The document discusses ergonomics in industrial and office settings. It defines ergonomics as the study of the relationship between people and their work environment. The goal is to prevent injuries by designing physical work to fit the user. Improper posture and repetitive tasks can cause musculoskeletal disorders if risks like bending, twisting, force, and vibration are not addressed. Solutions include adjusting workstations, using ergonomic tools, taking breaks, stretching, and changing positions to reduce fatigue and discomfort.
59. Static exertion is often more tiring because the muscles do not have a chance to recover.8
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61. Whole body fatigue is best reduced by decreasing the level of body activity or by resting the body.9 The amount of force you exert and the length of time both effect how soon and how much fatigue will set in.
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63. Cumulative Trauma injuries are “wear and tear” type and include damage to hands, wrists, shoulders, elbow and some back disorders.10
75. Hook and contact grasps expose the operator to the potential of contact stress with sharp or hard objects.
76. DO NOT strike objects with your hand or any body part.13
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78. The longer the reach, the greater effect of any weight involved. The more off center the reach, the greater effect of any weight involved.14 Inverted Drill Press
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81. Lets you use larger muscles with less strain on your back.
90. Arms Extended & Unsupported: Alter the design of the work station to bring the work closer. Minimize work above shoulders and avoid work that requires elbow abduction (elbows up).
91. Bending & Twisting: Reposition the objects to the front of the worker at an appropriate height.
92. Using Significant Force: Reduce the weight of the load if possible, keep your body in neutral postures, use assisted lifts, reduce pinch forces, use power grips and minimize lift distance.
93. Static Body Posture: Alternate between standing and sitting. Rest one foot on a support while standing.18
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95. Contact Stress: Cushion exposed body parts (e.g. gloves), pad hard or sharp objects, and round or smooth rough edges.
96. Heat / Cold: Limit exposure to temperature extremes, use heating / cooling systems and wear protective clothing.
133. Apply these simple techniques to everyday routines in AND out of work.27
134. Quiz 1. True or False It’s important to know about Industrial and Office ergonomics to reduce the possible cause of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD’s). 2. True or False When lifting, it’s good to bend at the knees and not the back. 3. True or False When at a computer, the further the mouse is away from the body, the better it is for the elbow. 4. When you believe there is an ergonomic issue you should do all except: Report issues whenever it’s convenient. Share ideas on improvement. Report malfunctioning equipment. Apply effective techniques outside of work. 5. What is NOT a good way to reduce comfort and fatigue on the job: Taking short breaks Taking a short nap Stretching Moving around & changing positions 28
135. Quiz 6. True or False When you are multitasking and your phone rings, cradle the telephone with your head. 7. True or False When feeling weary, it’s okay to relax eyes for a few seconds and refocus on distant objects. 8. When typing at a computer from another document, you should place it: Flat on the desk next to you On your lap On a holder between the keyboard or next to the screen Propped up on the keyboard in front of the screen 9. Yes or No Is ergonomics designed for work environments to maximize efficiency alone? 10. True or False If you’ve been working for 20 years, it won’t make a difference to change your posture and awkward routines on the job. 29
136. Review 1.Trueor False It’s important to know about Industrial and Office ergonomics to reduce the possible cause of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD’s). 2.Trueor False When lifting, it’s good to bend at the knees and not the back. 3. True or False When at a computer, the further the mouse is away from the body, the better it is for the elbow. 4. When you believe there is an ergonomic issue you should do all except: Report issues whenever it’s convenient. Share ideas on improvement. Report malfunctioning equipment. Apply effective techniques outside of work. 5. What is NOT a good way to reduce comfort and fatigue on the job: Taking short breaks Taking a short nap Stretching Moving around & changing positions 30
137. Review 6.True or False When you are multitasking and your phone rings, cradle the telephone with your head. 7.Trueor False When feeling weary, it’s okay to relax eyes for a few seconds and refocus on distant objects. 8. When typing at a computer from another document, you should place it: Flat on the desk next to you On your lap On a holder between the keyboard or next to the screen Propped up on the keyboard in front of the screen 9. Yes or No Is ergonomics designed for work environments to maximize efficiency alone? 10. True or False If you’ve been working for 20 years, it won’t make a difference to change your posture and awkward routines on the job. 31
Hinweis der Redaktion
TrueTrueFalseA: Report issues whenever it’s convenient.B: Taking a short nap
6. False7. True8. C. On a holder between the keyboard or next to the screenNo False
TrueTrueFalseA: Report issues whenever it’s convenient.B: Taking a short nap
6. True7. True8. C: On a holder between keyboard or next to screen9. No10. False
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