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Andrew Moody                                                                             1st National Conference
University of Macau                                                  Dept. of English, University of Santo Tomas
amoody@umac.mo                                                                                   19–20 May 2011

Authenticity in Asian Pop Music

(1) Phonological Code-Switiching (i.e. Code-Ambiguation): 'I Miss You', Love Psychedelico (2001)


Phonemic Reading:         /nakitai          kµrai/
Phonetic Reading:         [nEkt'ai          k'rai]
Word Translation:         want to cry        like
English Translation:      'Like I want to cry'
Ambiguated Meaning:       'I want to cry, cry'

(2) Lexical Code-Switching: 'Kantoi' Zee Avi (2009)

  Semalam I call you, you tak answer [last night I call you, you don't answer]
  You kata you keluar pergi dinner [you said you went out to dinner]
  You kata you keluar dengan kawan you [you said you went out with your friends ]
  But when I called Tommy he said it wasn't true

  So I drove my car pergi Damansara [to Damansara]
  Tommy kata maybe you tengok bola [Tommy said maybe you are wathing a football match]
  Tapi bila I sampai, you tak ada [but when I arrived, you were not there]
  Lagilah I jadi gila! [Of course I became angry]

  So I called and called sampai you answer [until]
  You kata, 'Sorry, sayang. Tadi tak dengar. [You said 'Sorry, darling. I didn't hear the call.]
  My phone was on silent; I was at the gym'.
  Tapi latar belakang suara perempuan lain. [But another woman's voice was in the background]

  Sudahlah, sayang, I don't believe you [Enough, darling]
  I've always known that your words were never true
  Why am I with you? I pun tak tahu [I do not know]
  No wonder-lah my friends pun tak suka you [do not like you]

  So I guess that's the end of our story
  Akhir kata she accepted his apology [Finally]
  Tapi last-last kita dapat tahu she was cheating too [But last-last (in the end) we know that]
  With her ex-boyfriend's best friend...
  Tommy...

  Kantoi
Selected References
Bain, Gavin (2010) California schemin': How two lads from Scotland conned the music industry.
       London: Simon and Schuster.
Barker, Hugh and Taylor, Yuval (2007). Faking it: The quest for authenticity in popular music.
       London: Faber and Faber.
Bell, Allan (1984) Language style as audience design. Language in Society 13:145–204.
Bell, Allan (2001) Back in style: Reworking audience design. Style and sociolinguistic variation,
       Penelope Eckert and John R. Rickford (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 139–
       69.
Benjamin, Walter (1970) The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction. Illuminations, Hannah
      Arendt (ed), Harry Zohn (trans). New York: Collins, pp. 217–51.
Bronstein, Arthur J. (2000) American Speech — Trying to remember. American Speech 75: 230–2.
Bucholtz, Mary (2003) Sociolinguistic nostalgia and the authentication of identity. Journal of
    Sociolinguistics 7(3): 398–416.
Coupland, Nikolas (2001) Language, situation, and the relational self: Theorizing dialect-style in
    sociolinguistics. Style and sociolinguistic variation, Penelope Eckert and John R. Rickford (eds).
    Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 185–210.
Coupland, Nikolas (2003) Sociolinguistic authenticities. Journal of Sociolinguistics 7(3): 417–31.
Dowd, Norman Lee and Allison Kujiraoka (2002) English in Japanese pop music: Analyses and
    perceptions.                     [Higashi Nippon International University Research Bulletin]
    7: 11–28.
Eckert, Penelope & Sally McConnell-Ginet (1992) Think practically and look locally: Language and
     gender as community-based practice. Annual Review of Anthropology 21: 461–90.
Frith, Simon. (1987) Towards an aesthetic of popular music. Music and society, Richard Leppert and
        Susan McClary, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Grossberg, Lawrence. (1993) The media economy of rock culture: Cinema, postmodernity and
     authenticity. Sound and vision: The music video reader, Simon Frith, Andrew Goodwin and
     Lawrence Grossberg (eds). London: Routledge, pp. 185–209.
Labov, William (1972) Sociolinguistic patterns (Conduct and Communication Series). Philadelphia:
    University of Pennsylvania Press.
LePage, Robert B. & Andrée Tabouret-Keller (1985) Acts of identity: Creole-based approaches to
    language and ethnicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Matsui, Aki (2003) Attitudes toward English in Japan through J-pop.             [Language and
     Culture] 11: 140–49.
Misaki, Tetsu [       ] (2002) J                  [J-Pop Japanese]. Tokyo: Sairyuusha.
Montgomery, Martin (2001) Defining 'authentic talk'. Discourse Studies 7(3): 397–405.
Moody, Andrew & Yuko Matsumoto (2003) 'Don't touch my moustache': Language blending and code
    ambiguation by two J-Pop artists. Asian Englishes 6: 4–33.
Moody, Andrew J. (2006) English in Japanese popular culture and J-Pop music. World Englishes 25:
    209–22.
Moody, Andrew (2010) The Englishes of popular culture. Handbook of world Englishes, Andy
    Kirkpatrick, ed. London: Routledge, pp. 535–49.
Nobuaki, Konuki [      ] (2003)                              [Language magic in songs]. Tokyo:
    Yamaha Music Media Corporation.
Pratt, Mary Louise (1987) Linguistic utopias. The linguistics of writing: Arguments between language
       and literature, Nigel Fabb, Derek Attridge, Alan Durant and Colin MacCabe (eds). New York:
       Methuen, pp. 48–66.
Rampton, Ben. 1995 Crossing: Language and ethnicity among adolescents. London: Longman.
Stanlaw, James (2002) Open your file, open your mind: Women, English, and changing roles and
      voices in Japanese pop music. Japan pop!: Inside the world of Japanese popular culture, Timothy
      J. Craig, ed. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, pp. 75–100.
Stanlaw, James (2004) Japanese English: Language and culture contact. Hong Kong: Hong Kong
      University Press.
Trudgill, Peter (1983) Acts of conflicting identity: The sociolinguistics of British pop-song
     pronunciation. On dialect: Social and geographical perspectives, Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 141–60.

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Dr. andrew moody

  • 1. Andrew Moody 1st National Conference University of Macau Dept. of English, University of Santo Tomas amoody@umac.mo 19–20 May 2011 Authenticity in Asian Pop Music (1) Phonological Code-Switiching (i.e. Code-Ambiguation): 'I Miss You', Love Psychedelico (2001) Phonemic Reading: /nakitai kµrai/ Phonetic Reading: [nEkt'ai k'rai] Word Translation: want to cry like English Translation: 'Like I want to cry' Ambiguated Meaning: 'I want to cry, cry' (2) Lexical Code-Switching: 'Kantoi' Zee Avi (2009) Semalam I call you, you tak answer [last night I call you, you don't answer] You kata you keluar pergi dinner [you said you went out to dinner] You kata you keluar dengan kawan you [you said you went out with your friends ] But when I called Tommy he said it wasn't true So I drove my car pergi Damansara [to Damansara] Tommy kata maybe you tengok bola [Tommy said maybe you are wathing a football match] Tapi bila I sampai, you tak ada [but when I arrived, you were not there] Lagilah I jadi gila! [Of course I became angry] So I called and called sampai you answer [until] You kata, 'Sorry, sayang. Tadi tak dengar. [You said 'Sorry, darling. I didn't hear the call.] My phone was on silent; I was at the gym'. Tapi latar belakang suara perempuan lain. [But another woman's voice was in the background] Sudahlah, sayang, I don't believe you [Enough, darling] I've always known that your words were never true Why am I with you? I pun tak tahu [I do not know] No wonder-lah my friends pun tak suka you [do not like you] So I guess that's the end of our story Akhir kata she accepted his apology [Finally] Tapi last-last kita dapat tahu she was cheating too [But last-last (in the end) we know that] With her ex-boyfriend's best friend... Tommy... Kantoi
  • 2. Selected References Bain, Gavin (2010) California schemin': How two lads from Scotland conned the music industry. London: Simon and Schuster. Barker, Hugh and Taylor, Yuval (2007). Faking it: The quest for authenticity in popular music. London: Faber and Faber. Bell, Allan (1984) Language style as audience design. Language in Society 13:145–204. Bell, Allan (2001) Back in style: Reworking audience design. Style and sociolinguistic variation, Penelope Eckert and John R. Rickford (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 139– 69. Benjamin, Walter (1970) The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction. Illuminations, Hannah Arendt (ed), Harry Zohn (trans). New York: Collins, pp. 217–51. Bronstein, Arthur J. (2000) American Speech — Trying to remember. American Speech 75: 230–2. Bucholtz, Mary (2003) Sociolinguistic nostalgia and the authentication of identity. Journal of Sociolinguistics 7(3): 398–416. Coupland, Nikolas (2001) Language, situation, and the relational self: Theorizing dialect-style in sociolinguistics. Style and sociolinguistic variation, Penelope Eckert and John R. Rickford (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 185–210. Coupland, Nikolas (2003) Sociolinguistic authenticities. Journal of Sociolinguistics 7(3): 417–31. Dowd, Norman Lee and Allison Kujiraoka (2002) English in Japanese pop music: Analyses and perceptions. [Higashi Nippon International University Research Bulletin] 7: 11–28. Eckert, Penelope & Sally McConnell-Ginet (1992) Think practically and look locally: Language and gender as community-based practice. Annual Review of Anthropology 21: 461–90. Frith, Simon. (1987) Towards an aesthetic of popular music. Music and society, Richard Leppert and Susan McClary, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Grossberg, Lawrence. (1993) The media economy of rock culture: Cinema, postmodernity and authenticity. Sound and vision: The music video reader, Simon Frith, Andrew Goodwin and Lawrence Grossberg (eds). London: Routledge, pp. 185–209. Labov, William (1972) Sociolinguistic patterns (Conduct and Communication Series). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. LePage, Robert B. & Andrée Tabouret-Keller (1985) Acts of identity: Creole-based approaches to language and ethnicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Matsui, Aki (2003) Attitudes toward English in Japan through J-pop. [Language and Culture] 11: 140–49. Misaki, Tetsu [ ] (2002) J [J-Pop Japanese]. Tokyo: Sairyuusha. Montgomery, Martin (2001) Defining 'authentic talk'. Discourse Studies 7(3): 397–405. Moody, Andrew & Yuko Matsumoto (2003) 'Don't touch my moustache': Language blending and code ambiguation by two J-Pop artists. Asian Englishes 6: 4–33. Moody, Andrew J. (2006) English in Japanese popular culture and J-Pop music. World Englishes 25: 209–22.
  • 3. Moody, Andrew (2010) The Englishes of popular culture. Handbook of world Englishes, Andy Kirkpatrick, ed. London: Routledge, pp. 535–49. Nobuaki, Konuki [ ] (2003) [Language magic in songs]. Tokyo: Yamaha Music Media Corporation. Pratt, Mary Louise (1987) Linguistic utopias. The linguistics of writing: Arguments between language and literature, Nigel Fabb, Derek Attridge, Alan Durant and Colin MacCabe (eds). New York: Methuen, pp. 48–66. Rampton, Ben. 1995 Crossing: Language and ethnicity among adolescents. London: Longman. Stanlaw, James (2002) Open your file, open your mind: Women, English, and changing roles and voices in Japanese pop music. Japan pop!: Inside the world of Japanese popular culture, Timothy J. Craig, ed. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, pp. 75–100. Stanlaw, James (2004) Japanese English: Language and culture contact. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Trudgill, Peter (1983) Acts of conflicting identity: The sociolinguistics of British pop-song pronunciation. On dialect: Social and geographical perspectives, Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 141–60.