1. Prepared By Dr Usman Khlaid Goraya DVM (IUB) Reference -DC Blood Rodastis
Inorganic poisons (Lead, Arsenic, phosphorous, mercury, etc. in farm animals and pets
N Disease Etio Epi C.F Rx Nx
1. Lead
poisoning
(plumbism)
Accidental
ingestion of lead or
ingestion of feed or
grazing pasture
containing
excessive lead
in spring mostly,
Sources include
discarded lead
batteries, lead-
based paints,
industrial
sources of lead,
pastures near
motor vehicle
highways and
smelters.
Cattle: Acute - convulsions, blindness, tremors, charging,
rapid death unless treated. Subacute - blindness, stupor, head-
pressing, rhythmic ear tics,blepharospasm, rumen stasis and
eventual death.
Sheep: Lambs on pasture with posterior paresis.
Horses: On pasture. Signs highly variable.Inspiratory dysnea,
roughened hair coat,weight loss most commonly.
Occasionally convulsions.
o Pentobarbital
sodium in calves
chloral hydrate in
adults temporarily
relieves the
convulsions
o Calcium versenate
(calcium disodium
ethylenediamine
tetra-acetate,
CaEDTA) 6.6.&
soln.Iv 1mlkg
o Thiamin
hydrochloride
o Rumenotomy
acute cases there are
no gross lesions,
Epicardial
hemorrhages.
Congestion of
meningeal and
cerebral vessels.
increase in CSF is
often recorded but is
of minor
degree.
2. Arsenic
poisoning
Insecticidal
dipping fluids,
sprays;
herbicides;,feed
additives.
Most cases result
from ingestion
but percutaneous
absorption also
possible
Enteric form;a highly fatal gastroenteritis with diarrhea,
dehydration.
Nervous form ;with incoordination and blindness, or a
syndrome of incoordination,restlessness, squealing,
convulsions
Best antidote;
2,3dimercaptopropanol
(BAL) or sodium
thiosulfate
charcoal (1-4 g/kg )
Gastroenteritis in
enteric form, no
lesions in nervous
form
3. Phosphorus
poisoning
rarely used as a
rodent poison
nowadays and this
is the only likely
source
finely divided
and mixed with
oils or fats which
facilitate its
absorption.
severe diarrhea, acute abdominal pain, salivation, and intense
thirst, acute shock during this stage. Survivors show jaundice,
weakness and anorexia, oliguria and hematuria.
emetic or hydragogue
purgative
Carcass often
jaundiced
and the liver is
swollen and pale.
4. Mercury
poisoning
Rarely inorganic
mercury,commonly
organic
preparations
Inorganic salts in
preparations
used as
rubifacients.
Organic
preparations
used in seed
grain fed
accidentally.
Inorganic salts: Acute - vomiting, diarrhea,
abdominal pain; Chronic - weight loss,
depression, alopecia, scabby dermatitis,
long course.
Organic preparations: blindness,
incoordination, paralysis
iver and
kidneys are swollen
and the lungs are
congested,dermatitis
also can appear
