6. Women in Diplomacy
Women from all over the world have made and are
making significant contributions to diplomacy and
international relations, but there are still obstacles
that discourage them from getting involved and
realized their full potential – that’s true even in the
United States. In order to have a successful
diplomatic corps that is ready to address 21st
century challenges, a country needs to cultivate
and harness the talents of female diplomats.
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7. History of Women in the U.S.
Foreign Service
1922: Lucile Atcherson
becomes first woman in the
Foreign Service
1924: Rogers Act passed
1933: Ruth Bryan Owen
appointed first female head of
U.S. diplomatic mission
(Denmark)
1949: Eugenie Moore
Anderson appointed first U.S.
ambassador (Denmark)
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8. History of Women in the U.S.
Foreign Service
1953: Frances Willis becomes
first female career diplomat to
become ambassador
(Switzerland)
1972: “marriage bar”
overturned
1997: Madeleine Albright
appointed first female
Secretary of State
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9. Where do we stand today?
1985: 80% of the FS male
2005: 66% of the FS male
2006: 215/387 new
diplomats hired by the State
Department female
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10. Where do we stand today?
APPOINTMENT OF WOMEN AS COM AND TO OTHER SENIOR POSTS
President COM Other
Roosevelt (1935-1945) 2 --
Truman (1945-1953) 2 --
Eisenhower (1953-1961) 4 --
Kennedy (1961-1963) 2 --
Johnson (1963-1969) 4 1
Nixon (1969-1974) 4 2
Ford (1974-1977) 7 3
Carter (1977-1981) 18 10
Reagan (1981-1989) 22 11
G.H.W. Bush (1989-1993) 28 9
Clinton (1993-2001) 87 29
G.W. Bush (2001-2004) 50 19
Source: Foreign Service Journal, October 2005
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12. Influence of Female Diplomats
on Diplomacy
Caskie Stinnett (American travel writer and
humorist): A diplomat is a person who can tell
you to go to hell in such a way that you
actually look forward to the trip.
Isaac Goldberg (American journalist and
author): Diplomacy is to do and say the
nastiest things in the nicest way.
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distribution