Networking 101 part 2 for ai

Welcome!
Networking “101”
##AAvvaayyaaAATTFF
#AvayaATF

Networking “101” Agenda
#AvayaATF
Part 1: May 6
 Networking 101: What Do All Those Acronyms Mean?
 Networking 102: Standing on the Standards
Part 2: May 8
 Networking 103: The Basics of Routing and Switching
 Networking 104: You Mean Avaya Has Networking?
© 2014 Avaya Inc. All rights reserved. 2

Switching and Routing
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Networking 103 Agenda
#AvayaATF
 Network Basics
 What is a Network
 OSI Model
 What is Bridging
 Spanning Tree Protocol
 Switching
 What is a Ethernet Switching
 802.1Q Tagging
 Routing
 Types of Routing Protocols and Topologies
 OSPF
 RIP
 BGP

Networking Technology
© 2014 Avaya Inc. All rights reserved. #AvayaATF
#AvayaATF 5

Network Basics
#AvayaATF
© 2014 Avaya Inc. All rights reserved.
6

Definition of a Network
 A Network is used to connect two or more
computers in order to share resources.
 A good example would be a pc to a server or a pc
to a network printer.
 Types of networks include home, enterprise,
internet, intranet, and extranet.
#AvayaATF

OSI Model
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
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Physical Layer
8

What is Network Bridging
 Network Bridging allows two or more communication
networks or network segments to create and aggregate
Network. Bridging is different than routing which allows
networks to communicate independently as separate
networks.
 A Bridge is a network device that connects multiple network
segments. Reference our OSI Model where bridging acts in
L1 and L2.
 There are many types of topologies and technology that
bridging works in such as Ethernet, token ring, fddi, bus,
star, and bus.
#AvayaATF

Bridge Topologies
Ring Fully Connected Star Mesh
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Line
Tree
10
Bus

What is Spanning Tree Protocol
 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a Layer 2 protocol that runs
on bridges and switches. The specification for STP is IEEE
802.1D. The primary purpose of STP is to ensure that you
do not create loops when you have redundant paths in your
network. Loops are deadly to a network!
 Invented by Dr. Radia Perlman when she was a software
designer at DEC. Dr. Perlman also was a major contributor
in the development of OSPF, IS-IS, and TRILL.
 http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/perlman.html
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Spanning Tree Algorithm
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Ethernet Switching
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13

Ethernet Switching
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Ethernet Switching Definition
 Ethernet Switches evolved from the earlier HUB. A
Switch is a Network Device that connects many
other Ethernet Devices together. Switching is more
advanced than a hub because it only sends a
message to the device that needs the message and
not broadcast to the entire segment or local area
network.
 Most Switches today allow for Multilayer Switching
allowing networks to connect between each other at
Layer III. VLAN Switching – Going from one vlan to another.
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Routing
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17

Routing
#AvayaATF

Routing – Why do we need it?
 As stated earlier, routers connect more than one network at
Layer III.
 Routers use routing protocols such as RIP, OSPF, IS-IS,
BGP, and EIGRP to automatically develop routing tables that
contain the network address (TCP/IP) of a particular address
automatically.
 Routers are also used many times to set policies that can
change the behavior in which traffic flows by sending in a
particular direction or blocking specific networks like a
firewall would.
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Basic Network Construct
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OSPF Routing Example
Internal router
Backbone RTR
IR BR
Internal router
Area 2 Area 1
Area Border Router Area Border Router
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BR
BR BR
ABR
ABR
IR
Area 0
21

OSPF Specifics
 OSPF Uses Area’s as specific Routing Domains.
 All Areas must be connected to Area 0 via an ABR
(Area Border Router)
 OSPF is a Link State Protocol and sends link state
advertisements to provide the specific information
around networks and routes.
 OSPF is and Industry Standard and is Not
Proprietary like EIGRP. Widely used in the
Enterprise Space.
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RIP Routing Information Protocol
Resp Resp
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Req Req
Req Resp
Note: RIPv2 supports
CIDR /RFC 2453
23

RIP Timers
 Update Timer – Controls interval for between response.
Default is 30 seconds.
 Invalid Timer – Defines how long a routing update can be in
routing without an update. Also called an expiration timer.
After 180 seconds the route goes unreachable.
 Flush Timer – You guessed it, how long a route is invalid or
unreachable before the route is flushed from the routing
table
 Hold-Down Timer – this timer is started when the hop count
is changing from a lower to a higher value. NOTE = Hop
count determines the best route to the destination. Max Hop
Count is 16.
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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
#AvayaATF
ISP A ISP B
BGP Peer
25

EBGP
EBGP EBGP
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ISP1
AS100
ISP2
AS200
MyCorp Inc.
IBGP
26

Troubleshooting
 Intermittent connections - always check cabling
#AvayaATF
 Default gateway
 Ping
 Trace route
 Network Latency/Jitter
 Quality of Service

1972 - 1982 1980 1985
Avaya
Fabric
Connect
#AvayaATF 28
William Yeager
Stanford Univ.
1995
1999 2011
Nortel
Switch
Clustering
To SPBm
Bay Networks
Switch Stacking
Fabric
Connect

Avaya Has a Rich History
Carrier Class Voice and Data Technologies brought to the enterprise!
#AvayaATF
VoIP VoWLAN Unified
Comm
Real-Time application focus
I COMMUNICATIONS WELLFLEET
1985 1994
1998 2009
SynOptics
Bay Networks
BayStack
Passport
Contivity

Recent Advancements in VoIP and UC Support in
Ethernet Switches
A lot has happened in the last five years…
5 years ago Today
PoE has advanced PoE availability only PoE+ and power
#AvayaATF
management
Uplink capacity has grown 1 Gig 10 Gig flexibility
Port speed has increased 10/100 Fast Ethernet 1 Gig majority
Quality of Service has become easier Complex, manually
configured QoS
QoS automatically
linked to UC
device discovery
WiFi authentication is now flexible Limited 802.1x Flexible 802.1x
Management is easier CLI GUI
Provisioning is easier Multi-step process Plug n play UC
Maintenance is easier External RPSU;
Unit failure downtime
Integral RPSU;
AU Replacement

Old Networking World View
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Greatest Networking Challenges
for Superior Collaboration
#AvayaATF
Availability
of all applications
all the time
Continuity
during outages and
disasters
Quality
of experience
for all sessions
Performance
for real-time collaboration

The Avaya Data Solutions Vision
The 3 Network Imperatives for
Plug & Play Communications
PLUG & PLAY COMMUNICATIONS
Efficient Scalable
#AvayaATF 33
Always-On

Superior Uptime in the Core & Data Center
The Active/Active Model
 Servers run active-active
#AvayaATF
 Always-on recovery
 Fully utilized resources
 Simplified troubleshooting
 Any size, small to large
Which makes more sense?

Delivering Real-Time Performance
in the Core and Data Center
#AvayaATF
 Faster applications
 Easy video broadcasting
 Real-time application rollout

Superior Uptime at Network Edge
 “Fingerprint” port assignment
#AvayaATF
 Stackable Chassis
 Auto-unit replacement
 Dual boot OS
 Dual homing to devices
 Built-In Application Monitoring

Delivering Real-Time Performance
at the Network Edge
 Backplane performance
#AvayaATF
 Access point capacity
 End to end QoS
 SLA Monitoring
a a
Up to 5x
greater
WLAN 8100
31% Greater video
23% Greater voice
Source: Miercom, Plug & Play and WLAN Controllers Reports, 2011

Scalabilty
for Growth and Collaborative Applications
#AvayaATF
 Highly flexible configurations
 One switch to a small core
 Fast Ethernet to 10G uplinks
 Mixed PoE, ports, and uplinks
 Up to 5x the backplane performance
 Up to 1/3 greater switch fabric capacity1
Switch Backplane
Performance
5,120
1,152
320 128 96 64
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
-
Source: Miercom, 2011 (*Outside of the test set)
1Source: LANCAT Tool, 2012
Gbps

Plug and Play Provisioning
Avaya Stackable
Ethernet Routing
#AvayaATF
Switches
Avaya IP Phones
Enterprise LAN
Data Center

#AvayaATF
Avaya Energy Saver
FACT: Avaya saves even more energy than Cisco

Why the Need for Quality of Service?
 A best-effort based network or service is not able to provide the required Quality of
Service for critical business applications – especially those requiring real-time
action/decision.
 Many things can happen to a packet as it travels through the network:
#AvayaATF © 2011 Avaya Page 41 of 190 Inc. All Rights Reserved
 Errors
 Packets might be corrupted due to noise and interference.
 Loss
 Packets might be dropped if routers are too busy, or for lack of available bandwidth.
 Latency
 It might take a long time for each packet to reach its destination.
 Jitter
 Packets might take different routes resulting in a variation of delays.
 Out-of-order delivery
 Packets might arrive out of order.
 Not only Voice and/or Video, but many new applications require QoS.
Topic 1: Quality of Service in the Network

#AvayaATF
Competition’s
Reactive Networks
 Expensive with
additional overlay
 Reactive using
historical mining
 Incomplete with
no end-to-end
visibility
 Proactive
monitoring
 ‘Agents
everywhere’
 Graphical
reporting
Network-wide Proactive QoS Monitoring
Avaya-on-Avaya Access Solution
Poor session
quality
Call to IT and
troubleshooting
begins
Synthetic tests
sent
Trouble segments
identified BEFORE
call begins

No need to retrain your Cisco-trained staff, Avaya simplifies
deployment with our Industry-aligned CLI
Avaya Cisco
#AvayaATF
NO
Cisco
Required

IP Office Connection Example
#AvayaATF

Warranty on Stackable Switches
Best-in-Class Lifetime Warranty
 Part of Avaya’s real TCO advantage
#AvayaATF
 Lifetime Hardware Warranty
 Next Business Day Replacement
 Lifetime Technical Support
 Lifetime Basic Support
 90 days Advanced Support
 Optional Software Subscription
 Nominal fee for software updates
 Optional Hardware Replacement
Services

Third-Party Competitive Reports
#AvayaATF © 2011 Avaya Inc. All Rights Reserved
Up to 7x
more resilient
Up to 20x
better performance
Up to 50%
lower TCO
Up to 40%
less energy
Topic 1: Avaya's Data History and Strategy

Real life proof point …
The largest temporary network in the world!
• Interop 2011 - Vendor A sent 20 network engineers to hot
stage
• Interop 2012 - Vendor B sent 25 network engineers to hot
stage
• Interop 2013, Las Vegas - Avaya sent 3 network engineers
to hot stage
• Interop 2013, NYC - Avaya sent 3 network engineers to hot
stage
“Four system engineers completed the network installation in three days - 1/10 the
resources of previous events. Then, for the next five days, the show tested the mettle of
Shortest Path Bridging …
Avaya Fabric Connect met the challenge without a single incident related to the Avaya
solution. Layer 2, Layer 3, Unicast and Multicast services ran flawlessly over Avaya Fabric
Connect the entire event. Mission accomplished.”
“This year's InteropNet demonstrated that, ideologically
motivated debating points aside, SPB just works.”
#AvayaATF

“Avaya Networking has a strong track record of innovation…this is the
same company that invented stacking in the late 90’s and were the first to
market with Active-Active high availability…pioneers of Ethernet
Fabrics…anyone not paying attention to Avaya Networking should
take another look.”
#AvayaATF
Zeus Kerravala,
ZK Research, 2012

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