly reduce the
environmental impact of the building. Power
generation isgenerally themostexpensive
featuretoadd toa building.

9. Water efficiency
 Reducing water consumption and protecting water quality are key
objectives in sustainable building. One critical issue of water
consumption is that in many areas, the demands on the supplying
aquiferexceed itsability toreplenish itself. Tothe maximumextent
feasible, facilities should increase their dependence on water
that is collected, used, purified, and reused on-site. The
protectionand conservationof waterthroughoutthe lifeof a building
may be accomplished by designing for dual plumbing that recycles
water in toilet flushing. Waste-water may be minimized by utilizing
waterconserving fixtures such as ultra-low flush toiletsand low-
flow shower heads. Bidets help eliminate the useof toilet
paper, reducing sewer traffic and increasing possibilities of re-using
water on-site. Point of use water treatment and heating improves both
waterqualityand energyefficiency while reducing theamountof water
in circulation. Theuseof non-sewageand greywater foron-siteuse
such as site-irrigation will minimize demands on the local
aquifer.

10. Materials efficiency
 Green building materials are composed of renewable, rather than
nonrenewable resources. Green materials are environmentally
responsible because impactsareconsidered overthe lifeof the product.
Depending upon project-specific goals, an assessment of green
materials may involvean evaluationof oneor moreof thecriteria listed
below.
 Green building material/product selection criteria:
Resourceefficiency
Indoor air quality
Energy efficiency
Waterconservation
Affordability

11. Resource Efficiency
 Recycled Content: Products with identifiable recycled content,
including postindustrial contentwitha preference forpostconsumer
content.
 Resource efficient manufacturing process: Productsmanufactured
with resource-efficient processes including reducing energy
consumption, minimizing waste (recycled, recyclable and or source
reduced productpackaging), and reducing greenhousegases.
 Locally available: Building materials, components, and systemsfound
locally or regionally saving energy and resources in transportation to
the projectsite.
 Durable: Materials thatare longer lasting orarecomparable to
conventional products with long lifeexpectancies.

12. Indoor environmental quality enhancement
 Indoor Air Quality seeks to reduce volatile organic compounds, or
VOCs, and other air impurities such as microbial contaminants.
Buildings rely on a properly designed ventilation system
(passively/naturally- or mechanically-powered) to provide adequate
ventilationof cleanerair fromoutdoorsorrecirculated, filtered airas
well as isolated operations (kitchens, dry cleaners, etc.) from other
occupancies.
 Lowor non-toxic: Materials thatemit few or nocarcinogens,
reproductive toxicants, or irritants as demonstrated by the
manufacturer through appropriatetesting.
 Moistureresistant: Productsand systems thatresist moistureor
inhibitthegrowthof biological contaminants in buildings.
 Systemsorequipment: Products thatpromote healthy IAQ by
identifying indoorairpollutantsorenhancing theairquality.

13. Operations and maintenance optimization
 No matter how sustainable a building may have been in its design and
construction, it can only remain so if it is operated responsibly and
maintained properly.. Every aspect of green building is integrated into
the O&M phase of a Ensuring operations and maintenance(O&M)
personnel are part of the project's planning and development
processwill helpretain thegreencriteriadesigned at theonsetof
theproject building's life. Theadditionof newgreen technologiesalso
falls on the O&M staff. Although the goal of waste reduction may be
applied during the design, construction and demolition phases of a
building's life-cycle, it is in the O&M phase that green practices
suchas recycling and airqualityenhancementtake place

14. Waste reduction
 Green architecture also seeks to reduce waste of energy, water and
materials used during construction. For example, in California nearly60%
of the state's waste comes from commercial buildings .During the
construction phase, one goal should be to reduce the amount of material
going to landfills. Well-designed buildings also help reduce the amountof
waste generated by the occupants as well, by providing on-site solutions
such as compost bins to reduce mattergoing to landfills.
 Toreduce the impact on wells or water treatment plants, several options
exist. "Greywater", wastewater from sources such as dishwashing or
washing machines, can be used for subsurface irrigation, or if treated,for
non-potable purposes, e.g., to flush toilets and wash cars. Rainwater
collectors are used for similarpurposes.
 Centralized wastewater treatment systems can be costly and use a lot of
energy. An alternative to this process is converting waste and wastewater
into fertilizer, which avoids thesecosts and shows other benefits.

15. HOW TO MAKE GREEN HOMES

17. Cost and payoff
 The most criticized issue about constructing environmentally friendly
buildings is the price. Photo-voltaics, new appliances, and modern
technologies tend to cost more money. Most green buildings cost a
premium of <2%, but yield 10 times as much over the entire life of the
building. The stigma is between the knowledgeof up-frontcostvs. life-
cycle cost. The savings in money come from more efficient use of
utilities which result in decreased energy bills. It is projected that
differentsectorscould save $130 Billionon energy
bills. Also, higherworkerorstudentproductivitycan be factored into
savings and costdeductions.
 Studies haveshown overa 20 year life period, somegreen buildings
haveyielded $53 to $71 persquare foot back on
investment. Confirming the rentability of greenbuilding
investments, furtherstudies of thecommercial real estate market have
found that LEED and Energy Star certified buildings achieve
significantly higherrents, sale pricesand occupancyratesas well
as lower capitalization rates potentially reflecting lower
investmentrisk.

18. Regulation and
operation
• The Indian building industry is highly de-
centralized with people and/ or groups
engaged in design, construction,
equipment provision, installation, and
renovation working together. Eachgroup
maybeorganized tosomeextent, butthere is
limited interaction among the groups, thus
disabling the integratedgreendesignand
applicationprocess.
• Hence, it isveryimportanttodefineand
quantifysustainable building practices
and their benefits. It is also important to
separatetheroleof differentparticipants
inensuring thatthe building consumes
minimalresources overitsentire lifecycle
and leaves behind a minimal
environmentalfootprint.

19. Indian Green
BuildingCouncil
• The IndianGreen Building Council (IGBC), was
formed in the year2001 byConfederation of Indian
Industry (CII).The vision of the council is to usher
inagreen building movementin Indiaand facilitate
Indiato become one of the global leaders in green
buildings by2015.
• With a modest beginning of 20,000 sq ft (1,900
m2). green built-up areain thecountry in theyear
2003, todaymorethan 1053 green buildings ( as
on April 2011) with a built-up area of over
648,000,000 sq ft (60,200,000 m2). are being
constructed all over India, of which 147 green
buildings are certified and fullyfunctional
• LEED India for NewConstruction
• LEED India for Core andShell
• IGBCGreen Homes
• IGBCGreen FactoryBuilding
• IGBCGreenSEZ
• IGBCGreenTownships

24. Green Rating
for Integrated Habitat Assessment
 GRIHA has been developed after a thorough study and understanding
of the current internationally accepted green building rating systems
and the prevailing building practices in India. The team has researched
on several international rating systems. A few team memberswerealso
sponsored under a study tour by USAEP (United States Asia
Environmental Partnership) to understand the eco-rating systems
prevalent in the US. The team has vast experience in providing design
assistance to green buildings in the country and long and varied
experience in carrying out energy conservation studies in existing
hotels, offices, and othercommercial building. The team has effectively
utilized the several multi-disciplinary strengths and experiences of the
colleagues at TERI to arrive at the tools that addresses cross-cutting
issues in thedesign, development, and operationof agreen building.

25. Suzlon Energy
Limited - Pune
Several accolades continueto
shower upon Suzlon’s global
headquarter in Pune - “One
Earth” - ever since thefacility
has been LEED ‘Platinum’
rated and certified as aneco-
friendly building by the Green
Building Council. Built to
perfection on an area of41,000
square meters (10.13 acres),
One Earth can be counted as
among the largest green
building projects in India and
is living proof that our world
can be replenished with alittle
green effort,everyday.

26. Biodiversity
Conservation India
Ltd (BCIL) -
Bangalore
As a green builder who strives for
the conservation of diversity in
vegetation, forests, culture and
urban lifestyles, BCIL has created
some of the most energy-efficient
residential homes India has ever
set eyes upon. Thecompany’s TZed
homes in Whitefield, Bangalore
has been certified as the first
residential apartment in the world
to be rated ‘Platinum’ under LEED.
TZed, which means “Towards
Zero Energy Development” is a
2,49,000 sq.ft. green project
spread across 5.5 acres and is
designed to reduce lighting and
energy by nearly70 percent.
No home at BCIL TZed Homes uses
incandescent lamps, halogens and
fluorescent tubelights

27. ITC Green Centre -
Gurgaon
Renowned as one of the early
adopters of the green building
movement in India, the ITCGreen
Centre is still considered a
benchmark for green buildings. It
was the first 'Platinum' rated
building in India and has
endeavored to adopt green
practices that go beyond recycled
waste and day-lit offices. Within a
built-in area of 180,000 sq.ft., the
building features alternative
transportation facilities, storm
watermanagement
system, solar thermal
technology, reflective high-
albedo roof paint, minimal
exterior lighting, separate
smoking rooms withexhaust
system and zero-water
discharge
More than 10% of the building materials are
refurbished from other sites and 40% are
from within 500 miles of the project site

28. The Druk White
Lotus School -
Ladakh
In this desert landscape of severe
climatic conditions, 3,500 meters
abovesea level, was born a modest
school that is adjudged as an
outstanding example of
sustainable, green, cost effective
building development. Thismulti-
award winning structure is the
recipient of the Best Asian
Building, Best Education
Building and Best Green
Building awards. It combines
the best of traditional Ladakhi
architecture with 21st century
engineering excellence and is
built with traditional materials
such as locallyexcavated
stone, mud bricks, timberand
grass.
Traditional mud brick masonry is used
internally to provide increased thermal
performance and durability

29. La Cuisine Solaire -
Auroville
One of the most innovative
green buildings in the country
is the solar kitchen at
Auroville that best
demonstrates the use of solar
energy to produce steam.This
1700 sq. m. kitchen is
named thus because of the
huge 15 diameter solar bowl
that has been fixed at the
top of the structure to
harvest solar energy. On a
clear day, this green
structure can generate
enough steam at a
temperature of 150°C that
can be used to cook meals
for 1000 people, threetimes
aday.
This building puts to use appropriate
technologoes and passive solar concepts to
achieve energy-efficiency

30. Doon School -
Dehradun
Authorities can rightfully
claim that this establishment
is one of India's first green
school campuses that opted
for recycling measures and
successfully achieved cent
per cent self-sufficiency in
energy, water and organic
fertilizer. Several old
building blocks that were
part of the 69 acre school
were redesigned and solar
thermal systems, waste
management processes as
well as biomassgasification
systems were introduced as
part of its green initiatives.
Doon school drastically reduced the need for
artificial heating/cooling air conditioning
through solar thermal systems and cross-
ventilation

31. Raintree Hotels -
Chennai
Here is an eco-sensitive hotel for
the eco-savvy traveler. The entire
chain of Raintree business hotels
across Chennai city are the first
eco-sensitive hotels in SouthIndia.
Everything about this hospitality
range is green: right from the
rubber wood, bamboo and
medium-density fiber used for
construction down to the
Portland Pozzalana cement
containing 15 to 20 per cent fly
ash. The George Fisher
concealed cistern installed at
the hotel controls the water
used in toilet flushes and the
sewage treatment plantrecycles
waterforuse inairconditioners.
Setting new standards of environmental
responsibility without compromising on
guest experience

32. Rajiv Gandhi
International
Airport -
Hyderabad
India’s first Greenfield airport is
undeniably among the top 10green
buildings in India and the first
airport in Asia to be awardedthe
LEED ‘Silver’ rating certification by
US Green Building Council.
Featuring 100,005 sq. m. ofglass
encased terminal, this green
buildingensuresoptimaluseof
natural light and minimal
wastage of electricity or energy
consumption. Yetanother of its
green features includes the
recycling of treated wastewater
for landscaping, air
conditioning and flushing
requirements.
This greenfield airport has been built at a
cost of Rs 2,478 crore

33. Patni Knowledge
Centre
*Climate responsivearchitecture
*Over 50% greenarea
*75% of the area receivesnatural
daylight
*95% of the occupants getaccess
to outsideviews
*Zero discharge building;100%
recycling of sewage
*Drip water irrigation andsolar
water heating
*Interior materials with low
volatile organic compound(VOC)
emissions
*Healthy air quality with CO2
sensors for adding fresh air on
demand
*Maximum use ofeco-friendly
recyclable material.
Set up with an investment of Rs.. 175 crores,
this Green IT-BPO centre is spread over 5
acres of land and seats over 3,500 people.

34. Nokia - Gurgaon
Among India’s most sustainable
buildings is the corporate office of
Nokia in Gurgaon which has been
granted accreditation as one of the
world’s leading green buildings by
the U.S. Green Building Council
(USGBC).This is the first time that
a commercial interior fit-out
project in India is being awarded
the Green Building Award and
prestigious LEED ‘Gold’ rating.
What makes this green officestand
out from the rest is its smart
lighting and ventilation
systems, high-efficiency
chillers, high-performance
double glazing, heat recovery
wheel, green guard certified
furniture and online CO2
monitoringsystem.

35. START THINKING GREEN

36. THANK
YOU !